Associations between brain structure and dual decline in gait and cognition.

Dual decline in gait and cognition is associated with an increased risk of dementia, with combined gait and memory decline exhibiting the strongest association. To better understand the underlying pathology, we investigated the associations of baseline brain structure with dual decliners using three serial gait speed and cognitive assessments in memory, processing speed-attention, and verbal fluency. Participants (n=267) were categorized based on annual decline in gait speed and cognitive measures.

Diagnostic Accuracy of the Overlapping Infinity Loops, Wire Cube, and Clock Drawing Tests in Subjective Cognitive Decline, Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia.

Figure drawing tasks are commonly used standalone or as part of broader screening tests to detect cognitive impairment. Only one study has compared the classification accuracy of three common drawing tasks—overlapping infinity loops, wire cube, and the clock drawing task (CDT)—in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia, but age and education, which impact performance, were not accounted for. We replicated the research, adjusting for age and education and, for the first time, assessed subjective cognitive decline (SCD) too.

The perceived contrast of texture patches embedded in natural images.

The visibility of an isolated simple stimulus is known to depend on its contrast. However, when such a stimulus is surrounded by other geometrically-simple stimuli, its perceived contrast can change markedly. Here, we examined whether such effects contribute to our perception of contrasts when we view real world scenes.