Raman spectral imaging of prostate cancer: can Raman molecular imaging be used to augment standard histopathology?

Objective: To evaluate whether Raman molecular imaging (RMI, which combines digital imaging and analytical spectroscopy to evaluate the biochemical composition of interrogated material) can be used to identify biochemical differences in patients with Gleason 7 prostate cancer who progress to metastatic disease and die from prostate cancer.

Patients And Methods: We identified 38 patients who had a radical prostatectomy for Gleason 7 adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Half progressed to metastatic disease and half had no evidence of disease after treatment.

Silodosin for benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Objective: To review the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, clinical trials, and safety of silodosin, a recently approved alpha(1A)-adrenergic receptor (AR) antagonist for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Data Sources: English-only articles obtained from MEDLINE (1966-October 2009) using the search terms silodosin and KMD-3213 were reviewed. In addition, a search of International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (1970-October 2009) was conducted.

Outcome analysis of urethral wall stent insertion with artificial urinary sphincter placement for severe recurrent bladder neck contracture following radical prostatectomy.

Purpose: We present outcome and quality of life analyses for the treatment of post-radical prostatectomy bladder neck contracture with urethral wall stent insertion and subsequent artificial urinary sphincter placement.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis from June 2001 to September 2007 identified 25 consecutive men who underwent urethral wall stent placement for severe, recurrent bladder neck contracture despite aggressive transurethral resection after radical prostatectomy. Assessment of symptoms and quality of life impact from urinary incontinence was conducted with a self-administered, standardized questionnaire.

Artificial urinary sphincter infection: causative organisms in a contemporary series.

Purpose: Traditionally Staphylococcus epidermidis has been the primary organism responsible for genitourinary prosthetic infection. However, the increasing prevalence of S. aureus infection poses a serious problem.

Robot-assisted laparoscopic transvesical diverticulectomy and simple prostatectomy.

Acquired bladder diverticula are often associated with bladder outlet obstruction (BOO). The increased voiding pressures required to overcome the BOO attenuate the detrusor and promote formation of diverticula. These patients may develop urinary tract infections, bladder stones, and incomplete bladder emptying.

Association of abnormal preoperative laboratory values with survival after radical nephrectomy for clinically confined clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Objectives: To determine whether preoperative laboratory values are independently associated with death from clinically confined clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) after radical nephrectomy.

Methods: We identified 1707 patients with clinically confined (pNx/pN0, pM0), unilateral, sporadic clear cell RCC treated with radical nephrectomy between 1970 and 2002. Associations of abnormal preoperative laboratory values including hypercalcemia, anemia, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and elevated alkaline phosphatase with death from RCC were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards regression models, both univariately and multivariately by adjusting for known prognostic features of the 2002 primary tumor classification, tumor size, nuclear grade, and coagulative tumor necrosis.

Analysis of repeat nephron sparing surgery as a treatment option in patients with a solid mass in a renal remnant.

Purpose: We evaluated the safety and oncological efficacy of repeat nephron sparing surgery in a renal remnant.

Materials And Methods: We identified 18 patients who underwent 22 repeat nephron sparing surgeries at our institution between 1970 and 2003. Data regarding clinical characteristics, pathological characteristics and perioperative complication rates were collected.

Increased optical magnification from 2.5x to 4.3x with technical modification lowers the positive margin rate in open radical retropubic prostatectomy.

Purpose: We compared the positive surgical margin rate of 2.5x and 4.3x optical loupe magnification with associated technical improvement during open radical retropubic prostatectomy.

Does preoperative topical antimicrobial scrub reduce positive surgical site culture rates in men undergoing artificial urinary sphincter placement?

Purpose: We determined if the incidence of a perioperative surgical site-positive culture was reduced by a 5-day topical antimicrobial scrub before implantation of an artificial urinary sphincter.

Materials And Methods: A single surgeon prospective cohort study was conducted of 100 consecutive artificial urinary sphincter implants placed between May 2003 and November 2005. We compared 50 men who performed preoperative topical antimicrobial scrub with 4% chlorhexidine to the abdominal site and perineal site with 50 men who used their normal hygiene (soap and water).

Patients with pT1 renal cell carcinoma who die from disease after nephrectomy may have unrecognized renal sinus fat invasion.

Prior studies suggest that the renal sinus permits early tumor spread in otherwise localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC) tumors. We hypothesized that renal sinus fat invasion may be unrecognized in pT1 patients who subsequently die from RCC. Between 1985 and 2002, we identified 577 patients who underwent radical nephrectomy for localized pT1 clear cell RCC as reviewed by a single urologic pathologist (J.

Tandem transcorporal artificial urinary sphincter cuff salvage technique: surgical description and results.

Purpose: Complications associated with placement of artificial urinary sphincter may make reoperation necessary. We present a surgical description and outcome data for tandem transcorporal artificial urinary sphincter salvage technique for nonmechanical artificial urinary sphincter failure.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis from July 2002 to December 2005 identified 198 consecutive men who underwent artificial urinary sphincter placement by a single surgeon (DSE) for postoperative stress urinary incontinence.