Reply to Treasure et al. Comment on "Ambrogi et al. Lung Metastasectomy: Where Do We Stand? Results from an Italian Multicentric Prospective Database. 2024, , 3106".

We would like to express our sincere gratitude for the thoughtful reflections on our recent study regarding pulmonary metastasectomy, and we greatly appreciate the constructive dialog that our work has sparked [...

Lefamulin for treatment failure in Australia and the USA: a case series and pilot open-label parallel arm randomised trial.

Objectives: (MG) causes urethritis and is associated with cervicitis, pelvic inflammatory disease and preterm delivery. Antimicrobial resistance is widespread and cure rates are declining. Lefamulin, a novel pleuromutilin, may be effective in cases of treatment failure.

Integration of Jail Booking and HIV Surveillance Data to Facilitate Care Coordination.

Many people with HIV (PWH) in jail have not been well engaged in HIV treatment in the community. This study aimed to assess the impact of a data exchange paired with care coordination for PWH on HIV outcomes after jail release. We developed an automated process to match jail booking records with HIV surveillance data.

Partner Characteristics and HIV Outcomes Among Partners Reached by Phone Versus In-Person for Assisted Partner Services in Western Kenya.

Background: Assisted partner services (APS) is an effective strategy for testing people with undiagnosed HIV, but there is limited information on the relative reach and effectiveness of phone versus in-person contact.

Methods: We analyzed data from 31 facilities in Western Kenya providing APS to female index clients newly HIV diagnosed, their male partners, and female partners of men newly HIV diagnosed. Assisted partner services providers attempted contacting partners using phone first and, if unsuccessful, in-person in the community.

A next-generation, histological atlas of the human brain and its application to automated brain MRI segmentation.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the standard tool to image the human brain In this domain, digital brain atlases are essential for subject-specific segmentation of anatomical regions of interest (ROIs) and spatial comparison of neuroanatomy from different subjects in a common coordinate frame. High-resolution, digital atlases derived from histology (e.g.

Data-Driven Implementation Strategy to Optimise Clinician Behaviour Change at Scale in Complex Clinical Environments: A Multicentre Emergency Care Study.

Aim: To develop an evidence-driven, behaviour change focused strategy to maximise implementation and uptake of HIRAID (History including Infection risk, Red flags, Assessment, Interventions, Diagnostics, communication and reassessment) in 30 Australian rural, regional and metropolitan emergency departments.

Design: An embedded, mixed-methods study.

Methods: This study is the first phase of a step-wedge cluster randomised control trial of HIRAID involving over 1300 emergency nurses.

Adjusting for incomplete baseline covariates in randomized controlled trials: a cross-world imputation framework.

In randomized controlled trials, adjusting for baseline covariates is commonly used to improve the precision of treatment effect estimation. However, covariates often have missing values. Recently, Zhao and Ding studied two simple strategies, the single imputation method and missingness-indicator method (MIM), to handle missing covariates and showed that both methods can provide an efficiency gain compared to not adjusting for covariates.

Childhood-onset type 1 diabetes and subsequent adult psychiatric disorders: a nationwide cohort and genome-wide Mendelian randomization study.

Childhood-onset type 1 diabetes (T1D) is associated with substantial psychiatric morbidity in later life, but it remains unknown whether these associations are due to common underlying biological mechanisms or the impacts of living with the condition and its treatment. Here, using Czech national register data, we identified children with T1D aged ≤14 years between 1994 and 2007 and estimated the risk of psychiatric disorders up to 24 years later. We found that children diagnosed with T1D had an elevated risk of developing substance use, mood, anxiety and personality disorders, and behavioral syndromes.

Age-related differences in how the shape of alpha and beta oscillations change during reaction time tasks.

While the shape of cortical oscillations is increasingly recognised to be physiologically and functionally informative, its relevance to the aging motor system has not been established. We therefore examined the shape of alpha and beta band oscillations recorded at rest, as well as during performance of simple and go/no-go reaction time tasks, in 33 young (23.3 ± 2.

The Impact of Stigma and Sexual Identity on PrEP Awareness and Use Among At-Risk Men Who Have Sex With Men in Four U.S. Cities (HPTN 078).

Persistent pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use reduces the risk of HIV infection, yet uptake lags among those with the greatest need. Sexual identity stigma may be a significant barrier to PrEP awareness and use among high-risk communities. The primary aim of this study was to determine whether sexual identity was related to PrEP awareness and use.

Evolution of Material Properties and Residual Stress with Increasing Number of Passes in Aluminium Structure Printed via Additive Friction Stir Deposition.

Additive friction stir deposition (AFSD) is an emerging solid-state additive manufacturing process with a high deposition rate. Being a non-fusion additive manufacturing (AM) process, it significantly eliminates problems related to melting such as cracking or high residual stresses. Therefore, it is possible to process reactive materials or high-strength alloys with high susceptibility to cracking.

Analyzing pain patterns in the emergency department: Leveraging clinical text deep learning models for real-world insights.

Objective: To determine the incidence of patients presenting in pain to a large Australian inner-city emergency department (ED) using a clinical text deep learning algorithm.

Materials And Methods: A fine-tuned, domain-specific, transformer-based clinical text deep learning model was used to interpret free-text nursing assessments in the electronic medical records of 235,789 adult presentations to the ED over a three-year period. The model classified presentations according to whether the patient had pain on arrival at the ED.

Effectiveness of Using Additional HIV Self-Test Kits as an Incentive to Increase HIV Testing Within Assisted Partner Services.

Background: Incentives have shown mixed results in increasing HIV testing rates in low-resource settings. We investigated the effectiveness of offering additional self-tests (HIVSTs) as an incentive to increase testing among partners receiving assisted partner services (APS).

Setting: Western Kenya.

Effectiveness of HIV self-testing when offered within assisted partner services in Western Kenya (APS-HIVST Study): a cluster randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Assisted partner services (APS) is an effective strategy for increasing HIV testing, new diagnosis, and linkage to care among sexual partners of people living with HIV (PLWH). APS can be resource intensive as it requires community tracing to locate each partner named and offer them testing. There is limited evidence for the effectiveness of offering HIV self-testing (HIVST) as an option for partner testing within APS.

Lung Metastasectomy: Where Do We Stand? Results from an Italian Multicentric Prospective Database.

: The surgical resection of pulmonary metastases is considered a therapeutic option in selected cases. In light of this, we present the results from a national multicenter prospective registry of lung metastasectomy. : This retrospective analysis involves data collected prospectively and consecutively in a national multicentric Italian database, including patients who underwent lung metastasectomy.

Robust analysis of stepped wedge trials using composite likelihood models.

Stepped wedge trials (SWTs) are a type of cluster randomized trial that involve repeated measures on clusters and design-induced confounding between time and treatment. Although mixed models are commonly used to analyze SWTs, they are susceptible to misspecification particularly for cluster-longitudinal designs such as SWTs. Mixed model estimation leverages both "horizontal" or within-cluster information and "vertical" or between-cluster information.

Cost-Effectiveness and Budget Impact Analysis of the Implementation of Differentiated Service Delivery Models for HIV Treatment in Mozambique: a Modelling Study.

Introduction: In 2018, the Mozambique Ministry of Health launched guidelines for implementing differentiated service delivery models (DSDMs) to optimize HIV service delivery, improve retention in care, and ultimately reduce HIV-associated mortality. The models were fast-track, 3-month antiretrovirals dispensing, community antiretroviral therapy groups, adherence clubs, family approach and three one-stop shop models: adolescent-friendly health services, maternal and child health, and tuberculosis. We conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis and budget impact analysis to compare these models to conventional services.

Fatigue Crack Growth Rates and Crack Tip Opening Loads in CT Specimens Made of SDSS and Manufactured Using WAAM.

Additive manufacturing offers greater flexibility in the design and fabrication of structural components with complex shapes. However, the use of additively manufactured parts for load-bearing structural applications, specifically involving cyclic loading, requires a thorough investigation of material fatigue properties. These properties can be affected by many factors, including residual stresses and crack tip shielding mechanisms, which can be very different from those of conventionally manufactured materials.

Determinants of Type-Specific Human Papillomavirus Concordance Across Anatomic Sites in Young Men Who Have Sex With Men and Transgender Women, 3 U.S. Cities, 2016-2018.

Background: Among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW), the dynamics of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections at different anatomical sites are not well understood. Information on HPV concordance between anatomic sites can inform the extent of autoinoculation, and susceptibility of different anatomic areas to HPV infection. We described and assessed correlates of HPV concordance across anal, oral, and genital samples.