A Nonselective Cyclooxygenase Inhibitor Enhances the Activity of Vinblastine in a Naturally-Occurring Canine Model of Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma.

Chemotherapy is expected to remain an important part of invasive urothelial carcinoma (UC) treatment. Strategies to enhance chemotherapy efficacy are needed. To determine the chemotherapy-enhancing effects of a nonselective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor on vinblastine in a naturally-occurring canine model of invasive UC.

Assessment of folate receptor expression and folate uptake in multicentric lymphomas in dogs.

Objective: To determine expression of folate receptors (FRs) and folate uptake in multicentric lymphomas in dogs.

Sample: 10 dogs with histopathologically confirmed multicentric lymphoma and 20 archival lymph node biopsy specimens from dogs with multicentric lymphoma.

Procedures: Multicentric lymphomas in 10 dogs were prospectively evaluated for FR expression by use of immunohistochemical analysis and for in vivo folate uptake by use of nuclear scintigraphy.

Investigating the magnetic field-dependent conductivity in magnetite thin films by modelling the magnetorefractive effect.

A model of the magnetorefractive effect is developed for metallic oxides which allows the MRE to be used to study the magnetic dependence of their transport and phononic properties. This model is successfully applied to Fe3O4 and compared to experiments on a series of magnetite thin films of varying thickness (10, 18, 37, 64 and 110 nm) deposited on MgO(111) substrates. Reflection spectra were modelled as a function of film thickness, calculated from the Fresnel equations using an Fe3O4 dielectric function consisting of Drude, hopping, phononic and d-s transition conductivity processes.

Evaluation of two novel self-anchoring barbed sutures in a prophylactic laparoscopic gastropexy compared with intracorporeal tied knots.

Objective: To compare laparoscopic gastropexy using 2 self-anchoring barbed sutures to gastropexy using laparoscopically tied intracorporeal knots.

Study Design: Prospective, randomized controlled, clinical trial.

Animals: Dogs (n = 30) weighing >16 kg.

Targeting folate receptors to treat invasive urinary bladder cancer.

Folate receptors (FR) may be of use for targeted delivery of cytotoxic drugs in invasive urothelial carcinoma (iUC), for which improved therapy is needed. FR expression and function in iUC were explored and the antitumor activity and toxicity of a folate-targeted vinblastine conjugate were evaluated in dogs with naturally occurring iUC, an excellent model for human iUC. FR immunohistochemistry was carried out on iUC and normal human and dog bladder tissues together with nuclear scintigraphy in dogs to monitor iUC folate uptake.

Accuracy of three-dimensional and two-dimensional ultrasonography for measurement of tumor volume in dogs with transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder.

Objective: To determine the accuracy of 3-D and 2-D ultrasonography for quantification of tumor volume in dogs with transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the urinary bladder.

Animals: 10 dogs with biopsy-confirmed TCC.

Procedures: The urinary bladder of each dog was distended with saline (0.

Feasibility of computed tomography in awake dogs with traumatic pelvic fracture.

In veterinary medicine, general anesthesia or sedation is generally required to immobilize patients during computed tomography (CT) scanning. This may not be suitable in all patients because of risks of anesthesia. We evaluated the feasibility of pelvic CT examination in 14 awake animals with pelvic trauma.

Evaluation of experimentally induced injury to the superficial digital flexor tendon in horses by use of low-field magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasonography.

Objective: To evaluate tendon injuries in horses over a 16-week period by use of ultrasonography and low-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Sample: Tendons of 8 young adult horses.

Procedures: The percentage of experimentally induced tendon injury was evaluated in cross section at the maximal area of injury by use of ultrasonography and MRI at 3, 4, 6, 8, and 16 weeks after collagenase injection.

Cyclic estrous-like behavior in a spayed cat associated with excessive sex-hormone production by an adrenocortical carcinoma.

A 15-year-old, spayed female domestic shorthair cat was evaluated for 1-year duration of cyclic intermittent estrous behavior. Diagnostic testing performed before referral, including baseline progesterone concentration, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) hormone stimulation test and surgical exploratory laparotomy, had remained inconclusive for a remnant ovary. Evaluation of sex hormones before and after adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) administration revealed increased basal concentrations of androstenedione, estradiol, progesterone, and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone and normal ACTH-stimulated hormone concentrations.

Reaction-driven surface restructuring and selectivity control in allylic alcohol catalytic aerobic oxidation over Pd.

Synchronous, time-resolved DRIFTS/MS/XAS cycling studies of the vapor-phase selective aerobic oxidation of crotyl alcohol over nanoparticulate Pd have revealed surface oxide as the desired catalytically active phase, with dynamic, reaction-induced Pd redox processes controlling selective versus combustion pathways.

Reactivity of crotonaldehyde and propene over Au/Pd(111) surfaces.

The surface chemistry of crotonaldehyde and propene, primary and secondary reaction products in the aerobic selective oxidation of crotyl alcohol, has been studied by temperature-programmed reaction over Au/Pd(111) surface alloys. Gold strongly promotes desorption versus reaction at mole fractions > or = 0.3 (crotonaldehyde) and > or = 0.

Patellar blastomycosis in a dog.

A 4-year-old, spayed female, mixed-breed dog was presented for evaluation of chronic left hind-limb lameness. Lytic lesions were observed in the left patella on radiographs of the stifle. A biopsy of the patella led to a histopathological diagnosis of blastomycosis.

Health industry practices that create conflicts of interest: a policy proposal for academic medical centers.

Conflicts of interest between physicians' commitment to patient care and the desire of pharmaceutical companies and their representatives to sell their products pose challenges to the principles of medical professionalism. These conflicts occur when physicians have motives or are in situations for which reasonable observers could conclude that the moral requirements of the physician's roles are or will be compromised. Although physician groups, the manufacturers, and the federal government have instituted self-regulation of marketing, research in the psychology and social science of gift receipt and giving indicates that current controls will not satisfactorily protect the interests of patients.

Systemic Mycobacterium avium infection in a dog diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction analysis of buffy coat.

Dogs may be infected by Mycobacterium (M.) tuberculosis, M. bovis, and M.

Radiographic diagnosis--paraspinal abscess in a dog.

A two-year-old intact male Brittany Spaniel was admitted for evaluation of progressive spinal pain. Previous treatment had been initiated for suspected lumbosacral intervertebral disk disease, however there was poor response to therapy. On presentation the dog was laterally recumbent and neurological examination revealed hyperesthesia over the lumbar vertebral segments.