Metabolic modulation of cytokine-induced brain endothelial adhesion molecule expression.

Objective: Cytokines contribute to cerebro-vascular inflammatory and immune responses by inducing ECAMs' expression. Ischemic insults can be separated into aglycemic and hypoxic components. However, whether aglycemia, hypoxia or OGD plays a major role in dysregulating BBB or promotes immune cell infiltration via ECAMs' expression is not clear.

Mesenchymal stem cells effectively deliver an oncolytic adenovirus to intracranial glioma.

Gene therapy represents a promising treatment alternative for patients with malignant gliomas. Nevertheless, in the setting of these highly infiltrative tumors, transgene delivery remains a challenge. Indeed, viral vehicles tested in clinical trials often target only those tumor cells that are adjacent to the injection site.

Interaction of microsatellite instability and loss of heterozygosity in adenocarcinoma: multiple markers in adenocarcinoma: an introduction to 'Genetic changes in Slovenian patients with gastric adenocarcinoma evaluated in terms of microsatellite DNA'.

Gastric cancer is the second most frequent cause of cancer death worldwide, yet the precise mechanisms underlying the different subtypes of gastric carcinogenesis are poorly understood. Improvements in the diagnosis and prognosis of gastric cancer over classical clinicopathologic findings such as TNM stage, age or macroscopic tumor type, now include novel techniques for superficial endoscopic examination, and new strategies for genetically analyzing biopsied specimens. The development of gastric adenocarcinomas, such as that of many tumor classes, represents the cumulative effects of several different types of mutations, and it is now recognized that both the loss of normal DNA repair, as well as the mutation, loss or inhibition of tumor suppressor genes contribute to the genetic instability leading to cancer.

Elevated levels of chemokine receptor CXCR4 in HER-2 negative breast cancer specimens predict recurrence.

Introduction: CXCR4 is a chemokine receptor that has recently been implicated to play a pivotal role in breast cancer growth and metastasis. In animal models, reduction of CXCR4 expression significantly abrogated metastatic disease and prolonged survival. In human breast cancers, CXCR4 overexpression may portend a worse clinical course.