Electromagnetic interference caused by common surgical energy-based devices on an implanted cardiac defibrillator.

Background: Surgical energy-based devices emit energy, which can interfere with other electronic devices (eg, implanted cardiac pacemakers and/or defibrillators). The purpose of this study was to quantify the amount of unintentional energy (electromagnetic interference [EMI]) transferred to an implanted cardiac defibrillator by common surgical energy-based devices.

Methods: A transvenous cardiac defibrillator was implanted in an anesthetized pig.

Effect of radiofrequency energy emitted from monopolar "Bovie" instruments on cardiac implantable electronic devices.

Background: The monopolar "Bovie" instrument emits radiofrequency energy that can disrupt the function of other implanted electronic devices through a phenomenon termed electromagnetic interference. The purpose of this study was to quantify the electromagnetic interference occurring on cardiac implantable devices (CIEDs) resulting from monopolar instrument use in common, modifiable clinical scenarios.

Study Design: Three anesthetized pigs underwent CIED placement (1 pacemaker and 2 defibrillators).

DNA heterogeneity and phosphorylation unveiled by single-molecule electrophoresis.

Broad-spectrum analysis of DNA and RNA samples is of increasing importance in the growing field of biotechnology. We show that nanopore measurements may be used to assess the purity, phosphorylation state, and chemical integrity of nucleic acid preparations. In contrast with gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry, an unprecedented dynamic range of DNA sizes and concentrations can be evaluated in a single data acquisition process that spans minutes.