Baseline disease characteristics by surgery history among patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) in the global AROMA registry.

Purpose: The global Assessing long-teRm Outcomes in dupiluMAb (AROMA) registry study aims to characterize the long-term, real-world use of dupilumab in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). This paper reports interim analysis of the baseline characteristics for the first 303 patients enrolled in AROMA.

Methods And Materials: AROMA is currently ongoing in adult patients with CRSwNP who initiated dupilumab for up to 36 months.

Plain Language Summary: Immunotherapy for Inhalant Allergy.

The plain language summary explains allergen immunotherapy to patients, families, and caregivers. The summary is for patients aged 5 years and older who are experiencing symptoms from inhalant allergies and are considering immunotherapy as a treatment option. It is based on the 2024 "Clinical Practice Guideline: Immunotherapy for Inhalant Allergy.

Executive Summary of Clinical Practice Guideline on Immunotherapy for Inhalant Allergy.

Objective: Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is the therapeutic exposure to an allergen or allergens selected by clinical assessment and allergy testing to decrease allergic symptoms and induce immunologic tolerance. Inhalant AIT is administered to millions of patients for allergic rhinitis (AR) and allergic asthma (AA) and is most commonly delivered as subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) or sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT). Despite its widespread use, there is variability in the initiation and delivery of safe and effective immunotherapy, and there are opportunities for evidence-based recommendations for improved patient care.

Clinical Practice Guideline: Immunotherapy for Inhalant Allergy.

Objective: Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is the therapeutic exposure to an allergen or allergens selected by clinical assessment and allergy testing to decrease allergic symptoms and induce immunologic tolerance. Inhalant AIT is administered to millions of patients for allergic rhinitis (AR) and allergic asthma (AA) and is most commonly delivered as subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) or sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT). Despite its widespread use, there is variability in the initiation and delivery of safe and effective immunotherapy, and there are opportunities for evidence-based recommendations for improved patient care.

The Burden of Asthma and Allergic Rhinitis: Epidemiology and Health Care Costs.

Allergic rhinitis affects up to 78% of people with asthma, and asthma occurs in 38% of people with allergic rhinitis. Asthma has a prevalence of 8.7% among adults and 6.

International consensus statement on allergy and rhinology: Allergic rhinitis - 2023.

Background: In the 5 years that have passed since the publication of the 2018 International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Allergic Rhinitis (ICAR-Allergic Rhinitis 2018), the literature has expanded substantially. The ICAR-Allergic Rhinitis 2023 update presents 144 individual topics on allergic rhinitis (AR), expanded by over 40 topics from the 2018 document. Originally presented topics from 2018 have also been reviewed and updated.

Clinical Practice Guideline: Opioid Prescribing for Analgesia After Common Otolaryngology Operations Executive Summary.

Objective: Opioid use disorder (OUD), which includes the morbidity of dependence and mortality of overdose, has reached epidemic proportions in the United States. Overprescription of opioids can lead to chronic use and misuse, and unused narcotics after surgery can lead to their diversion. Research supports that most patients do not take all the prescribed opioids after surgery and that surgeons are the second largest prescribers of opioids in the United States.

Clinical Practice Guideline: Opioid Prescribing for Analgesia After Common Otolaryngology Operations.

Objective: Opioid use disorder (OUD), which includes the morbidity of dependence and mortality of overdose, has reached epidemic proportions in the United States. Overprescription of opioids can lead to chronic use and misuse, and unused narcotics after surgery can lead to their diversion. Research supports that most patients do not take all the prescribed opioids after surgery and that surgeons are the second largest prescribers of opioids in the United States.

International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Allergic Rhinitis.

Background: Critical examination of the quality and validity of available allergic rhinitis (AR) literature is necessary to improve understanding and to appropriately translate this knowledge to clinical care of the AR patient. To evaluate the existing AR literature, international multidisciplinary experts with an interest in AR have produced the International Consensus statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Allergic Rhinitis (ICAR:AR).

Methods: Using previously described methodology, specific topics were developed relating to AR.

Advancements and Dilemmas in the Management of Allergy.

Recent advances in the diagnosis and management of allergic disease also lead to new clinical decisions for providers. Advances in component (or molecular) diagnostic testing for allergy continue to build in the literature, but diagnosing inhalant allergy remains largely unchanged clinically. Prevention of allergy has been demonstrated by preventing peanut allergy in high-risk infants by intentional oral exposure to promote tolerance.

Current concepts: diagnosis and management of food allergy in children.

Purpose Of Review: Advances in the prevention and treatment of food allergy have been published in the last few years and are placed in context using a review format.

Recent Findings: Preventing food allergy has been studied for years with questions of whether avoidance or exposure was a better strategy. Recent research has suggested that peanut allergy can be substantially reduced in high-risk infants through intentional oral exposure.

Targeting Quality Improvement in Clinical Practice Guidelines.

Clinical practice guidelines provide key action statements targeted at quality improvements. Areas of potential quality improvement can be identified by exploring known contributors to cognitive errors. Three common contributors to medical error and reduced quality care are (1) the complexity of modern medicine, (2) the tendency to apply cause and effect to random associations, and (3) our bias to our first intuition.

Asthma: definitions and pathophysiology.

Background: Asthma is a common condition due to chronic inflammation of the lower respiratory tract. Chronic lower airway inflammation is known to be more common in individuals that also have inflammatory disorders of the upper airway. The scientific understanding of asthma continues to improve and it is important for providers who treat upper or lower airway inflammation to be familiar with asthma's definition and pathophysiology.

Suppurative cervical lymphadenitis in infancy: microbiology and sociology.

Objective: To investigate the associations between patient age, sociological factors, and the microbiology of pediatric neck infections.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of children up to 5 years old who underwent surgical management of suppurative cervical lymphadenitis.

Results: A total of 76 individuals met inclusion criteria; 93% of culture-positive infections were caused by Staphylococcus aureus in infants, compared with 59% in children between 13 months and 5 years of age (P = .

Clinical practice guideline: allergic rhinitis executive summary.

The American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Foundation (AAO-HNSF) has published a supplement to this issue featuring the new Clinical Practice Guideline: Allergic Rhinitis. To assist in implementing the guideline recommendations, this article summarizes the rationale, purpose, and key action statements. The 14 recommendations developed address the evaluation of patients with allergic rhinitis, including performing and interpretation of diagnostic testing and assessment and documentation of chronic conditions and comorbidities.

Clinical practice guideline: Allergic rhinitis.

Objective: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is one of the most common diseases affecting adults. It is the most common chronic disease in children in the United States today and the fifth most common chronic disease in the United States overall. AR is estimated to affect nearly 1 in every 6 Americans and generates $2 to $5 billion in direct health expenditures annually.

Epidemiology of allergic rhinitis.

Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is the archetypal allergic disease otolaryngologists encounter. Epidemiologic studies inform providers of the association of rhinitis symptoms and allergy test results in the broader population. Understanding the epidemiological characteristics of AR is important for interpreting both rhinitis symptoms and allergy tests.

What is asthma? Pathophysiology, demographics, and health care costs.

Asthma is an obstructive pulmonary disorder with exacerbations characterized by symptoms of shortness of breath, cough, chest tightness, and/or wheezing. Symptoms are caused by chronic airway inflammation. There are multiple cell types and inflammatory mediators involved in its pathophysiology.

Efficacy of environmental controls for inhalant allergies.

Purpose Of Review: This review examines the efficacy of environmental controls as part of the management for inhalant allergic disease (allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma).

Recent Findings: Evidence of efficacy of environmental controls for allergic disease can be categorized into two types of studies: environmental controls reducing measured allergen levels and environmental controls affecting clinical outcomes (e.g.

The Eyes are the Windows of the Soul.

Medical Specialties such as Ophthalmology extend historically back to the beginning of recorded history. Before there was photography to record physical abnormalities of living creatures, there was art and artists who did the recording in their works. Fortunately, many such recordings have been preserved, usually in museums.