Does the Unexpected Presence of Non-organ-confined Disease at Final Pathology Undermine Cancer Control in Patients with Clinical T1N0M0 Renal Cell Carcinoma Who Underwent Partial Nephrectomy?

Background: A non-negligible proportion of individuals diagnosed with cT1 renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are upstaged to pT3a at final pathology. Few data on oncological outcomes for these patients are available to determine whether partial nephrectomy (PN) might jeopardise cancer control.

Objective: To assess, within an international multi-institutional collaboration, whether PN might undermine cancer control relative to radical nephrectomy (RN) in RCC patients with unexpected pT3a disease.

Performance characteristics of methods for quantifying spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage: data from the Efficacy of Nitric Oxide in Stroke (ENOS) trial.

Background: Poor prognosis after intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) is related to haemorrhage characteristics. Along with developing therapeutic interventions, we sought to understand the performance of haemorrhage descriptors in large clinical trials.

Methods: Clinical and neuroimaging data were obtained for 548 participants with ICH from the Efficacy of Nitric Oxide in Stroke (ENOS) trial.