Improving mental health in black men through a 24-week community-based lifestyle change intervention: the black impact program.

Background: Poor mental health is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among Black men in the United States. Efforts to improve mental health among Black men have been hampered by a lack of access and utilization of mental health services. Physical activity and social networks have been shown to improve mental health.

Role of Sex in the Association of Socioeconomic Status With Cardiovascular Health in Black Americans: The Jackson Heart Study.

Background: Socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with cardiovascular health (CVH). Potential differences by sex in this association remain incompletely understood in Black Americans, where SES disparities are posited to be partially responsible for cardiovascular inequities. The association of SES measures (income, education, occupation, and insurance) with CVH scores was examined in the Jackson Heart Study.

Describing the monthly variability of hospital-onset during early coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) using electronic health record data.

Objective: To assess the relative risk of hospital-onset (HO-CDI) during each month of the early coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and to compare it with historical expectation based on patient characteristics.

Design: This study used a retrospective cohort design. We collected secondary data from the institution's electronic health record (EHR).

Adiposity, aldosterone and plasma renin activity among African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study.

Objective: To analyze associations between adiposity and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in a large African American (AA) cohort.

Methods: Cross-sectional associations of adiposity (body mass index [BMI], waist circumference [WC], waist:height ratio, waist:hip ratio, leptin, adiponectin, leptin:adiponectin ratio [LAR], subcutaneous [SAT] and visceral adipose tissue [VAT], and liver attenuation [LA]) with aldosterone, plasma renin activity (renin), and aldosterone:renin ratio (ARR) were assessed in the Jackson Heart Study using adjusted linear regression models.

Results: A 1-SD higher BMI was associated with a 4.

The role of aldosterone and ideal cardiovascular health in incident cardiovascular disease: The Jackson heart study.

Background: Higher levels of ideal cardiovascular health (ICH) are associated with lower levels of aldosterone and incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the degree to which aldosterone mediates the association between ICH and CVD incidence has not been explored. Thus, we investigated the mediational role of aldosterone in the association of 5 components of ICH (cholesterol, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, diet and smoking) with incident CVD and the mediational role of blood pressure (BP) and glucose in the association of aldosterone with incident CVD in a cohort of African Americans (AA).

The role of aldosterone and ideal cardiovascular health in incident diabetes: The Jackson Heart Study.

Background: Greater attainment of ideal cardiovascular health (ICH) and lower serum aldosterone are associated with lower diabetes risk. Higher levels of ICH are associated with lower aldosterone. The mediational role of aldosterone in the association of ICH with incident diabetes remains unexplored.

Associations of Cardiometabolic Multimorbidity With All-Cause and Coronary Heart Disease Mortality Among Black Adults in the Jackson Heart Study.

Importance: A combination of diabetes, coronary heart disease (CHD), and stroke has multiplicative all-cause mortality risk compared with any individual morbidity in White populations, but there is a lack of studies in Black populations in the US.

Objective: To examine the association of cardiometabolic multimorbidity (diabetes, stroke, and CHD) individually and collectively with all-cause and CHD mortality.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study included Black adults in the Jackson Heart Study followed over a median of 15 years.

Fruit and vegetable intake is inversely associated with severity of inattention in a pediatric population with ADHD symptoms: the MADDY Study.

Objectives: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with a U.S. pediatric prevalence of 8-10%.

Household Food Insecurity Is Associated with Symptoms of Emotional Dysregulation in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: The MADDY Study.

The association of household food insecurity with symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and emotional dysregulation in children was examined in this study. We utilized baseline data from 134 children aged 6-12 years who were enrolled in a clinical trial investigating multinutrient supplementation as a treatment for ADHD and emotional dysregulation. Household food security status was assessed using the 18-item US Household Food Security Survey Module.

Improving cardiovascular health in black men through a 24-week community-based team lifestyle change intervention: The black impact pilot study.

Background: Higher cardiovascular health scores, using American Heart Association's (AHA) Life's Simple 7 (LS7), have been associated with lower risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, cancer, and mortality among all racial/ethnic groups. Nationally, Black men have the lowest levels of LS7. Thus, a study was conducted to evaluate the impact of a community-based team lifestyle change program on LS7 among Black men.

Association of Socioeconomic Status With Ideal Cardiovascular Health in Black Men.

Background Black men are burdened by high cardiovascular risk and the highest all-cause mortality rate in the United States. Socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with improved cardiovascular risk factors in majority populations, but there is a paucity of data in Black men. Methods and Results We examined the association of SES measures including educational attainment, annual income, employment status, and health insurance status with an ideal cardiovascular health (ICH) score, which included blood pressure, glucose, cholesterol, body mass index, physical activity, and smoking in African American Male Wellness Walks.

Association of Adiposity With Incident Diabetes Among Black Adults in the Jackson Heart Study.

Background The prognostic value of anthropometric, adipokine, and computed tomography measures of adiposity to predict diabetes in Black, specifically by normoglycemia versus prediabetes, remains incompletely understood. Methods and Results Among Black participants without diabetes in the JHS (Jackson Heart Study), waist circumference [WC], body mass index, adiponectin, leptin, and leptin:adiponectin ratio were standardized in sample 1 (2422 participants at baseline [2000-2004]) and WC, body mass index, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue, and liver attenuation in 1537 participants at examination 2 (2005-2008) (sample 2). Hazard ratios (HRs) for diabetes were estimated using interval-censored Cox modeling adjusting for traditional risk factors and validated with the C index.

Where Are the Women in Radiation Oncology? A Cross-Sectional Multi-Specialty Comparative Analysis.

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the growth of women within the general radiation oncology (RO) workforce in comparison to the growth among other medical specialties. We also sought to create a predictive model for gender diversity to guide future recruitment efforts.

Methods And Materials: We identified 16 medical specialties, including RO, for analyses.

Evaluation of Equitable Racial and Ethnic Representation Among Departmental Chairs in Academic Medicine, 1980-2019.

This cross-sectional study evaluates racial and ethnic representation among departmental chairs and faculty in academic medicine in the US from 1980 to 2019.

Predictors of hip fracture mortality in Ghana: a single-center prospective study.

Unlabelled: To determine risk factors influencing mortality in patients with proximal femur fractures in a Ghanaian hospital over a 4-year period.

Methods: Incidence of mortality was assessed among 76 participants with proximal femur fractures from January to December 2014 and followed up for 4 years. Outcomes of interest were mortality at 1 month, 6 months, 1 year, and 4 years.

Evaluation of Progress Toward Gender Equity Among Departmental Chairs in Academic Medicine.

This cross-sectional study evaluates the extent of progress in female representation among program directors, chairs, and deans to provide a benchmark by which to evaluate future progress.

The association of cortisol curve features with incident diabetes among whites and African Americans: The CARDIA study.

Introduction: A flatter diurnal cortisol curve has been associated with incident diabetes among older white adults. However, this relationship has not been examined among middle-aged individuals or African Americans [AA]. We analyzed the longitudinal association of baseline diurnal cortisol curve features with incident diabetes over a 10 year period in a cohort of AA and white participants who were, on average, 40 years old.

The association of ideal cardiovascular health with self-reported health, diabetes, and adiposity in African American males.

African American (AA) men have the highest age-adjusted all-cause mortality rate in the United States of America (US) and a high burden of cardiovascular risk factors. The African American Male Wellness Walk (AAMWW) seeks to reduce such health disparities among AA males. The association of a combination of ideal cardiovascular health (ICH) metrics (blood pressure, glucose, cholesterol, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, and smoking) with self-reported health, diabetes, and body fat percentage was examined among 729 AA male participants from the 2017 and 2018 AAMWWs.

An exploratory evaluation of the potential pulmonary, neurological and other health effects of chronic exposure to emissions from municipal solid waste fires at a large dumpsite in Olusosun, Lagos, Nigeria.

Open municipal solid waste (MSW) combustion is a major emission source of particulate air pollution, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and more exotic hazardous organic pollutants including polychlorinated biphenyls and brominated flame retardants. However, the adverse impact of MSW combustion emission on health among the general population is unknown. Therefore, a cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the associations between potential exposure to MSW combustion-related air pollution and symptoms of adverse health effects among residents of a community adjacent to a large open landfill in Lagos, Nigeria.

Allostatic load in the association of depressive symptoms with incident coronary heart disease: The Jackson Heart Study.

African Americans are at heightened risk for coronary heart disease (CHD), with biologic pathways poorly understood. We examined the role of allostatic load (AL) in the association of depressive symptoms with incident CHD among 2,670 African American men and women in the prospective Jackson Heart Study. Depressive symptoms were quantified using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D).

The Association of Life's Simple 7 with Aldosterone among African Americans in the Jackson Heart Study.

Background: Among African Americans (AAs), attaining higher levels of American Heart Association (AHA) ideal cardiovascular health (Life's Simple 7 [LS7]) is associated with lower risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). We previously showed that aldosterone is associated with higher risk of diabetes and CVD in AAs. Thus, we investigated the association of LS7 metrics with aldosterone in the Jackson Heart Study (JHS).

An Examination of Demographic and Psychosocial Factors, Barriers to Healthy Eating, and Diet Quality Among African American Adults.

A healthy diet is associated with lower risk of chronic disease. African Americans generally have poor diet quality and experience a higher burden of many chronic diseases. We examined the associations of demographic and psychosocial factors and barriers to diet quality among African American adults.

Ideal cardiovascular health, glycaemic status and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus: the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study.

Aims/hypothesis: Ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) is associated with lower diabetes risk. However, it is unclear whether this association is similar across glycaemic levels (normal [<5.6 mmol/l] vs impaired fasting glucose [IFG] [5.