Publications by authors named "James Bullows"
We report the complete genome sequences of nine double recombinant vaccine-derived novel oral poliovirus type 2 genomes from acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases ( = 3), AFP case contacts ( = 4), and environmental surveillance sampling ( = 2) in Nigeria.
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- Benzene is a common groundwater contaminant that persists in oxygen-free (anoxic) environments, prompting research into its microbial degradation pathways to better predict its behavior in the environment.
- A strain of bacteria (FRC-32) isolated from contaminated groundwater showed the ability to use benzene as a food source and identified key genes involved in breaking down aromatic compounds like benzene and toluene.
- The study revealed that the degradation processes for benzene and toluene are interconnected, with specific regulators (σ and AbrB) influencing the microbial metabolism, highlighting an effective strategy for anaerobic breakdown of these toxic compounds in groundwater.
Complete genome sequences of six S19 poliovirus reference strains.
Microbiol Resour Announc
July 2024
We report the complete genome sequences of six S19 poliovirus reference strains for all three poliovirus serotypes, including three Sabin vaccine-derived and three wild-type-derived strains. The S19 strains are extensively attenuated and genetically stable when compared to the reference poliovirus strains, while maintaining the same antigenicity and immunogenicity.
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- The rise of neurovirulent circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPVs) in Africa and Asia presents a significant threat to global poliovirus eradication efforts, primarily caused by the type 2 strain from the Sabin oral vaccine in areas with low immunization rates.
- To combat this, a new type 2 oral poliovirus vaccine (nOPV2) was developed, showing high safety, tolerability, and better genetic stability compared to the original vaccine, making it less likely to lead to vaccine-derived outbreaks.
- The World Health Organization granted emergency use authorization for nOPV2 in November 2020 to address ongoing wild poliovirus transmission and cVDPV outbreaks, accompanied by a comprehensive monitoring plan for