Long-term effects produced by early treatment of Class III malocclusion with rapid maxillary expansion and facemask followed by fixed appliances: A multicentre retro-prospective controlled study.

Objective: To assess the short- and long-term dentoskeletal effects of early Class III treatment with rapid maxillary expansion and facemask (RME/FM) followed by fixed appliances.

Materials And Methods: A total of 44 patients (27 females, 17 males) treated consecutively with RME/FM were included from the archives of 3 centres. Three lateral cephalograms were available: T0 (before the start of RME/FM therapy, mean age 8.

Long-Term Assessment of Treatment Timing for Rapid Maxillary Expansion and Facemask Therapy Followed by Fixed Appliances: A Multicenter Retro-Prospective Study.

Background: to determine the role of treatment timing in the long-term effects produced by rapid maxillary expansion and facemask therapy (RME/FM) in Class III patients.

Methods: This study compared two sample groups treated with RME/FM followed by fixed appliances: the early prepubertal group (EPG) (17 patients; mean age before treatment (T0), 5.8 ± 0.

Clear aligner mandibular advancement in growing patients with Class II malocclusion.

Treatment effects occurring during Class II malocclusion treatment with the clear aligner mandibular advancement protocol were evaluated in two growing patients: one male (12 years, 3 months) and one female (11 years, 9 months). Both patients presented with full cusp Class II molar and canine relationships. Intraoral scans and cone-beam computed tomography were acquired before treatment and after mandibular advancement.

Three-dimensional Evaluation of the Carriere Motion 3D Appliance in the treatment of Class II malocclusion.

Introduction: This study aimed to quantify the outcomes of adolescent patients with Class II malocclusion treated with the Carriere Motion 3D Appliance (CMA) combined with full fixed appliances.

Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography scans of 22 patients were available before orthodontic treatment (T1), at removal of the CMA (T2), and posttreatment (T3). The average age of the patients was 13.

Three-dimensional comparison of bone-borne and tooth-bone-borne maxillary expansion in young adults with maxillary skeletal deficiency.

Objective: To compare the transverse dental and skeletal changes in patients treated with bone-anchored palatal expander (bone-borne, BB) compared to patients treated with tooth and bone-anchored palatal expanders (tooth-bone-borne, TBB) using cone-beam computer tomography (CBCT) and 3D image analysis.

Methods: The sample comprised 30 patients with transverse maxillary discrepancy treated with two different types of appliances: bone-borne (Group BB) and tooth-bone-borne (Group TBB) expanders. CBCT scans were acquired before (T1) and after completion of maxillary expansion (T2); the interval was 5.

Three-dimensional evaluation of skeletal and dental effects of treatment with maxillary skeletal expansion.

Introduction: The objective was to determine the skeletal and dental changes with microimplant assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) appliances in growing (GR) and nongrowing (NG) patients using cone-beam computed tomography and 3-dimensional imaging analysis.

Methods: The sample consisted of 25 patients with transverse maxillary discrepancy treated with a maxillary skeletal expander, a type of MARPE appliance. Cone-beam computed tomography scans were taken before and after maxillary expansion; the interval was 6.

Variations in maxillary second molar position of untreated subjects with normal occlusions: A long-term observational study.

Introduction: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the long-term variations in maxillary second molar position in untreated subjects with normal occlusion.

Setting And Sample Population: A sample of 39 subjects (18 females and 21 males) selected from the University of Michigan Growth Study (UMGS) was followed longitudinally with digital dental casts at 3 observation times: T1, when the maxillary permanent second molars were fully erupted, T2, last observation available in the longitudinal series (38 subjects), and T3, at least 20 years after T2 (12 subjects).

Materials And Methods: Digital measurements were recorded with an open-source software.

Predicting the mandibular growth spurt.

Objectives: To develop a prediction model that combined information derived from chronological age, sex, and the cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) method to predict the pubertal spurt in mandibular growth.

Materials And Methods: A total of 50 subjects (29 females, 21 males) were selected from the American Association of Orthodontists Foundation Craniofacial Growth Legacy Collection, the University of Michigan Growth Study, and the Denver Child Growth study. A total of 456 lateral cephalograms were analyzed, and a multilevel logistic model was applied.

Three-dimensional evaluation of maxillary second molar position in untreated patients with normal occlusion : Implications for preadjusted appliance prescriptions.

Purpose: The study was aimed at evaluating the sagittal and transversal inclinations of upper second molars in untreated adolescents with normal occlusion.

Methods: A sample of 41 subjects (16 females, 25 males) was selected from the University of Michigan Growth Study (UMGS). Digital dental casts with fully erupted second molars in occlusion were chosen (mean age 14.

Evaluation of adolescent and adult patients treated with the Carriere Motion Class III appliance followed by fixed appliances.

Objectives: To determine dentoalveolar and skeletal effects produced in mature patients by the Carriere Motion Class III (CM3) appliance followed by fixed appliances.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study evaluated 32 patients at three time points: T1 (initial), T2 (removal of CM3), and T3 (posttreatment). Serial cephalograms were traced and digitized, and best-fit regional superimpositions were constructed.

Prognostic approach to Class III malocclusion through case-based reasoning.

Objective: This investigation evaluates the evidence of case-based reasoning (CBR) in providing additional information on the prediction of future Class III craniofacial growth.

Settings And Sample Population: The craniofacial characteristics of 104 untreated Class III subjects (7-17 years of age), monitored with two lateral cephalograms obtained during the growth process, were evaluated.

Materials And Methods: Data were compared with the skeletal characteristics of subjects who showed a high degree of skeletal imbalance ('prototypes') obtained from a large data set of 1263 Class III cross-sectional subjects (7-17 years of age).

Three-dimensional mandibular dental changes with aging.

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the 3-dimensional (3D) mandibular dental changes over 42 years using the registration of digital models.

Methods: The sample comprised digital dental models of 8 untreated subjects (4 males and 4 females) with normal occlusion measured longitudinally at ages 17 years (T1) and 60 years (T2). Using 13 landmarks placed on the mucogingival junction, we registered the T2 model on the T1 model.

Predicting mandibular growth based on CVM stage and gender and with chronological age as a curvilinear variable.

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop a prediction model that combines the information derived from chronological age (analysed as a curvilinear variable), gender and the CVM method to predict mandibular growth.

Settings And Sample Population: 50 participants (29 females, 21 males) were selected from the AAOF Craniofacial Growth Legacy Collection, the Michigan Growth Study and the Denver Child Growth study.

Materials And Methods: In this investigation, 456 lateral cephalograms were analysed by applying a mixed effect model.

Improving shear bond strength of metallic brackets after whitening.

Objective: To evaluate a protocol for bonding metallic brackets after bleaching with hydrogen peroxide (HP).

Methods: 60 extracted maxillary premolar were randomly divided into an unbleached control group and two groups bleached with a solution of 35% hydrogen peroxide prior to bonding. The teeth in one of the treated groups were bonded immediately after bleaching; while the other group was treated with 10% sodium ascorbate immediately after bleaching and before bonding.

Computer-aided heuristics in orthodontics.

Introduction: During the decision-making process, physicians rely on heuristics that consist of simple, useful procedures for solving problems, intuitive shortcuts that produce reliable decisions based on limited information. In clinical situations characterized by a high degree of uncertainty such as those encountered in orthodontics, cognitive biases and judgment errors related to heuristics are not uncommon. This study aimed at promoting trust in the effective interface between the intuitive reasoning of the orthodontic practitioner and the computational heuristics emerging from simple statistical models.

Longitudinal changes in the dental arches and soft tissue profile of untreated subjects with normal occlusion.

Aim: The aim of this study was to analyze dental and soft tissue profile development in children with normal occlusions to establish age- and gender-specific reference intervals for German children during their active growth period.

Subjects And Methods: The study group consisted of a sample of 31 untreated Caucasian subjects with normal occlusions. Dental casts were analyzed at four different stages of dentitional development.

Three-dimensional changes of the upper airway in patients with Class II malocclusion treated with the Herbst appliance: A cone-beam computed tomography study.

Introduction: This study aimed to determine the volumetric effects on the upper airways of growing patients with Class II malocclusion treated with the Herbst appliance (HA).

Methods: Volumetric measurements of the upper airways of 42 skeletal Class II malocclusion patients (mean age: 13.8 ± 1.

Maxillary expander with differential opening vs Hyrax expander: A randomized clinical trial.

Introduction: The aim of this 2-arm parallel trial was to compare the dentoskeletal effects of the expander with differential opening (EDO) and the Hyrax expander in the mixed dentition.

Methods: Patients aged 7-11 years with maxillary dental arch constriction and Class I or Class II sagittal relationships were randomly allocated into 2 study groups. The experimental group comprised 22 patients (10 males, 12 females) with a mean age of 8.