Experimental reservoir computing with diffractively coupled VCSELs.

We present experiments on reservoir computing (RC) using a network of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) that we diffractively couple via an external cavity. Our optical reservoir computer consists of 24 physical VCSEL nodes. We evaluate the system's memory and solve the 2-bit XOR task and the 3-bit header recognition (HR) task with bit error ratios (BERs) below 1% and the 2-bit digital-to-analog conversion (DAC) task with a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.

Injection locking and coupling the emitters of large VCSEL arrays via diffraction in an external cavity.

Networks of semiconductor lasers are the foundation of numerous applications and fundamental investigations in nonlinear dynamics, material processing, lighting, and information processing. However, making the usually narrowband semiconductor lasers within the network interact requires both high spectral homogeneity and a fitting coupling concept. Here, we report how we use diffractive optics in an external cavity to experimentally couple vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) in a 5×5 array.

The Yin and Yang of ERBB4: Tumor Suppressor and Oncoprotein.

ERBB4 (HER4) is a member of the ERBB family of receptor tyrosine kinases, a family that includes the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/ERBB1/HER1), ERBB2 (Neu/HER2), and ERBB3 (HER3). EGFR and ERBB2 are oncoproteins and validated targets for therapeutic intervention in a variety of solid tumors. In contrast, the role that ERBB4 plays in human malignancies is ambiguous.

Chromatic aberration in planar focusing mirrors based on a monolithic high contrast grating.

We present an experimental and theoretical analysis of chromatic aberration in a monolithic metasurface focusing mirror. The planar focusing mirror is based on a monolithic high contrast grating made from GaAs, designed for a wavelength of 980 nm. Light is focused on the high refractive index side of the mirror.

Experimental Demonstration of Light Focusing Enabled by Monolithic High-Contrast Grating Mirrors.

We present the first experimental demonstration of a planar focusing monolithic subwavelength grating mirror. The grating is formed on the surface of GaAs and focuses 980 nm light in one dimension on the high-refractive-index side of the mirror. According to our measurements, the focal length is 475 μm (300 μm of which is GaAs) and the numerical aperture is 0.

Electrically Parallel Three-Element 980 nm VCSEL Arrays with Ternary and Binary Bottom DBR Mirror Layers.

To meet the performance goals of fifth generation (5G) and future sixth generation (6G) optical wireless communication (OWC) and sensing systems, we seek to develop low-cost, reliable, compact lasers capable of sourcing 5-20 Gb/s (ideally up to 100 Gb/s by the 2030s) infrared beams across free-space line-of-sight distances of meters to kilometers. Toward this end, we develop small arrays of electrically parallel vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) for possible future use in short-distance (tens of meters) free-space optical communication and sensing applications in, for example, homes, data centers, manufacturing spaces, and backhaul (pole-to-pole or pole-to-building) optical links. As a starting point, we design, grow by metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy, fabricate, test, and analyze 980 nm top-emitting triple VCSEL arrays.

Tuning of reflection spectrum of a monolithic high-contrast grating by variation of its spatial dimensions.

We report the first experimental parametric analysis of subwavelength monolithic high-contrast grating (MHCG) mirrors. To date, subwavelength grating mirrors have been fabricated by suspending a thin grating membrane in the air or placing it on a low refractive index material - a scheme that requires sophisticated processing and makes the gratings sensitive to mechanical stress, impeding current injection, and heat dissipation if used in active devices. Inherently MHCGs are well suited for optoelectronic devices because they can be fabricated in all possible material systems.

Building Resilience for Wellness: A Faculty Development Resource.

Introduction: The National Academy of Medicine recently published "A Multifaceted Systems Approach to Addressing Stress Within Health Professions Education and Beyond," which calls for greater attention to the wellness of health care providers, students, and educators. Suggested actions include "creating and training positive role models." In order for faculty to role-model behaviors of wellness, they need to understand what this means and how to incorporate it into their lives.

Optimal parameters of monolithic high-contrast grating mirrors.

In this Letter a fully vectorial numerical model is used to search for the construction parameters of monolithic high-contrast grating (MHCG) mirrors providing maximal power reflectance. We determine the design parameters of highly reflecting MHCG mirrors where the etching depth of the stripes is less than two wavelengths in free space. We analyze MHCGs in a broad range of real refractive index values corresponding to most of the common optoelectronic materials in use today.

Microleakage of three conventional glass ionomers using 45Ca and methylene blue.

This study sought to compare the sealing ability of two conventional ionomers and a new intermediate/provisional ionomer formulation using sequential applications of two different tracer methodologies. Thirty freshly extracted (< 6 months) human third molars, stored in 0.1% sodium azide solution, were divided randomly into three experimental groups for preparation of simulated Class V caries at the cementoenamel junction of the facial surfaces.