'It's Not Like a One-Way Street': Using Photovoice to Understand How College Students With Intellectual Disability Experience Interdependence.

Background: Many people view people with intellectual disability primarily as needing help. That perspective limits relationships and can promote discrimination. We sought to better understand social relationships among young adults with intellectual disability.

Time in childhood extracurricular activity and mental health of young adults with developmental disability.

Background: People with developmental disability have higher rates of mental health problems such as anxiety, depression, psychological distress, or a limited sense of belonging to a community. Extracurricular activity can help children and adolescents build social connections beyond family, increasing social capital, which may promote mental health in the transition into adulthood. Little is known about such associations among people with developmental disability.

Psychological distress is more common in some occupations and increases with job tenure: a thirty-seven year panel study in the United States.

Background: Workers in certain occupations may have elevated risks of psychological distress. However, research is limited. For example, researchers often measure distress that may have existed before occupational exposures.

"Eventually I'm gonna need people": Social capital among college students with developmental disability.

Background And Aims: About 18% of college students have disabilities. Social capital, resources we can tap from relationships, may be particularly valuable for students with disabilities. Yet, disabilities often limit the individual's ability to develop or use social capital.

Identifying developmental disability in national surveys: Addressing the knowledge gap with special education histories.

Background: In the United States nearly 20% of children ages 12-17 have developmental disorders. Some attain population-based developmental milestones after a delay, or increase functioning through special education, medication, technology, or therapy. Others have severe lasting impairments.

Disability in Childhood, Special Education Histories, and Lifetime Health Outcomes in the United States.

We evaluated special education as an indicator of childhood disability and used that indicator to estimate lifetime dependency and life expectancy. Data: Panel Study of Income Dynamics and Health and Retirement Study ( = 20,563). Dependency: Nursing home care or equivalent.

Mental health risks of parents of children with developmental disabilities: A nationally representative study in the United States.

Background: Caring for a child with a developmental disability may affect parents' mental health. There are few longitudinal or nationally representative studies, none on new mental health problems. Studies have few young children, and few adult children.

Work-related asthma in the USA: nationally representative estimates with extended follow-up.

Objective: We studied the associations of working in occupations with high asthma trigger exposures with the prevalence and incidence of asthma, and with ever reporting an asthma diagnosis throughout working life.

Methods: We used the nationally representative Panel Study of Income Dynamics (1968-2015; n=13 957; 205 498 person-years), with annual reports of occupation and asthma diagnoses across 48 years. We compared asthma outcomes in occupations likely to have asthma trigger exposures with those in occupations with limited trigger exposures.

Severe developmental disability and the transition to adulthood.

Background: Developmental disabilities are serious and long-lasting. There are few studies of developmental disability in the transition to adulthood, when the programs that provided support in childhood may no longer be available.

Objective: We studied associations of long-lasting developmental disabilities with health, behaviors, and well-being in adulthood.

Lifetime Disadvantages after Childhood Adversity: Health Problems Limiting Work and Shorter Life.

We examine how childhood adversity relates to work disability and life expectancy, using 1999-2015 data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics. We estimate the probabilities of work disability and death, adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and education in a nationally representative sample of African American, Hispanic, and white women and men. We find that people in all these groups who experienced high adversity childhoods (individuals with four or more of six adversity indicators) had significantly more work disability and shorter lives than those who experienced no adversity.

Is having any prenatal care associated with lower infant mortality in West Africa? Evidence from the Demographic and Health Surveys.

Although developing countries may find it difficult to provide adequate prenatal care, it is likely that they can provide at least some. We examined associations of prenatal care with infant mortality in West Africa. We used data from the Demographic and Health Surveys (n = 57,322) and proportional hazards regression models to estimate the risk of infant mortality.

An Enduring Health Risk of Childhood Adversity: Earlier, More Severe, and Longer Lasting Work Disability in Adult Life.

Objectives: Childhood adversity has been linked with adult health problems. We hypothesized that childhood adversity would also be associated with work limitations due to physical or nervous health problems, known as work disability.

Method: With data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) (1968-2013; n = 6,045; 82,374 transitions; 129,107 person-years) and the 2014 PSID Childhood Retrospective Circumstances Study, we estimated work disability transition probabilities with multinomial logistic Markov models.

Work disability in the United States, 1968-2015: Prevalence, duration, recovery, and trends.

The United States workforce is aging. At the same time more people have chronic conditions, for longer periods. Given these trends the importance of work disability, physical or nervous problems that limit a person's type or amount of work, is increasing.

Adverse Childhood Circumstances and Functional Status Throughout Adult Life.

Objective: We studied the association of childhood adversity with adult functional status.

Method: With data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics and the 2014 Childhood Retrospective Circumstances Study (1992-2013; N = 6,705; 62,885 person-years), we estimated functional status transition probabilities associated with childhood adversity, with multinomial logistic Markov models adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and education. Microsimulation then estimated functional status outcomes throughout adulthood for African American, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic White women and men.

Associations of government health expenditures, the supply of health care professionals, and country literacy with prenatal care use in ten West African countries.

Social and health care context may influence prenatal care use. We studied associations of government health expenditures, supply of health care professionals, and country literacy rates with prenatal care use in ten West African countries, controlling for individual factors. We used data from Demographic and Health Surveys (n = 58,512) and random effect logistic regression models to estimate the likelihood of having any prenatal care and adequate prenatal care.

Associations of Household Wealth and Individual Literacy with Prenatal Care in Ten West African Countries.

Objective To examine associations of household wealth and individual literacy with prenatal care in West Africa. Methods Data on women with recent births in Benin, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Mali, Nigeria, Niger, Senegal and Sierra Leone were obtained from 2006 to 2010 Demographic and Health Surveys (n = 58,512). Separate logistic regressions estimated associations of literacy and wealth quintiles with prenatal care, controlling for age, parity, marital status, rural/urban residence, religion, multiple births, pregnancy wantedness, and the woman's involvement in decision-making at home.

Moxie matters: associations of future orientation with active life expectancy.

Objective: Being oriented toward the future has been associated with better future health. We studied associations of future orientation with life expectancy and the percentage of life with disability.

Method: We used the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (n = 5249).

Associations of Educational Attainment With Disability and Life Expectancy by Race and Gender in the United States.

Objective: This study provides estimates of associations of education with life expectancy and the percentage of remaining life from age 40 with disability.

Method: We used the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, 1999-2011 ( n = 8,763; 94,246 person-years), measuring five education levels. We estimated probabilities of disability and death with multinomial logistic Markov models, and used microsimulations beginning at age 40, controlling for gender, race/ethnicity, age, and disability.

Unemployment, disability and life expectancy in the United States: A life course study.

Background: Unemployment may be associated with health through factors including stress, depression, unhealthy behaviors, reduced health care, and loss of social networks. Little is known about associations of total lifetime unemployment with disability and life expectancy.

Hypothesis: People with high unemployment (≥the median) will live shorter lives with more disability than those with less unemployment.

Assessing a Public Health Intervention for Children in Barbados, 2003-2008.

Introduction: In 2003, Barbados, a developing country with universal health care, launched the Barbados Strategic Plan for Health, a national intervention to promote public health. Teachers, health educators, and clinicians worked to improve children's health, with particular focus on asthma and diabetes. We studied this intervention by using data on preventable hospitalization, an indicator that assesses both the overall effectiveness of public health and access to primary health care.

Prenatal exposure to secondhand smoke may increase the risk of postpartum depressive symptoms.

Background: The harmful effects of smoking during pregnancy on occurrence of postpartum depressive symptoms (PPDS) have been well studied, but there is little research on the association of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure during pregnancy with PPDS. This study aimed to explore the relationship between prenatal exposure to SHS during pregnancy and PPDS.

Methods: The authors analyzed data from 6884 women who participated in the North Carolina Pregnancy Risk Assessment and Monitoring System survey (2004-08).

Associations of multiple chronic health conditions with active life expectancy in the United States.

Purpose: To estimate associations of eight common health conditions with life expectancy (LE) and disabled life expectancy (DLE), the percentage of life disabled in an activity of daily living.

Methods: Data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics represented Americans ages 55+ (1999-2011, n = 2118, mean baseline age 63.3, 19 447 person-years).

Evaluating access to primary health care among older women and men in Barbados using preventable hospitalization.

We evaluated access to primary health care for older women and men in Barbados, a developing country, using a widely accepted access indicator, hospitalization for ambulatory care sensitive conditions. Using 2003-2008 data, we calculated gender-specific total annual population-based rates of these hospitalizations per 1,000 older women and men and individual rates for the six most prevalent conditions. Across the 6 years, these hospitalizations increased 33.