Association Between Race and Usage of Pain Medications in Children With Long Bone Fractures in US Emergency Departments, 2011-2019.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the association between race and analgesic administration for children with long bone fracture (LBF) in US emergency departments. Previous studies have shown conflicting results regarding association between race and analgesic administration for pediatric LBFs.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of pediatric emergency department visits for LBF using the 2011-2019 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey-Emergency Department.

The efficacy of low dose short-term prednisone therapy for remission induction in newly diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Background: The ACR/EULAR recommendations endorse the use of glucocorticoids (GCs) for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients' flares and as a bridge to a DMARD. However, the recommendation of low dose short-term monotherapy with (GCs) remains open to the discretion of the clinician. The aim of this study was to assess whether a short-term use of low dose prednisone monotherapy was effective in inducing remission in newly diagnosed RA patients.

A cross-sectional analysis of infant-driven and traditional feeding outcomes for neonatal intensive care unit infants.

Objective: The goal of this study was to assess the impact of infant-driven feeding (IDF) compared to traditional feeding protocols in promoting earlier successful feeding outcomes.

Study Design: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of infants admitted to a level three neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) over a 2-year period. We compared infants fed with the traditional protocol to those under the IDF protocol.

Antibiotic utilization for adult acute respiratory tract infections in United States Emergency Departments.

Background: Antibiotic stewardship programs have been a major focus in recent years to curtail antibiotic resistance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate antibiotic utilization for acute respiratory tract infections (ARTI) in the Emergency Department (ED) setting.

Material And Methods: A retrospective analysis of adult ARTI visits to EDs utilizing 2011-2017 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey- Emergency Department (NHAMCS-ED) datasets was conducted.

Differences in Clinical Management and Outcomes of American Indian and White Women Diagnosed With Endometriosis.

Endometriosis is a chronic, painful disease that can be disabling. There is a scarcity of research on the clinical management and outcomes of endometriosis in American Indian (AI) women. The aim of this study was to determine whether there are discrepancies between AI and White women in symptoms at presentation, initial diagnosis methods, clinical management, and long-term outcomes of endometriosis, in a rural state.

Trends and risk factors in the antibiotic management of skin and soft tissue infections in the United States.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the trends and risk factors of antibiotic treatment for skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs), in the United States.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of SSTIs visits utilizing the 2011-2016 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey.

Results: There were over 43 million visits for SSTIs in the US.

DAS28-CRP Cutoffs for High Disease Activity and Remission Are Lower Than DAS28-ESR in Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Objective: Guidelines do not specify how cutoffs for high disease activity differ between the Disease Activity Score 28-joint count indices DAS28-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and DAS28-C-reactive protein (CRP). Studies that compare DAS28-CRP and DAS28-ESR depend on data from clinical trials, registries, or practices with multiple providers. Existing studies use data from patients who received immunosuppressive therapy.

Race and Length of Time Pursuing Pregnancy Among Women Who Utilized Medical Help to Get Pregnant.

The evaluation of racial disparities in access to and use of infertility services in the U.S. has been documented.

The Association Between Patient Visit Demographics and Opioid Analgesic Received in the Emergency Department.

Introduction: Minimal research has been conducted on the prescribing patterns of emergency room physicians. The opioid epidemic is a well-known public health crisis and increased knowledge of providers' tendencies to prescribe opioids over other analgesia may help to update guidelines, improve patient safety, and lower the amount of opioid diversion and death from overdose. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between patient visit demographics and prescribed opiate analgesics.

Pre-eclampsia and risk of subsequent hypertension: in an American Indian population.

Background And Objectives: Pre-eclampsia (PE) shares a number of proposed pathophysiologic mechanisms related to those implicated in cardiovascular disease (CVD), such as endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, insulin resistance, and impaired renal regulation. PE has also been associated with subsequent hypertension, CVD, and related mortality in later life.

Methods: At follow-up, the four most recent blood pressures, body mass index (BMI), and use of hypertensive medications were recorded from clinic visits of 130 PE cases and 289 normal pregnancies.

Intravitreal bevacizumab and aflibercept for the treatment of exudative age-related macular degeneration.

Background And Objective: To compare treatment of exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) with bevacizumab versus aflibercept in terms of central retinal thickness (CRT) and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA).

Patients And Methods: A retrospective cohort study examining changes in CRT and BCVA over 12 months of follow-up in 111 patients treated with bevacizumab and 91 treated with aflibercept for exudative AMD.

Results: Treatment with bevacizumab and aflibercept reduced CRT from baseline to 12 months.

Impact of a comprehensive smoke-free law following a partial smoke-free law on incidence of heart attacks at a rural community hospital.

Introduction: Secondhand smoking (passive smoking) is associated with many negative health effects, primarily respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Approximately, 46,000 deaths from cardiovascular disease are associated with secondhand smoke exposure annually in the United States, which is roughly 150 deaths in North Dakota. Studies show that passage of smoke-free laws at the community level can reduce the incidence of heart attack.

Statins and breast cancer in postmenopausal women without hormone therapy.

Background: Epidemiological data on the association between statin use and risk of breast cancer among overweight or obese postmenopausal women who have never used hormone therapy (HT) is limited.

Patients And Methods: A hospital-based case-control study was conducted in Fargo, ND, USA. Cases were overweight or obese, postmenopausal White women without a history of HT use who were newly diagnosed with breast cancer.

Serum calcium levels are elevated among women with untreated postmenopausal breast cancer.

Objective: Reports of an association between primary hyperparathyroidism in women and risk of breast cancer suggest an etiologic role for high serum calcium. However, data on the association between serum calcium levels and breast cancer in women without clinical hyperparathyroidism are limited.

Methods: We conducted a hospital-based case-control study among postmenopausal women in Fargo, ND.

Hypercholesterolemia and prostate cancer: a hospital-based case-control study.

Objective: High levels of serum cholesterol have been proposed to increase the risk of prostate cancer but the epidemiologic evidence is limited.

Methods: We conducted a hospital-based case-control study in Fargo, ND, USA, to examine the association between hypercholesterolemia and prostate cancer. Cases were men with incident, histologically confirmed prostate cancer.