Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)-Induced Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia Presenting as Syncope: A Case Report.

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a condition that causes an individual's immune system to destroy its own red blood cells. Immune cells are activated against the red blood cell antigens to induce hemolysis. Patients typically present with symptomatic anemia when the extent of hemolysis overcomes the bone marrow's ability to compensate.

The impact of COVID-19 and vaccination status on outcomes in veterans with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: The impact of both COVID-19 infection and vaccination status on patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains unknown.

Objective: To determine the impact of COVID-19 infection and vaccination status on 60-day mortality, cardiovascular, and respiratory complications in patients with a prior diagnosis of HNSCC.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study through the Veterans Affairs (VA) Corporate Data Warehouse of Veterans with HNSCC who were tested for COVID-19 during any inpatient VA medical center admission.

Temporal Bone Trauma.

Temporal bone trauma represents a potentially underrecognized condition during head injuries and remains an important consideration during the evaluation of these patients. The temporal bone contains many critical neurovascular structures in addition to the primary organs of the auditory and vestibular systems that may be violated during these injuries. Despite the lack of consensus guidelines on the management of these injuries, this review highlights the current literature regarding the diagnosis and management of temporal bone trauma and its potential complications.

Cardiac anomalies in Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome.

Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome is a rare multi-system disorder associated with cardiac anomalies. All patients with a diagnosis of Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome were identified from our electronic medical record. Chart review was performed to document the presence and types of CHD.

Upper Airway Manifestations of Monkeypox: A Case Report and Literature Review.

The monkeypox virus (MPXV) has spread globally, causing an infection similar to that of smallpox. In July 2022, MPXV was declared an international public health emergency by the World Health Organization. Although the prodromal and cutaneous symptoms are described, the literature is lacking with regard to the upper airway manifestations of the disease.

Repurposable Drugs That Interact with Steroid Responsive Gene Targets for Inner Ear Disease.

Corticosteroids, oral or transtympanic, remain the mainstay for inner ear diseases characterized by hearing fluctuation or sudden changes in hearing, including sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL), Meniere's disease (MD), and autoimmune inner ear disease (AIED). Despite their use across these diseases, the rate of complete recovery remains low, and results across the literature demonstrates significant heterogeneity with respect to the effect of corticosteroids, suggesting a need to identify more efficacious treatment options. Previously, our group has cross-referenced steroid-responsive genes in the cochlea with published single-cell and single-nucleus transcriptome datasets to demonstrate that steroid-responsive differentially regulated genes are expressed in spiral ganglion neurons (SGN) and stria vascularis (SV) cell types.

Reliability of Home Sleep Apnea Testing for Diagnosing Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Patients With Spontaneous Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks.

Study Objectives:  To establish the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in patients with spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (sCSF) leaks and demonstrate the reliability of home sleep apnea testing (HSAT) to screen for OSA in this population.

Methods: A literature review was performed to assess data on OSA prevalence in sCSF leaks. An institutional retrospective review was performed of 20 patients with sCSF leaks who met inclusion criteria.

Health Disparities in Otology: A PRISMA-Based Systematic Review.

Objective: Social determinants of health (SDOHs), including but not limited to sex, race, socioeconomic status, insurance status, and education level, play a significant role in health disparities and affect health outcomes. The purpose of this systematic review is to examine health disparities in otology within the United States and highlight areas warranting further research.

Data Sources: PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE.

Improving Head and Neck Microvascular Reconstructive Care with a Novel Perioperative Checklist.

Objective/hypothesis: To appraise the utility of a novel EMR-based checklist for complex head and neck microvascular free-tissue reconstruction.

Study Design: A prospectively collected retrospective matched cohort study from a single tertiary care academic institution.

Methods: A retrospective matched cohort study from an academic tertiary care center with 76 total patients analyzed for disease-specific and quality outcomes before and after implementation of an EMR-based checklist tailored to complex head and neck care.

Mixed-Dimensional In-Plane Heterostructures from 1D Mo Te and 2D MoTe Synthesized by Te-Flux-Controlled Chemical Vapor Deposition.

Mixed-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures are scientifically important and practically useful because of their interesting exotic properties resulting from their novel hybrid structures. This study reports the composition- and phase-selective fabrication of low-dimensional molybdenum/tellurium (Mo/Te) compounds and the direct synthesis of mixed-dimensional in-plane 1D-2D Mo Te -MoTe heterostructures. The composition and phase of the Mo/Te compounds are controlled by changing the Te atomic flux that is adjusted by the Te temperature.

MoTe Lateral Homojunction Field-Effect Transistors Fabricated using Flux-Controlled Phase Engineering.

The coexistence of metallic and semiconducting polymorphs in transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) can be utilized to solve the large contact resistance issue in TMDC-based field effect transistors (FETs). A semiconducting hexagonal (2H) molybdenum ditelluride (MoTe) phase, metallic monoclinic (1T') MoTe phase, and their lateral homojunctions can be selectively synthesized by chemical vapor deposition due to the small free energy difference between the two phases. Here, we have investigated, in detail, the structural and electrical properties of -grown lateral 2H/1T' MoTe homojunctions grown using flux-controlled phase engineering.

Field Effect Modulation of Heterogeneous Charge Transfer Kinetics at Back-Gated Two-Dimensional MoS Electrodes.

The ability to improve and to modulate the heterogeneous charge transfer kinetics of two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors, such as MoS, is a major challenge for electrochemical and photoelectrochemical applications of these materials. Here we report a continuous and reversible physical method for modulating the heterogeneous charge transfer kinetics at a monolayer MoS working electrode supported on a SiO/p-Si substrate. The heavily doped p-Si substrate serves as a back gate electrode; application of a gate voltage (V) to p-Si tunes the electron occupation in the MoS conduction band and shifts the conduction band edge position relative to redox species dissolved in electrolyte in contact with the front side of the MoS.

Aligned MoO/MoS and MoO/MoTe Freestanding Core/Shell Nanoplates Driven by Surface Interactions.

Controlling the growth of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) is an important step toward utilizing these materials for either electronics or catalysis. Here, we report a new surface-templated growth method that enables the fabrication of MoO/MoS and MoO/MoTe core/shell nanoplates epitaxially aligned on (0001)-oriented 4H-silicon carbide and sapphire substrates. These heterostructures are characterized by a variety of techniques to identify the chemical and structural nature of the interface.

In-Plane 2H-1T' MoTe Homojunctions Synthesized by Flux-Controlled Phase Engineering.

The fabrication of in-plane 2H-1T' MoTe homojunctions by the flux-controlled, phase-engineering of few-layer MoTe from Mo nanoislands is reported. The phase of few-layer MoTe is controlled by simply changing Te atomic flux controlled by the temperature of the reaction vessel. Few-layer 2H MoTe is formed with high Te flux, while few-layer 1T' MoTe is obtained with low Te flux.

Seed Crystal Homogeneity Controls Lateral and Vertical Heteroepitaxy of Monolayer MoS2 and WS2.

Heteroepitaxy between transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) monolayers can fabricate atomically thin semiconductor heterojunctions without interfacial contamination, which are essential for next-generation electronics and optoelectronics. Here we report a controllable two-step chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process for lateral and vertical heteroepitaxy between monolayer WS2 and MoS2 on a c-cut sapphire substrate. Lateral and vertical heteroepitaxy can be selectively achieved by carefully controlling the growth of MoS2 monolayers that are used as two-dimensional (2D) seed crystals.

P-cadherin potentiates ligand-dependent EGFR and IGF-1R signaling in dysplastic and malignant oral keratinocytes.

Oral and oropharyngeal cancer together constitute the sixth most common cancer worldwide, with over 400,000 new cases diagnosed each year. Early detection is paramount, as the 5-year survival rate for these cancers decreases markedly once tumors have become regionally invasive. In many tissues, including oral epithelia, neoplastic progression is accompanied by alterations in expression of the epithelial cell adhesion molecules E-cadherin and P-cadherin.

Metal oxide nanoparticle growth on graphene via chemical activation with atomic oxygen.

Chemically interfacing the inert basal plane of graphene with other materials has limited the development of graphene-based catalysts, composite materials, and devices. Here, we overcome this limitation by chemically activating epitaxial graphene on SiC(0001) using atomic oxygen. Atomic oxygen produces epoxide groups on graphene, which act as reactive nucleation sites for zinc oxide nanoparticle growth using the atomic layer deposition precursor diethyl zinc.

Femtosecond electron solvation at the ionic liquid/metal electrode interface.

Electron solvation is examined at the interface of a room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) and an Ag(111) electrode. Femtosecond two-photon photoemission spectroscopy is used to inject an electron into an ultrathin film of RTIL 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([Bmpyr](+)[NTf2](-)). While much of current literature highlights slower nanosecond solvation mechanisms in bulk ionic liquids, we observe only a femtosecond response, supporting morphology dependent and interface specific electron solvation mechanisms.

Templating sub-10 nm atomic layer deposited oxide nanostructures on graphene via one-dimensional organic self-assembled monolayers.

Molecular-scale control over the integration of disparate materials on graphene is a critical step in the development of graphene-based electronics and sensors. Here, we report that self-assembled monolayers of 10,12-pentacosadiynoic acid (PCDA) on epitaxial graphene can be used to template the reaction and directed growth of atomic layer deposited (ALD) oxide nanostructures with sub-10 nm lateral resolution. PCDA spontaneously assembles into well-ordered domains consisting of one-dimensional molecular chains that coat the entire graphene surface in a manner consistent with the symmetry of the underlying graphene lattice.

Quantitatively enhanced reliability and uniformity of high-κ dielectrics on graphene enabled by self-assembled seeding layers.

The full potential of graphene in integrated circuits can only be realized with a reliable ultrathin high-κ top-gate dielectric. Here, we report the first statistical analysis of the breakdown characteristics of dielectrics on graphene, which allows the simultaneous optimization of gate capacitance and the key parameters that describe large-area uniformity and dielectric strength. In particular, vertically heterogeneous and laterally homogeneous Al2O3 and HfO2 stacks grown via atomic-layer deposition and seeded by a molecularly thin perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride organic monolayer exhibit high uniformities (Weibull shape parameter β > 25) and large breakdown strengths (Weibull scale parameter, E(BD) > 7 MV/cm) that are comparable to control dielectrics grown on Si substrates.

Atomic covalent functionalization of graphene.

Although graphene's physical structure is a single atom thick, two-dimensional, hexagonal crystal of sp(2) bonded carbon, this simple description belies the myriad interesting and complex physical properties attributed to this fascinating material. Because of its unusual electronic structure and superlative properties, graphene serves as a leading candidate for many next generation technologies including high frequency electronics, broadband photodetectors, biological and gas sensors, and transparent conductive coatings. Despite this promise, researchers could apply graphene more routinely in real-world technologies if they could chemically adjust graphene's electronic properties.

Probing the Structure and Chemistry of Perylenetetracarboxylic Dianhydride on Graphene Before and After Atomic Layer Deposition of Alumina.

The superlative electronic properties of graphene suggest its use as the foundation of next generation integrated circuits. However, this application requires precise control of the interface between graphene and other materials, especially the metal oxides that are commonly used as gate dielectrics. Towards that end, organic seeding layers have been empirically shown to seed ultrathin dielectric growth on graphene via atomic layer deposition (ALD), although the underlying chemical mechanisms and structural details of the molecule/dielectric interface remain unknown.

Antitachycardia pacing reduces appropriate and inappropriate shocks in children and congenital heart disease patients.

Background: Antitachycardia pacing (ATP) can reduce implantable cardioverter-defibrillator shocks, but its use in children and patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) is not well described.

Objective: To review the efficacy of ATP in children and patients with CHD.

Methods: We reviewed implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapies in children and patients with CHD (aged 2-52 years) at our institution.

Chemically homogeneous and thermally reversible oxidation of epitaxial graphene.

With its exceptional charge mobility, graphene holds great promise for applications in next-generation electronics. In an effort to tailor its properties and interfacial characteristics, the chemical functionalization of graphene is being actively pursued. The oxidation of graphene via the Hummers method is most widely used in current studies, although the chemical inhomogeneity and irreversibility of the resulting graphene oxide compromises its use in high-performance devices.