Is an FEV of 80% predicted a normal spirometry in cystic fibrosis children and adults?

Introduction: FEV is considered the gold standard spirometric measure for the assessment and management of cystic fibrosis lung disease. Recent evidence suggests that tests at lower lung volumes may be more sensitive.

Objectives: To assess how many other spirometric tests are abnormal in the presence of a normal FEV (≥80%) and which spirometric tests are most sensitive in detecting airway obstruction.

Behavioral and nutritional treatment for preschool-aged children with cystic fibrosis: a randomized clinical trial.

Importance: Evidence-based treatments that achieve optimal energy intake and improve growth in preschool-aged children with cystic fibrosis (CF) are a critical need.

Objective: To test whether behavioral and nutritional treatment (intervention) was superior to an education and attention control treatment in increasing energy intake, weight z (WAZ) score, and height z (HAZ) score.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This randomized clinical trial included 78 children aged 2 to 6 years (mean age, 3.

The impact of transforming healthcare delivery on cystic fibrosis outcomes: a decade of quality improvement at Cincinnati Children's Hospital.

Background: In 2001, Cincinnati Children's Hospital embarked on a journey to improve healthcare delivery to patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Data from the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation National Patient Registry revealed our below-average clinical outcomes, prompting us to initiate improvement interventions.

Objective: To improve clinical outcomes for patients with CF through a comprehensive quality-improvement approach directed at increasing patient centredness and improving healthcare delivery.

Antibacterial effects of natural tenderizing enzymes on different strains of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes on beef.

This study determined the efficacy of actinidin and papain on reducing Listeria monocytogenes and three mixed strains of Escherichia coli O157:H7 populations on beef. The average reduction of E. coli O157:H7 was greater than that of L.

Association of lung function, chest radiographs and clinical features in infants with cystic fibrosis.

The optimal strategy for monitoring cystic fibrosis lung disease in infancy remains unclear. Our objective was to describe longitudinal associations between infant pulmonary function tests, chest radiograph scores and other characteristics. Cystic fibrosis patients aged ≤24 months were enrolled in a 10-centre study evaluating infant pulmonary function tests four times over a year.

Screening for symptoms of depression and anxiety in adolescents and young adults with cystic fibrosis.

Background: Although studies have assessed symptoms of depression and anxiety in individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF), few have been conducted since the advent of new medical treatments (e.g., nebulized antibiotics, ThAIRpy Vest).

Improving evidence-based care in cystic fibrosis through quality improvement.

Objective: To increase clinician adherence to prescribing guidelines for pulmonary medications in children with cystic fibrosis (CF).

Design: Quality improvement project with multiple time series design.

Setting: The CF center at a tertiary care pediatric hospital in the United States.

Neuroendocrine cell distribution and frequency distinguish neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy from other pulmonary disorders.

Background: The diagnostic gold standard for neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy (NEHI) is demonstration of increased numbers of neuroendocrine cells (NECs) amid otherwise near-normal lung histology. Typical clinical and radiographic features often are present. However, NECs are also increased after lung injury and in other disorders, which can complicate biopsy specimen interpretation and diagnosis of suspected NEHI.

Multicenter evaluation of infant lung function tests as cystic fibrosis clinical trial endpoints.

Rationale: The conducting of clinical trials in infants with cystic fibrosis (CF) has been hindered by lack of sensitive outcome measures.

Objectives: To evaluate safety, feasibility, and ability to detect abnormalities in lung function of serial pulmonary function tests (PFTs) in infants with CF.

Methods: Multicenter observational study using a commercial device, rigorous training, ongoing quality control, and over-reading of data by an independent panel.

Relations between depressive and anxious symptoms and quality of life in caregivers of children with cystic fibrosis.

Unlabelled: Little is known about depressive and anxious symptoms and quality of life (QOL) in caregivers of children with cystic fibrosis (CF). The aims of this study were to: (1) assess rates of female and male caregiver depressive and anxious symptoms, and (2) evaluate relations between depressive and anxious symptoms, caregiver QOL, and health outcomes.

Patients And Methods: Eligible participants were caregivers of children with CF who completed three questionnaires assessing depressive and anxious symptoms and caregiver QOL during routine CF Clinic appointments.

Improvements in lung function outcomes in children with cystic fibrosis are associated with better nutrition, fewer chronic pseudomonas aeruginosa infections, and dornase alfa use.

Objective: To compare lung function and nutritional outcomes in cystic fibrosis (CF) for 2 birth cohorts in our CF center.

Study Design: Patients with CF born between 1985 and 2000 treated in our CF center before age 5 years were included. The patients were divided into 2 equal birth cohorts for comparison: birth cohort 1 (born between 1985 and 1992) and birth cohort 2 (born between 1993 and 2000).

Effect of combining nisin and/or lysozyme with in-package pasteurization for control of Listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat turkey bologna during refrigerated storage.

This study investigated the efficacy of in-package pasteurization combined with pre-surface application of nisin and/or lysozyme to reduce and prevent the subsequent recovery and growth of Listeria monocytogenes during refrigerated storage on the surface of low-fat turkey bologna. Sterile bologna samples were treated with solutions of nisin (2 mg/ml=5000 AU/ml), lysozyme (10 mg/ml=80 AU/ml) and a mixture of nisin and lysozyme (2 mg nisin+10mg lysozyme/ml) before in-package pasteurization at 65 degrees C for 32s. In-package pasteurization resulted in an immediate 3.

Effect of combining nisin and/or lysozyme with in-package pasteurization on thermal inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat turkey bologna.

Achieving a targeted lethality with minimum exposure to heat and preservation of product quality during pasteurization is a challenge. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of nisin and/or lysozyme in combination with in-package pasteurization of a ready-to-eat low-fat turkey bologna on the inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes. Sterile bologna samples were initially treated with solutions of nisin (2 mg/ml = 5,000 AU/ml = 31.

Outcomes of fundoplication in children with cystic fibrosis.

Purpose: Children with cystic fibrosis (CF) have a high prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). As GERD is associated with chronic respiratory symptoms and feeding problems, fundoplication is often performed in children with CF. Although the outcomes of fundoplication have been described across diverse pediatric groups, there is no published experience with CF.

Obliterative bronchiolitis in a 13-year-old pre-transplant cystic fibrosis patient.

Cystic fibrosis (CF)-related lung disease is characterized by a broad spectrum of pathologic changes. Most of these changes relate to progressive bronchiectasis and airway destruction due to recurrent infections. Other airway pathologies include but are not limited to nasal polyposis, bronchial hyperactivity, pneumothorax and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA).

Duration of treatment effect after tobramycin solution for inhalation in young children with cystic fibrosis.

Rationale: Among young children with cystic fibrosis (CF), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) airway infection is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Early intervention strategies include tobramycin solution for inhalation (TSI), which can eradicate lower airway Pa from cultures obtained at the end of 28 days of treatment in young children.

Methods: We conducted an open label, sequential cohort study of TSI in young children with CF to investigate duration of antimicrobial treatment effect.

Case study: providing evidence-based behavioral and nutrition treatment to a toddler with cystic fibrosis and multiple food allergies via telehealth.

Barriers to successful outcome for cystic fibrosis (CF) therapies can include distance from a CF care center, co-morbid conditions that require individualized alterations to the prescribed treatment, and patient-provider interactions, among others. We present the case of a 21-month-old female with CF for whom modifications of an efficacious behavioral and nutrition treatment were made due to food allergies and distance from the CF care center. She was classified as at-risk nutritionally.

Fecal elastase-1: utility in pancreatic function in cystic fibrosis.

Early detection and management of pancreatic insufficiency is essential to optimize health and outcomes in cystic fibrosis patients. The gold standard measures for assessment of pancreatic function are direct pancreatic stimulation tests, which have numerous limitations. Estimation of fecal elastase-1 level to determine pancreatic function is an attractive alternative as the test is simple, rapid, cost-effective and easy to perform even in children.

Randomized clinical trial of behavioral and nutrition treatment to improve energy intake and growth in toddlers and preschoolers with cystic fibrosis.

Objective: To conduct a randomized clinical trial comparing a behavioral and nutrition intervention (BEH) with a usual care control condition (CTL) for children (ages 18 months to 4 years) with cystic fibrosis (CF) and pancreatic insufficiency. This trial was designed to (1) evaluate a randomized comparison of BEH with CTL over 8 weeks, (2) provide a replication of the impact of BEH by inviting the CTL group to receive BEH after 8 weeks, and (3) examine the maintenance of BEH at 3- and 12-month follow-up.

Methods: Of 14 eligible children, 10 were randomly assigned and initiated treatment (71% recruitment rate).

Examining clinical trial results with single-subject analysis: an example involving behavioral and nutrition treatment for young children with cystic fibrosis.

Objective: To examine the process of change in a clinical trial of behavioral and nutrition treatment for children age 18-48 months with cystic fibrosis (CF) using single-subject analysis.

Methods: The 5-week treatment included nutrition counseling and child behavioral management training for parents and was designed to increase energy intake measured by diet diaries 600-800 calories per day.

Results: Energy intake changed at each meal, only when treatment was introduced (week 1: snacks, 420 to 691; week 2: breakfast, 325 to 443; week 4: lunch, 350 to 443; and week 5: dinner, 373 to 460 calories per day).

Nitrosoheme Pigment Formation and Light Effects on Color Properties of Semidry, Nonfermented and Fermented Sausages.

Development of the nitrosoheme pigment responsible for visual color properties was studied in the preparation of cured, semidry nonfermented and fermented sausages. Color stability of vacuum packaged sausages differing in pH was also evaluated during 6 weeks of light exposure, and after 6 weeks in dark storage. Total pigment conversion to nitrosoheme increased (P<0.