Ready-to-eat cereal consumption is associated with improved nutrient intakes and diet quality in Canadian adults and children across income levels.

Background: Results from observational studies suggest ready-to-eat cereal (RTEC) consumption is associated with higher diet quality. In the United States, studies have shown that RTEC is an important contributor to nutrient intakes across income levels. However, it is unknown if this association varies by income level in the Canadian population.

Care Management Processes Important for High-Quality Diabetes Care.

Objective: Identify the improvement in diabetes performance measures and population-based clinical outcomes resulting from changes in care management processes (CMP) in primary care practices over 3 years.

Research Design And Methods: This repeated cross-sectional study tracked clinical performance measures for all diabetes patients seen in a cohort of 330 primary care practices in 2017 and 2019. Unit of analysis was patient-year with practice-level CMP exposures.

Ready-to-eat cereal is an affordable breakfast option associated with better nutrient intake and diet quality in the US population.

Background: Results from observational studies have reported ready-to-eat cereal (RTEC) consumers have higher dietary quality and nutrient intake compared to consumers of non-RTEC breakfasts or those who do not eat breakfast. Yet, there have been few investigations on the relationship of RTEC to meal costs at breakfast and across the day, which may be one reason some consumers choose to not consume breakfast.

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the contribution of RTEC consumed at breakfast to nutrient intake and adequacy, diet quality and meal costs in a nationally representative sample of children and adults in the US.

Associations of Ready-to-Eat Cereal Consumption and Income With Dietary Outcomes: Results From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015-2018.

Background: Ready-to-eat (RTE) cereal has been associated with higher diet quality but it is not known if this association differs by income.

Objective: To investigate the association of RTE cereal with dietary outcomes in a US population stratified by income [measured using the poverty-to-income ratio (PIR)].

Methods: Data from children 2-18 years ( = 5,028) and adults 19 years and older ( = 9,813) with 24-h dietary recalls from the cross-sectional, US nationally-representative 2015-2016 and 2017-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) were used in a multivariable linear model that included cereal eating status (based on day 1 24 h dietary recall), PIR category (Low-PIR <1.

Bayesian variable selection in hierarchical difference-in-differences models.

A popular method for estimating a causal treatment effect with observational data is the difference-in-differences model. In this work, we consider an extension of the classical difference-in-differences setting to the hierarchical context in which data cannot be matched at the most granular level. Our motivating example is an application to assess the impact of primary care redesign policy on diabetes outcomes in Minnesota, in which the policy is administered at the clinic level and individual outcomes are not matched from pre- to post-intervention.

An efficient Bayesian platform trial design for borrowing adaptively from historical control data in lymphoma.

To reduce a clinical trial's cost and ethical risk to its enrollees, some oncology trial designers have suggested borrowing information from similar but already completed trials to reduce the number of patients needed for the current study. Motivated by competing drug therapies for lymphoma, we propose a Bayesian adaptive "platform" trial design that uses commensurate prior methods at interim analyses to borrow adaptively from the control group of an earlier-starting trial. The design adjusts the trial's randomization ratio in favor of the novel treatment when the interim posterior indicates commensurability of the two control groups.

A Bayesian Difference-in-Difference Framework for the Impact of Primary Care Redesign on Diabetes Outcomes.

Although national measures of the quality of diabetes care delivery demonstrate improvement, progress has been slow. In 2008, the Minnesota legislature endorsed the patient-centered medical home (PCMH) as the preferred model for primary care redesign. In this work, we investigate the effect of PCMH-related clinic redesign and resources on diabetes outcomes from 2008 to 2012 among Minnesota clinics certified as PCMHs by 2011 by using a Bayesian framework for a continuous difference-in-differences model.

Pulmonary ultrasound scoring system for intubated critically ill patients and its association with clinical metrics and mortality: A prospective cohort study.

Purpose: Pulmonary ultrasound (PU) examination at the point-of-care can rapidly identify the etiology of acute respiratory failure (ARF) and assess treatment response. The often-subjective classification of PU abnormalities makes it difficult to document change over time and communicate findings across providers. The study goal was to develop a simple, PU scoring system that would allow for standardized documentation, have high interprovider agreement, and correlate with clinical metrics.

Postoperative respiratory failure necessitating transfer to the intensive care unit in orthopedic surgery patients: risk factors, costs, and outcomes.

Background: Postoperative pulmonary complications in orthopedic surgery patients have been associated with worse clinical outcomes. Identifying patients with respiratory risk factors requiring enhanced monitoring and management modifications is an important part of postoperative care. Patients with unanticipated respiratory decompensation requiring transfer to the intensive care unit (ICU) have not been studied in sufficient detail.