Calix[4]arene, calix[4]resorcarene, and cyclodextrin derivatives and their lanthanide complexes as chiral NMR shift reagents.

Calix[4]arenes, calix[4]resorcarenes, and anionic cyclodextrin derivatives were examined as chiral NMR solvating agents. The calix[4]arenes were prepared by attachment of amino acids through the hydroxyl groups of the phenol rings. Chloroform-, methanol-, and water-soluble derivatives were prepared and tested with a range of substrates.

Chiral reagents for the determination of enantiomeric excess and absolute configuration using NMR spectroscopy.

Recent advances in the development of chiral derivatizing and solvating agents that facilitate the determination of enantiomeric excess and absolute configuration are reviewed. These include metal-containing species, host-guest systems, donor-acceptor compounds, and liquid crystal discriminating agents. In the aggregate, these reagents can be used to analyze a wide range of compound classes.