Pulmonary veins in the normal lung and pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease.

Despite the importance of pulmonary veins in normal lung physiology and the pathobiology of pulmonary hypertension with left heart disease (PH-LHD), pulmonary veins remain largely understudied. Difficult to identify histologically, lung venous endothelium or smooth muscle cells display no unique characteristic functional and structural markers that distinguish them from pulmonary arteries. To address these challenges, we undertook a search for unique molecular markers in pulmonary veins.

Modern age pathology of pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Rationale: The impact of modern treatments of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) on pulmonary vascular pathology remains unknown.

Objectives: To assess the spectrum of pulmonary vascular remodeling in the modern era of PAH medication.

Methods: Assessment of pulmonary vascular remodeling and inflammation in 62 PAH and 28 control explanted lungs systematically sampled.

Clinical review of pulmonary embolism: diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a common disease causing significant morbidity, mortality, and substantial socioeconomic costs. The correct diagnosis and management of PE, however, offers many challenges. As a result, ongoing research continues to develop and refine new and existing diagnostic and prognostic tools, as well as therapeutic interventions, leading to significant improvements in the care of PE over the past 2 decades.

Ephrin-A5 inhibits growth of embryonic sensory neurons.

EphA-ephrin signaling has recently been implicated in the establishment of motor innervation patterns, in particular in determining whether motor axons project into dorsal versus ventral nerve trunks in the limb. We investigated whether sensory axons, which grow out together with and can be guided by motor axons, are also influenced by Eph-ephrin signaling. We show that multiple EphA receptors are expressed in DRGs when limb innervation is being established, and EphA receptors are present on growth cones of both NGF-dependent (predominantly cutaneous) and NT3-dependent (predominantly proprioceptive) afferents.

The relationship of character structure to persuasive communication in advertising.

The persuasive effect of character structure--defined as a person's organized set of drives, dispositions, and satisfactions with which they approach the world--was assessed in the context of printed advertising. Subjects were exposed to one of two levels of argument strength (strong versus weak) and one of two levels of message spokesperson (celebrity versus noncelebrity) in a printed-advertising task. Subjects classified as Other-directed, individuals who possess a strong need to get along with others, exhibited greater attitudinal responsiveness to the test advertisement as measured on a composite attitude scale than did those classified as Inner-directed, needing to get ahead, or succeed.