A Ring Expansion Approach To -oxy-2,5-diketopiperazines.

A ring expansion of tetramic acids (pyrrolidine-2,4-diones) to -oxy-2,5-diketopiperazines (DKPs) is described. This method allows for the facile and late-stage construction of the hydroxamic acid moiety and can thereby serve as a general method for accessing -oxy-2,5-DKP natural products.

Underrepresentation of diverse populations and clinical characterization in opioid agonist treatment research: A systematic review of the neurocognitive effects of buprenorphine and methadone treatment.

Introduction: The relative neurocognitive effects of the two most common opioid agonist treatments (OAT; buprenorphine and methadone) for opioid use disorder (OUD) are poorly understood. The aim of this systematic review is to examine the neurocognitive effects of OAT (buprenorphine and methadone) and the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of study samples.

Methods: The research team queried PubMed, PsycINFO and Cochrane Reviews for articles (01/1980-01/2020) with terms related to neurocognitive testing in adults (age ≥ 18) prescribed OAT.

Neurocognitive, psychiatric, and substance use characteristics in a diverse sample of persons with OUD who are starting methadone or buprenorphine/naloxone in opioid treatment programs.

Background: Medications for opioid use disorder such as opioid agonist treatment (OAT, including methadone, buprenorphine) are the gold standard intervention for opioid use disorder (OUD). Persons with OUD have high rates of neurocognitive impairment and psychiatric and substance use disorders, but few studies have examined these characteristics in diverse patients initiating OAT in opioid treatment programs (OTPs). Additionally, in these individuals, poor neurocognitive functioning and psychiatric/other substance use disorders are associated with poor OUD treatment outcomes.

Extraordinary Acceleration of Cogwheel Helical Self-Organization of Dendronized Perylene Bisimides by the Dendron Sequence Encoding Their Tertiary Structure.

The cogwheel model of hierarchical self-organization provides a route to highly ordered crystalline helical columnar hexagonal arrays of perylene bisimides (PBIs) conjugated to (3,4,5)-dimethyloctyl (racemic dm8*, ) minidendrons. Cogwheel PBIs assemble with identical structural order irrespective of molecular chirality to generate helical columns jacketed with an alkyl coat with length equal to half the helical pitch, exhibiting helical deracemization in the crystal state. These assemblies were accessible only via annealing or cooling and reheating at 1 °C/min.

Sequence-Defined Dendrons Dictate Supramolecular Cogwheel Assembly of Dendronized Perylene Bisimides.

A dendronized perylene bisimide (PBI) that self-organizes into hexagonal arrays of supramolecular double helices with identical single-crystal-like order that disregards chirality was recently reported. A cogwheel model of self-assembly that explains this process was proposed. Accessing the highly ordered cogwheel phase required very slow heating and cooling or extended periods of annealing.

Emergency Physician Screening and Management of Trauma Patients with Alcohol Involvement.

Background: Alcohol screening and brief intervention (SBI) in trauma patients has been reported in literature to be effective in changing harmful drinking patterns and injury recurrence. Despite good evidence that SBI can benefit patients and provide a more holistic care, it is not routinely implemented in acute medical settings in Australia, in particular emergency departments (EDs).

Objective: This paper aims to assess the knowledge, confidence, and practice of alcohol SBI in trauma patients by emergency physicians throughout Australia and New Zealand through an online survey.

Reading Ability as an Estimator of Premorbid Intelligence: Does It Remain Stable Among Ethnically Diverse HIV+ Adults?

Unlabelled: The Wide Range Achievement Test, 3rd edition, Reading Recognition subtest (WRAT-3 RR) is an established measure of premorbid ability. Furthermore, its long-term reliability is not well documented, particularly in diverse populations with CNS-relevant disease.

Objective: We examined test-retest reliability of the WRAT-3 RR over time in an HIV+ sample of predominantly racial/ethnic minority adults.

Air-stable nickel precatalysts for fast and quantitative cross-coupling of aryl sulfamates with aryl neopentylglycolboronates at room temperature.

A library containing 10 air-stable Ni(II)X(Aryl)(PCy3)2 σ-complexes as precatalysts (X = Cl, Br, OTs, OMs, aryl = 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl; X = Cl, 1-acenaphthenyl, 1-(2-methoxynaphthyl), 9-phenanthrenyl, 9-anthracyl) was synthesized and demonstrated to quantitatively cross-couple 2-methoxyphenyl dimethylsulfamate with methyl 4-(5,5-dimethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborinane-2-yl)benzoate at 23 °C in dry THF in the presence of K3PO4(H2O)3.2 in less than 60 min. Lower or higher amounts of H2O in K3PO4 and as received THF mediate the same transformation in a maximum three times longer reaction time.

Magnetic resonance imaging conditionally safe neurostimulation leads: investigation of the maximum safe lead tip temperature.

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is preferred for imaging the central nervous system (CNS). An important hazard for neurostimulation patients is heating at the electrode interface induced, for example, by 64-MHz radiofrequency (RF) magnetic fields of a 1.5T scanner.

The Patient Care Monitor-Neutropenia Index: development, reliability, and validity of a measure for chemotherapy-induced neutropenia.

Purpose/objectives: To provide an initial evaluation of the psychometric properties of the Patient Care Monitor 1.0 Revised-Neutropenia Index (PCM-N), a symptom-based assessment tool designed to measure health-related quality-of-life (HRQOL) changes associated with chemotherapy-induced neutropenia.

Design: Known-groups methodology and self-report instrument validation.

Internal distraction osteogenesis in the management of a patient with a bilateral cleft of the lip and palate: a case report.

Distraction osteogenesis is a relatively new technique in the field of oral and maxillo-facial surgery. It is being increasingly employed to help rehabilitate various craniofacial abnormalities. This case report describes its use in a 20-year-old male who was born with a bilateral cleft of the lip and palate.

Predicting violence in romantic relationships during adolescence and emerging adulthood: a critical review of the mechanisms by which familial and peer influences operate.

For three decades, researchers have sought to gain a greater understanding of the developmental antecedents to later perpetration or victimization of violence in romantic relationships. Whereas the majority of early studies focused on family-of-origin factors, attention in recent years has turned to additional ecologies such as peer relationships. This review highlights accomplishments of both family and peer studies that focus on violent romantic relationships in an effort to summarize the current state of knowledge.

Use of the Patient Care Monitor to screen for depression in adult cancer patients interviewed with the structured clinical interview for DSM-IV.

Objective: To evaluate the Patient Care Monitor (PCM1.0) Acute Distress and Despair normalized T scores as indicators of a diagnosis of Major Depression according to the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID).

Methods: Subjects were 21 adult cancer patients identified by treating community oncologists as having significant emotional distress matched on age, cancer type, treatment history, and sex to 21 patients not having significant distress.

Using ultrasound to visualize the lingual nerve.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of ultrasonography in visualizing the lingual nerve, calculating its distance from the lingual cortex at the area of the third molar, and in detecting injuries.

Materials And Methods: Using a standardized protocol, lingual nerve dissections were performed in Yorkshire pig cadaver heads. After nerve isolation was confirmed, the nerve was left intact, fully transected, or partially transected.