Perceptions of theatre team members to robotic assisted surgery and the aid of technology in colorectal surgery.

The implementation of robotic assisted surgery (RAS) has brought in a change to the perception and roles of theatre staff, as well as the dynamics of the operative environment and team. This study aims to identify and describe current perceptions of theatre staff in the context of RAS. 12 semi-structured interviews were conducted in a tertiary level university hospital, where RAS is utilised in selected elective settings.

Relationship between the m-FI 11 score and 2-year survival in octogenarians undergoing colorectal cancer resection.

Introduction: The modified Frailty Index (m-FI) offers a simple scoring tool, predicting short-term outcomes in elderly colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. However, links between m-FI scores and 2-year postoperative mortality in octogenarian CRC resection patients remain underexplored. A streamlined frailty index can aid in preoperative assessments to identify elderly patients who are likely to live longer after curative resection surgery to then tailor postoperative care.

Circumferential resection margin positivity due to direct or indirect tumour involvement in rectal cancer - a call for better stratification.

Background: A positive circumferential resection margin (CRM) after rectal cancer surgery, which can be the result of direct or indirect tumour involvement, has consistently been associated with increased local recurrence and poorer survival. However, little is known of the differential impact of the mode of tumour involvement on outcomes.

Methods: 1460 consecutive patients undergoing rectal cancer resection between 2003 and 2018 were retrospectively assessed.

Postoperative decline in renal function after rectal resection and all-cause mortality: a retrospective cohort study.

Aim: Fluid loss, dehydration and resultant kidney injury are common when a diverting ileostomy is formed during rectal cancer surgery, the consequences of which are unknown. The aim of this retrospective single-site cohort study is to evaluate the impact of sustained postoperative renal dysfunction after rectal resection on long-term renal impairment and survival.

Method: All patients with rectal adenocarcinoma undergoing resection between January 2003 and March 2017 were included, with follow-up to June 2020.

Comparative effectiveness of pathological techniques to improve lymph node yield from colorectal cancer specimens: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

A number of randomised controlled trials (RCT) have compared different techniques to improve lymph node yield (LNY) in colorectal cancer specimens, but data on comparative effectiveness are sparse. Our aim was to compare the relative effectiveness and rank all available techniques. A systematic search of Embase, Cochrane, PubMed and Scopus was performed for randomised trials.

Implementing supportive exercise interventions in the colorectal cancer care pathway: a process evaluation of the PREPARE-ABC randomised controlled trial.

Background: A colorectal resection is standard treatment for patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the procedure results in significant post-operative mortality and reduced quality of life. Maximising pre-operative cardiopulmonary fitness could improve post-surgical outcomes.

Physical activity advice in the UK bowel cancer screening setting: qualitative healthcare professional perspectives.

Providing physical activity advice in the bowel cancer screening setting could help to reduce the risk of cancer and cardiometabolic disease in older adults. This study investigated the views of healthcare professionals (HCPs) regarding the provision of physical activity advice as part of the UK Bowel Cancer Screening Programme. A purposive sample of HCPs (aged 22-63 years, with 1-26 years of experience) from four bowel cancer screening disciplines (four endoscopists, four colorectal surgeons, four staff nurses and four specialist screening practitioners) were recruited from a large National Health Service gastroenterology unit.

Risk and consequences of dehydration following colorectal cancer resection with diverting ileostomy. A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aim: This systematic review aims to assess dehydration prevalence and dehydration-related morbidity from diverting ileostomy compared to resections without ileostomy formation in adults undergoing colorectal resection for cancer.

Method: MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched for studies of any design that reported dehydration, renal function and dehydration-related morbidity in adult colorectal cancer patients with diverting ileostomy (last search 12 August 2020).

Technical and Clinical Outcomes After Colorectal Stenting in Malignant Large Bowel Obstruction: A Single-Center Experience.

Purpose: Malignant large bowel obstruction is a surgical emergency that requires urgent decompression. Stents are increasingly being used, though reported outcomes are variable. We describe our multidisciplinary experience in using stents to manage malignant large bowel obstruction.

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Post-operative Complications Following Major Gastrointestinal Surgery: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: The human genome is an under-researched area of pre-operative risk stratification. Studies of genetic polymorphisms and their associations with acute post-operative complications in gastrointestinal surgery have reported statistically significant results, but have varied in methodology, genetic variations studied, and conclusions reached. To provide clarity, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms and their association with post-operative complications after major gastrointestinal surgery.

The Role of Self-Determination in Changing Physical Activity Behavior in People Diagnosed With Bowel Polyps: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

This nonblinded randomized controlled trial investigated the efficacy of a physical activity (PA) intervention underpinned by self-determination theory. Participants (N = 31, mean age 69 years [SD = 4.9]) diagnosed with bowel polyps were randomized to an active lifestyle program (ALP; n = 17) or standard care (n = 14).

Method of pedicle division during laparoscopic right hemicolectomy affects lymph node yield and short-term outcomes.

Background: Several ways of performing laparoscopic right hemicolectomy (RHC) have evolved. The vascular pedicle can be divided into extracorporeal (RHC-EC) or intracorporeal (RHC-IC). It is not known whether vessel ligation during RHC-EC is as central as during RHC-IC.

Assessing the quality of primary care referrals to surgery of patients with diabetes in the East of England: A multi-centre cross-sectional cohort study.

Aim: Peri-operative hyperglycaemia is associated with an increased incidence of adverse outcomes. Communication between primary and secondary care is paramount to minimise these harms. National guidance in the UK recommends that the glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) should be measured within 3 months prior to surgery and that the concentration should be less that 69 mmol/mol (8.

Validation of the IPAQ Against Different Accelerometer Cut-Points in Older Cancer Survivors and Adults at Risk of Cancer.

The present study investigated the convergent validity of an interview-administered IPAQ long version (IPAQ-L) in an older population by comparison with objective accelerometry movement data. Data from 52 participants (mean age 67.9 years, 62% male) were included in the analysis.

Canonical Wnt signals combined with suppressed TGFβ/BMP pathways promote renewal of the native human colonic epithelium.

Background: A defining characteristic of the human intestinal epithelium is that it is the most rapidly renewing tissue in the body. However, the processes underlying tissue renewal and the mechanisms that govern their coordination have proved difficult to study in the human gut.

Objective: To investigate the regulation of stem cell-driven tissue renewal by canonical Wnt and TGFβ/bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) pathways in the native human colonic epithelium.

The colon-selective spasmolytic otilonium bromide inhibits muscarinic M(3) receptor-coupled calcium signals in isolated human colonic crypts.

1. Otilonium bromide (OB) is a smooth muscle relaxant used in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. Otilonium bromide has been shown to interfere with the mobilization of calcium in intestinal smooth muscle, but the effects on other intestinal tissues have not been investigated.