Solubility of aerosol minor and trace elements in Xiamen Island, Southeast China: Size distribution, health risk and dry deposition.

Aerosol element solubility is essential to evaluate the damage to the environment and human health. In this work, the size distribution of total and soluble elements in eight particle size ranges with diameter <0.25, 0.

Size distributions and dry deposition fluxes of water-soluble inorganic nitrogen in atmospheric aerosols in Xiamen Bay, China.

Unlabelled: Size-segregated aerosol particles were collected using a high volume MOUDI sampler at a coastal urban site in Xiamen Bay, China, from March 2018 to June 2020 to examine the seasonal characteristics of aerosol and water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIIs) and the dry deposition of nitrogen species. During the study period, the annual average concentrations of PM, PM, PM, and TSP were 14.8 ± 5.

Size distributions and health risks of particle-bound toxic elements in the southeast coastland of China.

Size-fractionated samples were collected at five coastal urban sites in Fujian Province, southeast China, in 2016 and 2017 to determine the trace elements using ICP-MS. Ca, Fe, Al, Mg, and K were the most abundant elements among the studied elements in TSP, much higher than those of heavy metals. The annual mean concentrations of Pb, As, V, Ni, Cd, and Mn were within the acceptable limits of the World Health Organization and the Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China while Cr(VI) exceeded the limits.

Ambient PM organic and elemental carbon in New York City: Changing source contributions during a decade of large emission reductions.

Fine particle (PM) exposure is a public health issue affecting millions of people worldwide. In New York State, significant emission reductions occurred during the past decades due to fuel switching, increased renewable energy, and transformations in buildings and transportation. Between 2002 and 2018, anthropogenic emissions of CO, NO, SO, VOCs, and primary PM declined by 58%, 61%, 89%, 47%, and 29%, respectively, in New York and three adjoining states.

Long Island enhanced aerosol event during 2018 LISTOS: Association with heatwave and marine influences.

The co-occurrence of enhancement in aerosol concentration, temperatures, and ozone mixing ratio was observed between June 29 and July 4, 2018 (enhanced period, EP) on Long Island (LI) and the greater NYC metropolitan area during part of the 2018 Long Island Sound Tropospheric Ozone Study (LISTOS). Two aerosol formation pathways were identified during the EP, the first being the condensation of semi- and intermediate volatility oxidation products of anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (AVOCs) under stagnant synoptic flow conditions, high temperatures and afternoon sea-breeze circulation. While this first pathway was prevalent, the most abundant organic aerosol factor was less oxidized oxygenated organic aerosol or LO-OOA.

Plume analysis from field evaluations of a portable air quality monitoring system.

Near-road measurements in Rochester, NY with a Portable Air Quality Monitoring System indicate a significant plume control of PM black carbon (BC) concentrations. This study evaluates the performance of two portable air quality enclosures deployed at collocated research sites to determine their accuracy and usefulness in field deployments, and specifically in pollution plume analysis. One system deployed collocated sensors for measurement of particulate matter mass concentration (Thermo pDR 1500 against Tapered Element Oscillating Microbalance (TEOM) measurement) and the second system deployed sensors for measurement of black carbon (Magee AE33 aethalometer and Brechtel Tricolor Absorption Photometer) in ambient and near-road locations in Rochester, New York, respectively.

Nitrogen isotope composition of ammonium in PM in the Xiamen, China: impact of non-agricultural ammonia.

Since NH is a significant precursor to ammonium in PM and contributes significantly to atmospheric nitrogen deposition but largely remains unregulated in China, the insight into the source of NH emissions by the isotopic investigation is important in controlling NH emissions. In this study, atmospheric concentrations of NH and water-soluble ion composition in PM as well as nitrogen isotope ratios in NH (δN-NH) in Xiamen, China, were measured. Results showed that average NH concentration for the five sites in Xiamen was 7.

Ozone, trace gas, and particulate matter measurements at a rural site in southwestern New York state: 1995-2005.

A research site for atmospheric chemistry and air pollution measurements was established at Pinnacle State Park in Addison, NY, in 1995. This paper presents an overview of the site characteristics and measurement program, as well as monthly average concentrations for many of the trace gas and aerosol pollutants over the full measurement period. Monthly averaged ozone concentrations range from values as low as 15 parts per billion (ppb) during cold-season months, to values approaching 50 ppb during some spring and summer months.

A laboratory intercomparison of real-time gaseous ammonia measurement methods.

Six different measurement methods (and seven instruments) for the measurement of gaseous ammonia at low part-per-billion levels were compared simultaneously in a laboratory setting. The instruments were the tunable diode laser (TDL) absorption spectrometer, the wet scrubbing long-path absorption photometer (LOPAP), the wet effusive diffusion denuder (WEDD), the ion mobility spectrometer (IMS), the Nitrolux laser acousto-optical absorption analyzer, and a modified chemiluminescence analyzer. With the exception of the modified chemiluminescence analyzer, the instruments performed well and, understable calibration conditions, generally agreed to within about 25% of the expected calibration value.

New York State urban and rural measurements of continuous PM2.5 mass by FDMS, TEOM, and BAM.

Field evaluations and comparisons of continuous fine particulate matter (PM2,5) mass measurement technologies at an urban and a rural site in New York state are performed. The continuous measurement technologies include the filter dynamics measurement system (FDMS) tapered element oscillating microbalance (TEOM) monitor, the stand-alone TEOM monitor (without the FDMS), and the beta attenuation monitor (BAM). These continuous measurement methods are also compared with 24-hr integrated filters collected and analyzed under the Federal Reference Method (FRM) protocol.

Long-term field characterization of tapered element oscillating microbalance and modified tapered element oscillating microbalance samplers in urban and rural New York State locations.

Long-term field comparisons of continuous and integrated filter measurements of mass concentrations of particulate matter (PM) with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 2.5 microm (PM2.5) were performed at rural and urban sites in New York State.

Laboratory characterization of modified tapered element oscillating microbalance samplers.

Laboratory tests with generated aerosols were conducted to test the efficacy of two recent design modifications to the well-established tapered element oscillating microbalance (TEOM) continuous particulate matter (PM) mass monitor. The two systems tested were the sample equilibration system-equipped TEOM monitor operating at 30 degrees C, which uses a Nafion dryer as part of the sample inlet, and the differential TEOM monitor, which adds a switched electrostatic precipitator and uses a self-referencing algorithm to determine "true PM mass." Test aerosols included ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, sodium chloride, copper (II) sulfate, and mixed aerosols.

Semicontinuous PM2.5 sulfate and nitrate measurements at an urban and a rural location in New York: PMTACS-NY summer 2001 and 2002 campaigns.

Several collocated semicontinuous instruments measuring particulate matter with particle sizes < or =2.5 microm (PM2.5) sulfate (SO4(2-)) and nitrate (NO3-) were intercompared during two intensive field campaigns as part of the PM2.