Transient Postoperative Hemorrhage from Elbow Arthroscopy Portals following Intra-Articular Pentosan Polysulfate Sodium Injection.

Four adult, client owned dogs with diagnosed bilateral elbow dysplasia undergoing elbow arthroscopy for removal of fragmented medial coronoid process were identified via a retrospective database search, who also received intra-articular administration of pentosan polysulfate sodium (PPS) (Cartrophen Vet, Biopharm Australia Pty Ltd., Bondi Junction, New South Wales). Dogs had postoperative administration of 5 ml PPS injected into each elbow joint following elbow arthroscopy.

Modification of the superficial cervical axial pattern skin flap for oral reconstruction.

Objective: To describe an extended pedicle flap based on the superficial cervical artery (SCA) for closure of oral defects in dogs.

Study Design: Anatomic study; in vivo experimental study.

Animals: Canine cadavers (13) and 3 dogs.