National Poison Data System Annual Report: under the hood.

Introduction: The 41st National Poison Data System Annual Report from America's Poison Centers is published in this issue of This Commentary focuses on comparing the different poisoning-related surveillance systems in the United States while highlighting some of the strengths and weaknesses of the National Poison Data System. It also reviews the process underlying the fatality review section of the Annual Report.

Comparison Of Poisoning Surveillance Systems: In order to place the data reported by the National Poison Data System in context, the National Poison Data System was compared to other available poisoning surveillance systems in the United States: the American College of Medical Toxicology's Toxicology Investigators Consortium (ToxIC) Registry, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Injury Prevention and Control Web-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System (WISQARS) which partners with the Consumer Products Safety Commission's National Electronic Injury Surveillance System - All Injury Program (NEISS-AIP), and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-ranging ONline Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) database.

2023 Annual Report of the National Poison Data System® (NPDS) from America's Poison Centers®: 41st Annual Report.

Introduction: This is the 41 Annual Report of America's Poison Centers® National Poison Data System®. As of 1 January, 2023, all 55 of the nation's poison centers uploaded case data automatically to NPDS.

Methods: We analyzed the case data, tabulating specific indices from the NPDS®.

Forty years of National Poison Data System Annual Reports.

Introduction: The 40th National Poison Data System Annual Report from America's Poison Centers is published in this issue of This Commentary will focus on changes that have occurred over the years and emerging trends while highlighting some of the strengths and weaknesses of the system.

Forty Years Of National Poison Data System Annual Reports: The National Poison Data System now receives poison exposure data from all 50 states and territories of the United States, representing all levels of care and medical outcomes, and is collected in near real-time. The 2022 report is double in size from the 1983 report and shows changes in the distribution of exposure substances and at least a doubling in the percentage of calls from a health care facility, intentional exposures, and fatalities.

2022 Annual Report of the National Poison Data System (NPDS) from America's Poison Centers: 40th Annual Report.

Introduction: This is the 40 Annual Report of America's Poison Centers National Poison Data System (NPDS). As of 1 January, 2022, all 55 of the nation's poison centers (PCs) uploaded case data automatically to NPDS. The upload interval was 4.

2021 Annual Report of the National Poison Data System (NPDS) from America's Poison Centers: 39th Annual Report.

Abstractintroduction: This is the 39 Annual Report of America's Poison Centers' National Poison Data System (NPDS). As of 1 January, 2021, all 55 of the nation's poison centers (PCs) uploaded case data automatically to NPDS. The upload interval was 4.

2020 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' National Poison Data System (NPDS): 38th Annual Report.

Introduction: This is the 38 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' (AAPCC) National Poison Data System (NPDS). As of 1 January, 2020, all 55 of the nation's poison centers (PCs) uploaded case data automatically to NPDS. The upload interval was 6.

Extracorporeal treatments for isoniazid poisoning: Systematic review and recommendations from the EXTRIP workgroup.

Isoniazid toxicity from self-poisoning or dosing errors remains common in regions of the world where tuberculosis is prevalent. Although the treatment of isoniazid poisoning is centered on supportive care and pyridoxine administration, extracorporeal treatments (ECTRs), such as hemodialysis, have been advocated to enhance elimination of isoniazid. No systematic reviews or evidence-based recommendations currently exist on the benefit of ECTRs for isoniazid poisoning.

2019 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' National Poison Data System (NPDS): 37th Annual Report.

This is the 37 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' (AAPCC) National Poison Data System (NPDS). As of 1 January, 2019, all 55 of the nation's poison centers (PCs) uploaded case data automatically to NPDS. The upload interval was 6.

2018 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' National Poison Data System (NPDS): 36th Annual Report.

This is the 36 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' (AAPCC) National Poison Data System (NPDS). As of 1 January, 2018, 55 of the nation's poison centers (PCs) uploaded case data automatically to NPDS. The upload interval was 7.

Role of dantrolene in dinitrophenol (DNP) overdose: A continuing question?

Background: 2,4-Dinitrophenol (DNP) is a known uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation that clinically results in hyperthermia, tachycardia, tachypnea, and metabolic acidosis. Overdoses of DNP are often fatal and there is no specific reversal therapy. Dantrolene interferes with calcium release in skeletal muscle and is traditionally used to treat malignant hyperthermia.

2017 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' National Poison Data System (NPDS): 35th Annual Report.

Introduction: This is the 35th Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' (AAPCC) National Poison Data System (NPDS). As of 1 January 2017, 55 of the nation's poison centers (PCs) uploaded case data automatically to NPDS. The upload interval was 8.

Extracorporeal treatments in poisonings from four non-traditionally dialysed toxins (acetaminophen, digoxin, opioids and tricyclic antidepressants): A combined single-centre and national study.

The use of extracorporeal treatments (ECTRs) for poisonings with four non-traditionally dialysed toxins (NTDTs) is increasing in the United States. This study evaluated whether ECTRs are prescribed for toxin removal or the treatment of other medical illnesses or complications. We performed a 2-Phase retrospective analysis evaluating the main indication for ECTRs in patients with poisoning from a NTDT (defined for this study as acetaminophen, opioids, tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) or digoxin) and ECTR.

2016 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' National Poison Data System (NPDS): 34th Annual Report.

Introduction: This is the 34th Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' (AAPCC) National Poison Data System (NPDS). As of 1 January 2016, 55 of the nation's poison centers (PCs) uploaded case data automatically to NPDS. The upload interval was 9.

Evaluation of toxicity after acute accidental methotrexate ingestions in children under 6 years old: a 16-year multi-center review.

Context: There is little data on the frequency of adverse events following acute methotrexate ingestions in pediatric patients. Likewise, recommendations for observation length, site and management strategies in this population are not well established. Therefore, most recommendations are modeled after management of chronic overdose in patients with underlying medical conditions.

2015 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' National Poison Data System (NPDS): 33rd Annual Report.

Introduction: This is the 33rd Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' (AAPCC) National Poison Data System (NPDS). As of 1 January 2015, 55 of the nation's poison centers (PCs) uploaded case data automatically to NPDS. The upload interval was 9.

Why are we Still Dialyzing Overdoses to Tricyclic Antidepressants? A subanalysis of the NPDS database.

A recent analysis of the American Association of Poison Control Centers database, showed that poisonings from toxins not usually considered amenable to extracorporeal purification ("non-classic toxins" such as ethanol and tricyclic antidepressants) continue to be reported. This publication investigates factors that may explain these findings. Our results suggest that: 1) the relatively high absolute number of ECTR performed for non-classic toxins may simply reflect the large number of exposures to these toxins, 2) poisoning from another toxin may have been the reason for ECTR initiation in some exposures to non-classic toxins, 3) poisoning from non-classic toxins may receive ECTR for purposes other than toxin removal, and 4) the decisional threshold to initiate ECTR may be lower for non-classic toxins because of heightened toxicity.

Extracorporeal treatment for digoxin poisoning: systematic review and recommendations from the EXTRIP Workgroup.

Background: The Extracorporeal Treatments in Poisoning (EXTRIP) workgroup was formed to provide recommendations on the use of extracorporeal treatments (ECTR) in poisoning. Here, we present our results for digoxin.

Methods: After a systematic literature search, clinical and toxicokinetic data were extracted and summarized following a predetermined format.

2014 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' National Poison Data System (NPDS): 32nd Annual Report.

Background: This is the 32nd Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' (AAPCC) National Poison Data System (NPDS). As of 1 January 2014, 56 of the nation's poison centers (PCs) uploaded case data automatically to NPDS. The upload interval was 7.

Practice Trends in the Use of Extracorporeal Treatments for Poisoning in Four Countries.

Extracorporeal treatments (ECTRs) such as hemodialysis (HD), enhance the elimination of a small number of toxins. Changes in overdose trends, prescribing practices, antidotes, and dialysis techniques may alter the indications and rates of ECTR use over time. This study analyzed trends in ECTR for poisonings in four countries.

An Observational Study of the Factor Xa Inhibitors Rivaroxaban and Apixaban as Reported to Eight Poison Centers.

Study Objective: Rivaroxaban and apixaban are part of a new group of oral anticoagulants targeting factor Xa and approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 2011 and 2012. These oral anticoagulants are administered at fixed daily doses, without the need for laboratory-guided adjustments. There are limited data available on supratherapeutic doses or overdose of the oral Xa inhibitors.

2013 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' National Poison Data System (NPDS): 31st Annual Report.

Background: This is the 31st Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' (AAPCC) National Poison Data System (NPDS). As of January 1, 2013, 57 of the nation's poison centers (PCs) uploaded case data automatically to NPDS. The upload interval was 8.

Guidelines for reporting case studies on extracorporeal treatments in poisonings: methodology.

A literature review performed by the EXtracorporeal TReatments In Poisoning (EXTRIP) workgroup highlighted deficiencies in the existing literature, especially the reporting of case studies. Although general reporting guidelines exist for case studies, there are none in the specific field of extracorporeal treatments in toxicology. Our goal was to construct and propose a checklist that systematically outlines the minimum essential items to be reported in a case study of poisoned patients undergoing extracorporeal treatments.

Trends in toxic alcohol exposures in the United States from 2000 to 2013: a focus on the use of antidotes and extracorporeal treatments.

Morbidity and mortality from toxic alcohols like ethylene glycol and methanol remain prevalent worldwide. The introduction of fomepizole, a potent blocker of alcohol dehydrogenase, has modified current practice over the last 15 years. The aim of the study was to describe the characteristics of toxic alcohol poisoning reported to US poison centers, the trends in the incidence of antidote use and hemodialysis treatment, as well as the related mortality.