Biathlon Injury and Illness Surveillance project (BIIS): development of biathlon-specific surveillance forms in English, Russian, French and German.

Objective: The aim of this project was to adapt the English, French, German and Russian versions of the International Olympic Committee () to be sport-specific for use in biathlon.

Methods: 23 medical representatives from 16 of the 55 biathlon federations participated in this project to adapt the form and create disease coding relevant to biathlon. The English version of the was used as the primary template.

Antidoping attitudes among elite athletes: a cross sectional study in biathlon using a suitably developed questionnaire.

Background: The attitude of athletes towards antidoping interventions was surveyed among biathletes by a properly developed questionnaire.

Methods: Topics and items were identified by a multidisciplinary team. A demographics and an awareness sections exploring respondents' characteristics and knowledge of the antidoping rules were added.

Planning the International Competition Schedules for the Health of Elite Athletes: A 21-Year Retrospective Study Evaluating the Effectiveness and Economic Impact in an Olympic Sport.

Background: The increased number of trips and competitions scheduled in the international agonistic calendars meets commercial demands while acting as a source of stress for the athletes. A model, developed in biathlons to monitor the so-called competition load, revealed an upward trend over time. The aim of this study was to evaluate, in a 21-year period, the effects of the International Biathlon Union's rescheduling of the competitive calendars to control the competition load, as well as its stability over time and the economic impact of this intervention.