Anti-VEGF therapy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy in Kearns-Sayre syndrome.

Purpose: Multiple mitochondrial syndromes, such as Kearns-Sayre, involve the concurrence of diabetes mellitus and inherited pigmentary retinopathy. It is rare, however, for proliferative disease to develop in these patients as existing inner retinal dysfunction is thought to be protective.

Methods: To our knowledge this is the first description of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) in Kearns-Sayre syndrome.

Long-term outcomes of anti-VEGF treatment of retinal vein occlusion.

Background/objectives: To analyze the long-term outcomes of eyes with retinal vein occlusion (RVO) 8 years after commencing treatment with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents.

Subjects/methods: Retrospective, multicentre study of 221 eyes diagnosed with RVO, which were commenced on anti-VEGF therapy between 2009 and 2011. VA and CRT were recorded at baseline and at subsequent annual time points.

Long-term Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Treatment for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: The LATAR Study: Report 1: Ten-Year, Real-World Outcomes.

Purpose: To report the 10-year outcomes of eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) treated with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors.

Design: Ten-year, retrospective cohort study.

Participants: A total of 1046 patients who commenced treatment with anti-VEGF for nAMD.

Long-Term Follow-Up of Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy Secondary to Angioid Streaks Treated by Intravitreal Aflibercept and Ranibizumab.

Purpose: Angioid streaks (AS) are dehiscences in Bruch's membrane that may be idiopathic or associated with numerous systemic illnesses. Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) is an underdiagnosed exudative chorioretinopathy often characterised by serosanguineous detachments of the pigmented epithelium. The use of the anti-VEGF agents ranibizumab and aflibercept in the management of PCV secondary to AS has not been previously documented.

Yellow Pattern 577-nm Micropulse Laser: Treatment of Macular Edema from Radiation Retinopathy - A Case Report.

We report a case of a 60-year-old Asian male who developed radiation retinopathy 23 years after initial radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma and was successfully treated with yellow pattern 577-nm micropulse laser. Secondary macular edema and visual acuity improved following a single treatment session with minimal scarring. Yellow pattern micropulse laser is a safe and effective treatment for macular edema secondary to radiation retinopathy.

Photodynamic therapy for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy secondary to choroidal nevus.

We report a case of a Caucasian female who developed active polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) at the edge of a stable choroidal nevus and was successfully treated with verteporfin photodynamic therapy. No active polyp was detectable on indocyanine green angiography 2 years after treatment, and good vision was maintained. Indocyanine green angiography is a useful investigation to diagnose PCV and may be underutilized.

POLYPOIDAL CHOROIDAL VASCULOPATHY SECONDARY TO A STABLE CHOROIDAL NEVUS.

Purpose: Choroidal nevus is the most common ocular fundus tumor in adults. Previous studies have widely discussed the features of choroidal neovascularization secondary to nevus and its treatment options. Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) is an exudative chorioretinopathy that is often underdiagnosed.

MR contrast agents for liver imaging: what, when, how.

The major classes of contrast agents currently used for magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the liver include extracellular agents (eg, low-molecular-weight gadolinium chelates), reticuloendothelial agents (eg, ferumoxides), hepatobiliary agents (eg, mangafodipir), blood pool agents, and combined agents. Mechanisms of action, dosage, elimination, toxic effects, indications for use, and MR imaging technical considerations vary according to class. Gadolinium chelates are the most widely used.

Surgical removal of intraocular antibiotic ointment after routine cataract phacoemulsification.

We report surgical removal of a droplet of intraocular chloramphenicol ointment in a 70-year-old man who had routine small-incision phacoemulsification. A spherical droplet of ointment adherent to the intraocular lens was noted 2 months postoperatively. The source was considered to be the immediate postoperative conjunctival fornix chloramphenicol ointment.

Visual outcomes following vitrectomy and peeling of epiretinal membrane.

Background: Visual outcomes of patients following vitrectomy and peeling of visually significant epiretinal membranes were assessed to determine the influence of specific perioperative factors and surgical complications on final visual acuity and functional vision.

Methods: In an unmatched, consecutive surgical series, vitrectomy and membrane peeling were performed on 125 eyes of 123 patients with visually significant macular epiretinal membranes. Patients were followed for 6-36 months.