Resveratrol for the Management of Diabetes and its Downstream Pathologies.

Over the past 10 years more than 10,000 papers and investigations have been published that identify or analyse various critical pathways and biological processes through which the phytoalexin resveratrol has been shown to attenuate the metabolic dysfunctions, acute symptomatology and the consequential downstream pathologies related to type 2 diabetes. More recently, several clinical trials have confirmed resveratrol's potential to substantially enhance the therapeutic effects of the pharmaceutical metformin hydrochloride, particularly related to glucose management, insulin sensitivity and cardioprotection. Metformin is the most commonly prescribed type 2 diabetes treatment worldwide; consequently, any compound with the ability to safely and effectively augment its therapeutic effects warrants intensive investigation.

Risk indicators for dental caries using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS).

Background: While national surveys have found that African-Americans have a higher prevalence and severity of dental caries than white-Americans, there are only a few descriptive studies of the prevalence and severity of dental caries in low-income urban African-Americans.

Objectives: This study assessed the prevalence, severity and determinants of dental caries, using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS).

Methods: A representative sample of low-income families (a caregiver and a child aged 0-5 years) was selected from low-income census tracts in the city of Detroit, Michigan.