A Closer Examination of the Patient Experience in the Ambulatory Space: A Retrospective Qualitative Comparison of Primary Care With Specialty Care Experiences.

This qualitative study explores key patient experience impressions responsible for driving quality. Differences between primary and specialty care patient perspectives were analyzed using a mixed-methods design in high-, median-, and low-quality performing practices. We found that primary care patients highly value provider listening, time spent with provider, and consistent and effective coordination of care.

A murine xenograft model of spontaneous metastases of human lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: The flank is commonly used for primary xenografts in mice, but it is rare for these tumors to metastasize. Tail vein injection creates a pattern of metastases, but is artificial. We hypothesized that the liver is a convenient alternative xenograft site and that metastases would gradually proceed spontaneously.

Faster O₂ uptake kinetics in canine skeletal muscle in situ after acute creatine kinase inhibition.

Creatine kinase (CK) plays a key role both in energy provision and in signal transduction for the increase in skeletal muscle O2 uptake () at exercise onset. The effects of acute CK inhibition by iodoacetamide (IA; 5 mm) on kinetics were studied in isolated canine gastrocnemius muscles in situ (n = 6) during transitions from rest to 3 min of electrically stimulated contractions eliciting ∼70% of muscle peak , and were compared to control (Ctrl) conditions. In both IA and Ctrl muscles were pump-perfused with constantly elevated blood flows.

l-Glutamate in Middlebrook 7H9 culture medium upregulates matrix metalloproteinase-2 secretion from human astrocytoma cells.

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are implicated in the pathology of CNS tuberculosis. Whilst investigating the secretion of MMP-2 from human U373-MG astrocytoma cells, we observed elevated MMP-2 secretion in response to Middlebrook 7H9 media but not to Mycobacterium tuberculosis itself. Middlebrook 7H9 media did not stimulate MMP-1 or MMP-9 secretion from astrocytoma cells.

Blood lactate measurements and analysis during exercise: a guide for clinicians.

Blood lactate concentration ([La(-)](b)) is one of the most often measured parameters during clinical exercise testing as well as during performance testing of athletes. While an elevated [La(-)](b) may be indicative of ischemia or hypoxemia, it may also be a "normal" physiological response to exertion. In response to "all-out" maximal exertion lasting 30-120 seconds, peak [La(-)](b) values of approximately 15-25 mM may be observed 3-8 minutes postexercise.

Monocyte-astrocyte networks regulate matrix metalloproteinase gene expression and secretion in central nervous system tuberculosis in vitro and in vivo.

CNS tuberculosis (CNS-TB) is the most deadly form of tuberculous disease accounting for 10% of clinical cases. CNS-TB is characterized by extensive tissue destruction, in which matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) may play a critical role. We investigated the hypothesis that Mycobacterium tuberculosis activates monocyte-astrocyte networks increasing the activity of key MMPs.

IFNgamma synergizes with IL-1beta to up-regulate MMP-9 secretion in a cellular model of central nervous system tuberculosis.

Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) activity is implicated in pathogenesis of central nervous system tuberculosis (CNS-TB). IFNgamma, a key cytokine in TB, usually inhibits MMP-9 secretion. Addition of IFNgamma to conditioned media from M.

Monocytes infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis regulate MAP kinase-dependent astrocyte MMP-9 secretion.

Tuberculosis (TB) of the CNS (CNS-TB) carries a high mortality. Disease pathology is characterized by widespread destruction of CNS tissues. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is able to catabolyze specific components of the CNS tissue matrix and blood-brain barrier.