Apocrine gland anal sac adenocarcinoma in cats: 30 cases (1994-2015).

OBJECTIVE To describe the signalment, clinical signs, biological behavior, and outcome for cats with apocrine gland anal sac adenocarcinoma (AGASACA) that underwent surgical excision. DESIGN Retrospective case series. ANIMALS 30 client-owned cats.

SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF APPENDICULAR LONG-BONE FRACTURES IN FREE-RANGING FLORIDA PANTHERS ( PUMA CONCOLOR CORYI): SIX CASES (2000-2014).

The clinical outcomes of six free-ranging Florida panthers ( Puma concolor coryi) that underwent surgical stabilization of appendicular long-bone fractures (three femoral fractures, one tibial and one tibial and fibular fracture and two radial and ulnar fractures) were evaluated. These panthers presented to the University of Florida from 2000-2014. Estimated age of the panthers ranged from 0.

ASSOCIATION BETWEEN COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS AND FRACTURES FOLLOWING STEREOTACTIC RADIOSURGERY IN DOGS WITH APPENDICULAR OSTEOSARCOMA.

The objective of this observational, descriptive, retrospective study was to report CT characteristics associated with fractures following stereotactic radiosurgery in canine patients with appendicular osteosarcoma. Medical records (1999 and 2012) of dogs that had a diagnosis of appendicular osteosarcoma and undergone stereotactic radiosurgery were reviewed. Dogs were included in the study if they had undergone stereotactic radiosurgery for an aggressive bone lesion with follow-up information regarding fracture status, toxicity, and date and cause of death.

OUTCOMES AND PROGNOSTIC FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH CANINE SINONASAL TUMORS TREATED WITH CURATIVE INTENT CONE-BASED STEREOTACTIC RADIOSURGERY (1999-2013).

Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is a relatively new therapeutic option in veterinary oncology. The role of this modality has not been extensively evaluated for the use in canine nasal tumors. The objective of this retrospective, observational study was to describe the clinical outcome and prognostic factors associated with survival times in a sample of canine patients treated with SRS for sinonasal tumors.

Appendicular osteosarcoma in small-breed dogs: 51 cases (1986-2011).

Objective: To describe outcomes for small-breed dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma.

Design: Multi-institutional retrospective case series.

Animals: 51 small-breed dogs.

Stereotactic radiosurgery and fracture fixation in 6 dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma.

Objective: To evaluate clinical outcome of dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma (OSA) treated with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and subsequent internal fixation of a pathologic fracture.

Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Animals: Dogs with spontaneous-occurring appendicular OSA (n = 6).

Effects of aurothiomalate treatment on canine osteosarcoma in a murine xenograft model.

Osteosarcoma is a highly fatal cancer, with most patients ultimately succumbing to metastatic disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of the antirheumatoid drug aurothiomalate on canine and human osteosarcoma cells and on canine osteosarcoma growth and metastasis in a mouse xenograft model. We hypothesized that aurothiomalate would decrease osteosarcoma cell survival, tumor cellular proliferation, tumor growth, and metastasis.

Effect of bevacizumab on angiogenesis and growth of canine osteosarcoma cells xenografted in athymic mice.

Objective-To investigate the effects of bevacizumab, a human monoclonal antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor, on the angiogenesis and growth of canine osteosarcoma cells xenografted in mice. Animals-27 athymic nude mice. Procedures-To each mouse, highly metastasizing parent osteosarcoma cells of canine origin were injected into the left gastrocnemius muscle.

Fusion podoplasty for the management of chronic pedal conditions in seven dogs and one cat.

Eight animals underwent fusion podoplasties for the treatment of chronic interdigital furunculosis (n=3), ectrodactyly (n=1), digit abnormalities associated with tendonectomy (n=1), redundant indertigital skin (n=1), conformational deformity (n=1), and necrotizing fasciitis of the paw (n=1). Median duration of bandaging was 14 days, and median duration of hospitalization was 5 days. Four dogs had dehiscence, which occurred at a mean time of 11 days after surgery.

Oronasal fistula repair utilizing a temporalis muscle flap in a dog with severe trismus.

A 9 yr old spayed female cocker spaniel presented for evaluation of an invasive maxillary squamous cell carcinoma. Curative intent surgery and radiation therapy allowed for local control of the neoplasm; however, the development of a persistent oronasal fistula prevented a complete recovery. A temporalis myofascial rotation flap allowed for successful resolution of the maxillary defect.

Surgical views: Vacuum-assisted wound closure: clinical applications.

Vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) is a wound management system that exposes a wound bed to local negative pressure to promote healing. Benefits of VAC therapy include removal of fluid from the extravascular space, improved circulation, enhanced granulation tissue formation, and increased bacterial clearance. VAC therapy has been used extensively in human patients to treat a variety of acute and chronic wound conditions.

Surgical views: Vacuum-assisted wound closure: application and mechanism of action.

Vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) is a wound management therapy that creates local negative pressure over a wound bed to promote healing. Benefits of VAC therapy include removal of fluid from the extravascular space, improved circulation, enhanced granulation tissue formation, increased bacterial clearance, and hastening of wound closure. This article describes the mechanism of action of VAC therapy, reviews application techniques, and lists potential complications and contraindications.

Biologic behavior and clinical outcome of 25 dogs with canine appendicular chondrosarcoma treated by amputation: a Veterinary Society of Surgical Oncology retrospective study.

Objective: To characterize biologic behavior, clinical outcome, and effect of histologic grade on prognosis for dogs with appendicular chondrosarcoma treated by amputation alone.

Study Design: Case series.

Animals: Dogs (n=25) with appendicular chondrosarcoma.

Migration and differentiation of canine bone marrow stromal cells transplanted into the developing mouse brain.

To evaluate whether canine bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) can migrate and adopt neural phenotypes in the developing mouse brain we transplanted fluorescently labeled BMSCs into the lateral ventricle of immunocompromised neonatal mice. Most fibroblasts, used as a control, and BMSCs isolated from adult dogs remained around the injection site and exhibited a spindle-shaped appearance. A small number of BMSCs from young dogs were found in the subventricular zone, rostral migratory stream, and olfactory bulbs, and retained expression of neuron marker.

Development of an intramuscular xenograft model of canine osteosarcoma in mice for evaluation of the effects of radiation therapy.

Objective: To develop an IM xenograft model of canine osteosarcoma in mice for the purpose of evaluating effects of radiation therapy on tumors.

Animals: 27 athymic nude mice.

Procedures: Mice were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups of 9 mice each: no treatment (control group), radiation at 10 Gy, or radiation at 15 Gy.

Intrinsic radiosensitivity and repair of sublethal radiation-induced damage in canine osteosarcoma cell lines.

Objective: To characterize the radiosensitivity and capacity for sublethal damage repair (SLDR) of radiation-induced injury in 4 canine osteosarcoma cell lines.

Sample Population: 4 canine osteosarcoma cell lines (HMPOS, POS, COS 31, and D17).

Procedures: A clonogenic colony-forming assay was used to evaluate the cell lines' intrinsic radiosensitivities and SLDR capacities.

The frequency, growth kinetics, and osteogenic/adipogenic differentiation properties of canine bone marrow stromal cells.

Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) have gained considerable attention as a potential source for cell transplantation therapies for a variety of diseases due to their accessibility, proliferative capacity, and multilineage differentiation properties. Canine BMSCs have been shown to contribute to regeneration of osseous tissues, but knowledge about their biology is currently limited. In the present study, we investigated the frequency of adult canine BMSCs in bone marrow, morphological features, growth kinetics, and osteogenic as well as adipogenic differentiation properties in vitro.

Management of humeral and femoral fractures in dogs and cats with linear- circular hybrid external skeletal fixators.

Linear-circular hybrid fixators were used to stabilize humeral and femoral fractures in 21 dogs and five cats. Twenty-two of 24 fractures with sufficient follow-up radiographic evaluation obtained union. Time to radiographic union ranged from 25 to 280 days (mean +/- standard deviation [SD] 110+/-69 days; median 98 days).

Hyperbilirubinemia's protective effect against cisplatin nephrotoxicity in the Gunn rat.

Gunn rats, deficient in the enzyme uridine diphosphate glucuronyl transferase, were used to investigate the effects of unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia in cisplatin nephrotoxicity. The effect of bilirubin on the antineoplastic activity of cisplatin in osteosarcoma cell lines was also determined. The in vivo model involved three groups of rats (n=6 rats/group): homozygous Gunn rats (j/j), heterozygous Gunn rats (j/+), and congenic Wistar rats.

Three-dimensional culture of feline articular chondrocytes in alginate microspheres.

Chondrocytes isolated from proximal femoral articular cartilage from 3 adult cat cadavers were expanded in monolayer culture and subsequently cultured in alginate microspheres for 24 days. Cell proliferation and production of proteoglycans in alginate microspheres were observed during day 18 and 24. Quantification of chondroitin sulfates (CS) by capillary electrophoresis revealed that cultured chondrocytes synthesized CS6 but not CS4.

Assessment of bone mineral density of the femoral head in dogs with early osteoarthritis.

Objective: To compare the bone mineral density (BMD) of the proximal portion of the femur in dogs with and without early osteoarthritis secondary to hip dysplasia.

Animals: 24 dogs (3 Greyhounds, 6 Labrador-Greyhound crossbreeds, and 15 Labrador Retrievers).

Procedure: Computed tomography (CT) of the pelvis, including a bone-density phantom, was performed for each dog.

High field (4.7 T) magnetic resonance imaging of feline hip joints.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive technique widely used to investigate degenerative joint disease (DJD). In this study, we obtained magnetic resonance images of feline hip joints, using a high magnetic field MRI unit (4.7 tesla) with proton density (PD)-weighted and T2-weighted fast spin-echo (FSE).

Investigation of the effects of deracoxib and piroxicam on the in vitro viability of osteosarcoma cells from dogs.

Objective: To determine whether exposure of canine osteosarcoma cells to deracoxib or piroxicam results in decreased viability, whether the cytotoxic effects of deracoxib and piroxicam involve induction of apoptosis, and whether deracoxib is a more potent inhibitor of osteosarcoma cell growth than piroxicam.

Sample Population: 1 fibroblast and 3 osteosarcoma cell lines.

Procedure: Cell counts and viability assays were performed using osteosarcoma cells (POS, highly metastatic POS, and canine osteosarcoma cell 31) and fibroblasts after 72 hours of incubation with deracoxib at concentrations of 0.

Investigation of the effect of pamidronate disodium on the in vitro viability of osteosarcoma cells from dogs.

Objective: To determine the effect of pamidronate disodium on the in vitro viability of osteosarcoma cells and non-neoplastic cells from dogs.

Sample Population: 3 osteosarcoma and 1 fibroblast cell lines derived from dogs.

Procedure: Cell counts and cell viability assays were performed in cultures of osteosarcoma cells (POS, HMPOS, and COS31 cell lines) and fibroblasts after 24, 48, and 72 hours of incubation with pamidronate at concentrations of 0.