Idiopathic Spontaneous Occurrence of Heterotrophic Occurrence During Pregnancy.

Heterotopic ossification (HO) typically presents in the hip, knee, and elbow joints in the setting of trauma or postsurgical intervention. Less commonly, it may occur secondary to neurologic dysfunction or underlying genetic conditions, but idiopathic HO is rare. Most cases of HO are managed nonoperatively with surgical resection remaining a controversy due to high recurrence rates.

Clinical Validation of Rapid Gout Detection Method and Kit.

Gout is an inflammatory arthritis, which causes intense, acute pain due to the buildup of uric acid crystals in synovial fluid. The gold standard for gout diagnosis consists of synovial fluid analysis by polarized light microscopy, which is costly, time-intensive, and technique-dependent, therefore meriting a more efficient, inexpensive, and accessible method for diagnosis. We previously developed and validated a novel colorimetric gout detection method and device based on the reduction of silver nitrate by uric acid; here, we clinically validated our method and device using arthroscopically obtained synovial fluid samples from gout patients.

Rapid Gout Detection Method and Kit.

Gout is a form of arthritis characterized by buildup of uric acid in synovial fluid, which causes severe swelling and can harm joints, tendons, and other tissues. It affects approximately 4% of the United States population, or approximately 8.3 million people nationwide and is therefore a topic of epidemiologic consideration due to its prevalence.

Novel Spiked-Washer Repair Is Biomechanically Superior to Suture and Bone Tunnels for Arcuate Fracture Repair.

Objectives: Injuries to the posterolateral corner of the knee can lead to chronic degenerative changes, external rotation instability, and varus instability if not repaired adequately. A proximal fibula avulsion fracture, referred to as an arcuate fracture, has been described in the literature, but a definitive repair technique has yet to be described. The objective of this study was to present a novel arcuate fracture repair technique, using a spiked-washer with an intramedullary screw, and to compare its biomechanical integrity to a previously described suture and bone tunnel method.

The 2- and 8-week effects of decompressive brace use in people with medial compartment knee osteoarthritis.

Background: Knee osteoarthritis is a prevalent disease. Unloading the affected compartment using a brace is a treatment option.

Objectives: To determine whether a decompressive knee brace alters loading in medial knee osteoarthritis following 2 and 8 weeks of use.

Prospective evaluation of patient comprehension of informed consent.

Background: Physicians and society may overestimate the level of patient comprehension during the process of obtaining informed consent for medical and surgical treatment. The purpose of this study was to prospectively measure the immediate level of patient comprehension at the time that surgical consent is obtained and the effect of time on this level of understanding. In addition, we studied the effect of sex, education level, and age on comprehension.

Management of acute glenohumeral dislocations.

The glenohumeral joint is the most commonly dislocated joint in the human body. Glenohumeral joint dislocations account for a large number of orthopedic consultations in inpatient and outpatient settings. A thorough workup is required for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment of this injury.

Determination of anterior labral repair stress during passive arm motion in a cadaveric model.

Purpose: The actual forces encountered at the labrum after anterior labral repair have yet to be quantified. The purpose of this study was to determine the amount of force experienced at the glenoid-labrum interface with passive range of motion after an isolated Bankart repair and Bankart repair with capsular shift.

Methods: In 12 fresh-frozen cadaveric shoulders, anterior-inferior labral tears were created and then instrumented with a modified load cell.

Intra-articular knee injuries in patients with knee extensor mechanism ruptures.

The knee extensor mechanism is composed of the quadriceps tendon, patella and patellar tendon. Rupture of either the quadriceps tendon or patella tendon is a rare but significant injury. The purpose of our study is to determine if there are any associated injuries with these ruptures necessitating the need for further evaluation such as MRI or arthroscopy.

A Rare Manifestation of Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis of the Elbow in a Child.

There are only a few reported cases in the literature of pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) involving the elbow. Even more rare is its occurrence in the pediatric population as this condition mainly affects young adults. We report a unique case of an 8 year old girl presenting with diffuse form of PVNS of the elbow.

Shoulder pain and the overhand athlete.

There has been much controversy surrounding the issue of shoulder pain and the overhand athlete. Several hypotheses have been suggested as to the cause of the shoulder pain--subacromial impingement, anterior capsular laxity, internal or posterosuperior impingement, traction injury, and scapular imbalance. Treatment for the patient depends on the specific cause of the pain.