Gun energy filter for a low energy electron microscope.

In a Low Energy Electron Microscope (LEEM) the sample is illuminated with an electron beam with typical electron landing energies from 0-100 eV. The energy spread of the electron beam is determined by the characteristics of the electron source. For the two most commonly used electron sources, LaB and cold field emission W, typical energy spreads ΔE are 0.

Pulmonary Complications in Esophagectomy Based on Intraoperative Fluid Rate: A Single-Center Study.

Objectives: Esophagectomy is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The authors assessed the relationship between intraoperative fluid (IOF) administration and postoperative pulmonary outcomes in patients undergoing a transthoracic, transhiatal, or tri-incisional esophagectomy.

Design: Retrospective cohort study (level 3 evidence).

Antinausea Protocol Reduces Hospital Length of Stay for Laparoscopic Nissen Fundoplication.

Objective: The perioperative course of patients undergoing laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication (LNF) was reviewed to determine whether the use of a new treatment protocol consisting of total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) plus triple antiemetic therapy was associated with shorter hospital length of stay (HLOS).

Design: Retrospective cohort.

Setting: Single academic center.

Effect of Vigorous Physical Activity on Executive Control in Middle-School Students.

The purpose of this pilot study was to examine the acute effect of vigorous physical activity on executive control in eighth grade students from the U.S. Participants were eighth grade students ( = 68; 26 girls, 42 boys) recruited from one middle school located in the Mountain West region of the U.

Acute Exercise and Academic Achievement in Middle School Students.

(1) The purpose of this study was to examine the acute effects of aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, and non-exercise on measures of academic achievement and cognition in pre-adolescent students. (2) In a randomized crossover design, sixty-three participants with a mean age of 13.7 ± 0.

Children's Physical Activity Levels Following Participation in a Classroom-Based Physical Activity Curriculum.

A classroom-based physical activity curriculum offers an opportunity for students to be active during the school day to combat declining physical activity levels among this population. The effects of classroom-based physical activity curriculum on children of different weight categories is relatively unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the differences in physical activity levels between male and female students, and between students of different weight categories following participation in a classroom-based physical activity curriculum intervention.

Trends in Sedentary and Physical Activity Behaviors in Incarcerated Adolescent Boys During a Sports, Play, and Recreation for Kids Program.

Purpose: To examine the trends in total and segmented sedentary and physical activity behaviors during a Sports, Play, and Recreation for Kids (SPARK) program in incarcerated adolescent boys.

Design: Longitudinal trend analysis.

Setting: Two juvenile justice facilities.

Introduction of Microwave Ablation Into a Renal Ablation Practice: Valuable Lessons Learned.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the early outcomes of percutaneous microwave ablation (MWA) for clinical stage T1 (cT1) renal masses when performed within a high-volume ablation practice with critical emphasis on procedural safety.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review of a percutaneous renal ablation registry identified 26 patients with a total of 27 cT1 renal masses treated with MWA between 2011 and 2017. Mean patient age was 63.

Physical Activity and Health-Related Fitness of Adolescents within the Juvenile Justice System.

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the physical activity patterns and health-related fitness levels of adolescents within the Juvenile Justice System.

Methods: Participants included 68 adolescents (Mean age = 17.1 ± 1.

Fit "N" Cool Kids: The Effects of Character Modeling and Goal Setting on Children's Physical Activity and Fruit and Vegetable Consumption.

Efforts to decrease the risk of overweight and obesity should focus on children's physical activity (PA) and fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption. Within school-based interventions, there is insufficient evidence on the effectiveness of the use of character modeling and goal setting to determine changes in step counts, MVPA, and FV consumption. Study participants were 187 students in grades 4 and 5 from 2 Title 1 elementary schools in the Southwest United States.

Trends in physical activity, health-related fitness, and gross motor skills in children during a two-year comprehensive school physical activity program.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the trends in school-day step counts, health-related fitness, and gross motor skills during a two-year Comprehensive School Physical Activity Program (CSPAP) in children.

Design: Longitudinal trend analysis.

Methods: Participants were a sample of children (N=240; mean age=7.

Elementary physical education: A focus on fitness activities and smaller class sizes are associated with higher levels of physical activity.

Optimizing physical activity during physical education is necessary for children to achieve daily physical activity recommendations. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among various contextual factors with accelerometer measured physical activity during elementary physical education. Data were collected during 2015-2016 from 281 students (1st-5th grade, 137 males, 144 females) from a private school located in a metropolitan area of Utah in the U.

School Physical Activity Programming and Gross Motor Skills in Children.

Objective: We examined the effect of a comprehensive school physical activity program (CSPAP) on gross motor skills in children.

Methods: Participants were 959 children (1st-6th grade; Mean age = 9.1 ± 1.

Spatially Selective, High-Density Placement of Polyfluorene-Sorted Semiconducting Carbon Nanotubes in Organic Solvents.

High-performance logic based on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) requires high-density arrays of selectively placed semiconducting CNTs. Although polymer-wrapping methods can allow CNTs to be sorted to a >99.9% semiconducting purity, patterning these polymer-wrapped CNTs is an outstanding problem.

Effect of a 12-Week Physical Activity Program on Gross Motor Skills in Children.

This study examined the effects of a 12-week Comprehensive School Physical Activity Program (CSPAP) on gross motor skill development in children from low-income families. Participants were 1,460 school-aged children (mean age = 8.4 ± 1.

High-speed logic integrated circuits with solution-processed self-assembled carbon nanotubes.

As conventional monolithic silicon technology struggles to meet the requirements for the 7-nm technology node, there has been tremendous progress in demonstrating the scalability of carbon nanotube field-effect transistors down to the size that satisfies the 3-nm node and beyond. However, to date, circuits built with carbon nanotubes have overlooked key aspects of a practical logic technology and have stalled at simple functionality demonstrations. Here, we report high-performance complementary carbon nanotube ring oscillators using fully manufacturable processes, with a stage switching frequency of 2.

Effect of Comprehensive School Physical Activity Programming on Cardiometabolic Health Markers in Children From Low-Income Schools.

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a 36-week Comprehensive School Physical Activity Program (CSPAP) on cardiometabolic health markers in children from low-income schools.

Methods: Participants were 217 school-aged children (mean age = 10.1 ± 1.

Effect of a 12-Week Summer Break on School Day Physical Activity and Health-Related Fitness in Low-Income Children from CSPAP Schools.

. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a 12-week summer break on school day physical activity and health-related fitness (HRF) in children from schools receiving a Comprehensive School Physical Activity Program (CSPAP). .

Unveiling the carrier transport mechanism in epitaxial graphene for forming wafer-scale, single-domain graphene.

Graphene epitaxy on the Si face of a SiC wafer offers monolayer graphene with unique crystal orientation at the wafer-scale. However, due to carrier scattering near vicinal steps and excess bilayer stripes, the size of electrically uniform domains is limited to the width of the terraces extending up to a few microns. Nevertheless, the origin of carrier scattering at the SiC vicinal steps has not been clarified so far.

Comprehensive assessment of renal tumour complexity in a large percutaneous cryoablation cohort.

Objective: To evaluate the association between renal tumour complexity and outcomes in a large cohort of patients undergoing percutaneous cryoablation (PCA).

Patients And Methods: Patients with renal tumours treated with PCA were identified using our prospectively maintained ablation registry (2003-2015). Salvage procedures and inherited tumour syndromes were excluded.

Establishing Waist-to-Height Ratio Standards from Criterion-Referenced BMI Using ROC Curves in Low-Income Children.

The purpose of this study was to establish health-related waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) cut-points associating with FITNESSGRAM's body mass index (BMI) criterion-referenced standards in low-income children. A secondary aim was to examine the classification agreement between the derived WHtR cut-points and various cardiometabolic blood markers using current recommendations. Participants were 219 children from low-income schools (mean age = 10.

Gross Motor Skills and Cardiometabolic Risk in Children: A Mediation Analysis.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the linear relationship between gross motor skills and cardiometabolic risk, with aerobic fitness as a mediator variable, in low-income children from the United States.

Methods: Participants were a convenience sample of 224 children (mean ± SD age = 9.1 ± 1.

Accessorized DPI: a Shortcut towards Flexibility and Patient Adaptability in Dry Powder Inhalation.

Purpose: In this work, a novel powder dispersion add-on device, the AOS (Axial Oscillating Sphere), was studied in conjunction with commercially available DPI devices to improve the powder dispersion.

Methods: An ordered mixture of formoterol fumarate and lactose was selected. We studied in two laboratories located at different altitudes the dispensing and dispersion of the drug at different flow rates, paying particular attention to a number of metrics of Fine Particle Dose (FPD).

Multivariate Associations Among Health-Related Fitness, Physical Activity, and TGMD-3 Test Items in Disadvantaged Children From Low-Income Families.

Motor skills are needed for physical development and may be linked to health-related fitness and physical activity levels. No studies have examined the relationships among these constructs in large samples of disadvantaged children from low-income families using the Test for Gross Motor Development-3rd Edition (TGMD-3). The purpose of this study was to examine the multivariate associations among health-related fitness, physical activity, and motor skills assessed using the TGMD-3.

Accelerometry-Derived Physical Activity of First Through Third Grade Children During the Segmented School Day.

Background: Schools should provide children 30 minutes/day of moderate-to-vigorous-physical-activity (MVPA). Determining school day segments that contribute to children's MVPA can inform school-based activity promotion. The purpose of this paper was to identify the proportion of children accumulating 30 minutes/day of school-based MVPA, and to identify school day segments' contribution to children's MVPA.