Background: The epidemiology and management of thyroid cancer has changed radically in the recent past, with rising international incidence of early-stage papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) in particular. In this paper, we review the epidemiology of thyroid cancer in Ireland.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study of National Cancer Registry of Ireland data, 1994-2019.
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol
October 2023
Background: Laryngeal cancer epidemiology has changed in recent years, with falling incidence observed internationally. Organ preservation therapies have revolutionised management, though some patients may be unsuitable and survival was noted to fall in the 2000s. This study examines trends in laryngeal cancer in Ireland.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Non-conventional laryngeal malignancies (NSCC) often have limited published data to guide management despite individual histopathological subtypes often exhibiting heterogeneous behaviour, characteristics, and treatment responses compared to laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). This study aimed to compare oncological outcomes with SCC, specifically disease-free survival (DFS), disease-specific survival (DSS) and overall survival (OS). Secondary objectives were to compare treatment differences and perform a state of the art review.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Solid organ transplant recipients are recognized to carry a high burden of malignancy and frequently this cancer develops in the head and neck region. Furthermore, cancer of the head and neck post-transplant carries a significantly increased mortality. In this study, we aim to conduct a national retrospective cohort study to investigate the impact of head and neck cancer in terms of frequency and mortality in a large group of solid organ transplant recipients over a 20 year time span and compare the mortality in transplant patients to non-transplant patients with head and neck cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Tracheostomy insertion in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) presents unique challenges. Patients frequently have high ventilatory requirements, and as an aerosol generating procedure, tracheostomy insertion creates the potential for staff transmission. Problems with tracheostomies contribute to morbidity and mortality, and tracheostomy changes may increase risks of staff transmission.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Otol Rhinol Laryngol
March 2023
Background: Head and Neck Cancer (HNC) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, especially when high stage disease is present. There exists a range of options for the management of locoregionally advanced HNC, though doubt remains as to the optimal strategy in the elderly population.
Aims: To evaluate the benefits imparted by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) to the elderly population of HNC patients in Ireland.
Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) accounts for only 4% of thyroid carcinomas but 15% of thyroid cancer deaths. MTC is a tumour of the calcitonin secreting parafollicular C cells in the thyroid which can occur sporadically or be hereditary in multiple endocrine neoplasias type 2 syndromes due to germline RET mutations. Sporadic forms of MTC can also be caused by mutations in the RET protooncogene.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe treatment of locally advanced and metastatic BCC presents a significant clinical challenge. Treatment options have evolved recently to include the use of hedgehog inhibitors Vismodigib and Sonidigib and immunotherapy with Cemiplimab.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur Arch Otorhinolaryngol
June 2022
Background: Head and neck cancer (HNC) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, especially when high stage disease is present. The epidemiology and prognosis of HNC has changed considerably over the last 20 years.
Aims: This study aimed to examine the epidemiological trends in HNC patients over a prolonged period in Ireland.
Background: Considering the pandemic's mode of transmission, the impact on quality of life (QOL) is likely to be exaggerated among healthcare workers (HCWs) who treat head and neck diseases (hHCWs).
Methods: A cross-sectional self-reported QOL assessment was undertaken between July and September 2020 using the World Health Organization Quality of Life instrument sent out to hHCWs. Factors that predicted a poorer QOL were identified using regression models and mediation analysis.
Background: The current COVID-19 pandemic has placed enormous strain on healthcare systems worldwide. Understanding of COVID-19 is rapidly evolving. Pneumonia associated with COVID-19 may lead to respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLateral temporal bone malignancy remains a challenging rare disease. We report 17 years of multidisciplinary care of these tumors with univariate and multivariate analyses of key prognostic indicators for consideration in contemporary oncological management. This is a retrospective cohort study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Solid organ transplant recipients are at increased risk of cancer compared to the general population. To date, this risk in Ireland has not been investigated. We conducted a national registry study of cancer incidence following solid organ transplantation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImportance: Existing data suggest that nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is more common in renal transplant recipients than in maintenance dialysis patients. However, whether the risk of NMSC varies as the treatment modality for end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) changes between dialysis and transplantation is not well described.
Objective: To determine whether the incidence of NMSC is attenuated during periods of graft loss with a return to dialysis in those who receive multiple kidney transplants.
Evaluation of the changing trends in esthesioneuroblastoma in an Irish context and review of management options nationally to clarify the best current therapeutic approach by comparing with international research on this uncommon malignancy. Retrospective review. Tertiary referral center.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Spontaneous haemorrhage into a parathyroid adenoma is a rare and potentially life-threatening presentation.
Case Presentation: We report the case of a 45 year old female recently diagnosed with primary hyperparathyroidism who presented with chest discomfort and acute airway compromise due to spontaneous extracapsular haemorrhage into a parathyroid adenoma. Computed tomography (CT) imaging showed a hypopharyngeal haematoma extending 10 cm into the superior mediastinum.
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a malignancy that arises from epidermal keratinocytes. Although the majority of cutaneous SCC cases are easily treated without further complication, some behave more aggressively and carry a poor prognosis. These "high-risk" cutaneous SCCs commonly originate in the head and neck and have an increased tendency toward recurrence, local invasion, and distant metastasis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur Arch Otorhinolaryngol
February 2017
This study aims to determine the survival impact of patient characteristics and treatment options associated with the early stage oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma, OCSCC. The methods are analysis of Irish cancer database examining T1/2, N0, and M0 cases of OCSCC from 1997 to 2007 inclusive. In total, 397 cases were identified.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA 37-year-old male athlete was diagnosed with primary tracheal adenoid cystic carcinoma following investigation for dyspnea, wheeze, and eventual stridor. Preoperative bronchoscopy revealed a highly vascular tumor 4 cm distal to the cricoid with no gross disease extending to the carina. Imaging revealed circumferential tracheal irregularity immediately inferior to the cricoid, with no definite cricoid invasion.
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