Patterns of antiseizure medications prescribing in people with intellectual disability and epilepsy: A narrative review and analysis.

People with intellectual disabilities (PwID) have a bidirectional relationship with epilepsy. Nearly 25% of PwID have seizures and 30% people with epilepsy are thought to have a significant intellectual impairment. Furthermore, 70% of PwID are thought to have treatment-resistant epilepsy.

Mortality risk in adults with intellectual disabilities and epilepsy: an England and Wales case-control study.

Background: People with epilepsy (PWE) and people with intellectual disabilities (ID) both live shorter lives than the general population and both conditions increase the risk of death further. We aimed to measure associations between certain risk factors for death in PWE and ID.

Methods: A retrospective case-control study was conducted in ten regions in England and Wales.

Antiseizure medications prescribing for behavioural and psychiatric concerns in adults with an intellectual disability living in England.

Antiseizure medications (ASMs) are the second most widely prescribed psychotropic for people with intellectual disabilities in England. Multiple psychotropic prescribing is prevalent in almost half of people with intellectual disabilities on ASMs. This analysis identifies limited evidence of ASM benefit in challenging behaviour management and suggests improvements needed to inform clinical practice.

Epilepsy related multimorbidity, polypharmacy and risks in adults with intellectual disabilities: a national study.

Background: A quarter of people with Intellectual Disability (ID) in the UK have epilepsy compared to 0.6% in the general population and die much younger. Epilepsy is associated with two-fifths of all deaths with related polypharmacy and multi-morbidity.

Seizure and Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy (SUDEP) characteristics in an urban UK intellectual disability service.

Purpose: This study identifies epilepsy-related characteristics and SUDEP risk factors in people with epilepsy (PWE) attending an urban community ID service in the UK where managing epilepsy is not part of the service remit, to understand the care provided to this vulnerable population.

Methods: An electronic database search in a north London community ID service (catchment population approx. 290,000) identified relevant ID/epilepsy characteristics in PWE to compare those with mild ID to moderate-profound ID.

Editor's Choice - Calcification of Thoracic and Abdominal Aneurysms is Associated with Mortality and Morbidity.

Introduction: Cardiovascular events are common in people with aortic aneurysms. Arterial calcification is a recognised predictor of cardiovascular outcomes in coronary artery disease. Whether calcification within abdominal and thoracic aneurysm walls is correlated with poor cardiovascular outcomes is not known.

Mechanochemical Ablation for Treatment of Truncal Venous Insufficiency: A Review of the Current Literature.

Mechanochemical ablation (MOCA) is a nonthermal nontumescent technique used in the treatment of superficial venous disease. This review analyzed the available data on the efficacy and safety of MOCA. A systematic literature search was performed.

Gradient between dorsalis pedis and radial arterial blood pressures during sevoflurane anaesthesia: A self-control study in patients undergoing neurosurgery.

Background: The dorsalis pedis artery (DPA) is a good alternative to the radial artery (RA) for invasive blood pressure monitoring when the upper limb is burned or injured, or if the RA is not available. Understanding the pattern of pressure difference between DPA and the commonly used RA during inhalational anaesthesia is helpful for haemodynamic management and therapeutic decisions.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the time-dependent variation of DPA-to-RA pressure gradient during sevoflurane anaesthesia and the overall difference between the two pressures during neurosurgery, together with the causes of the pressure gradient change.

Dexmedetomidine attenuates oxidative stress induced lung alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis in vitro.

Background: Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the lung injuries of critical ill patients. This study investigates the protection conferred by α 2 adrenoceptor agonist dexmedetomidine (Dex) from lung alveolar epithelial cell injury induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: The lung alveolar epithelial cell line, A549, was cultured and then treated with 500 μM H2O2 with or without Dex (1 nM) or Dex in combination with atipamezole (10 nM), an antagonist of α 2 receptors.

Necroptosis and parthanatos are involved in remote lung injury after receiving ischemic renal allografts in rats.

Early renal graft injury could result in remote pulmonary injury due to kidney-lung cross talk. Here we studied the possible role of regulated necrosis in remote lung injury in a rat allogeneic transplantation model. In vitro, human lung epithelial cell A549 was challenged with TNF-α and conditioned medium from human kidney proximal tubular cells (HK-2) after hypothermia-hypoxia insults.

Odontoma of the middle ear: case report with 25-year follow-up.

We report the 25-year follow-up on the first reported case of odontoma in the middle ear. Diagnosis of odontoma had been made on the basis of radiography films that showed a middle ear mass with multiple toothlike areas of radiopacity. No clinical intervention was recommended.

Lipoblastomatosis of the neck causing hemiparesis: a case report and review of the literature.

Background: Lipoblastoma and lipoblastomatosis are rare pediatric adipose tumors that sometimes affect the neck or spinal cord. This case is the third report of lipoblastoma extending into the spinal canal, the first report of intradural tumor extension, and the first report of hemiparesis resulting from lipoblastoma compressing the spinal cord.

Methods: A 13-month-old boy was seen by a pediatrician for a firm, supraclavicular neck mass on the left side.