Advances in textile-based microfluidics for biomolecule sensing.

Textile-based microfluidic biosensors represent an innovative fusion of various multidisciplinary fields, including bioelectronics, material sciences, and microfluidics. Their potential in biomedicine is significant as they leverage textiles to achieve high demands of biocompatibility with the human body and conform to the irregular surfaces of the body. In the field of microfluidics, fabric coated with hydrophobic materials serves as channels through which liquids are transferred in precise amounts to the sensing element, which in this case is a biosensor.

Hydrophobization of nanofibrillated cellulose from Macaranga gigantea for binding of curcumin.

Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) has found extensive potential and existing utilizations across various industries. Nonetheless, a notable constraint of NFC lies in its inherent hydrophilic nature, which restricts its suitability for non-aqueous application. This study aims at synthesising hydrophobic NFC through a two-step surface modification by reacting NFC with tannic acid and amine group.

A portable label-free electrochemical DNA biosensor for rapid detection of Typhi.

A highly accurate, rapid, portable, and robust platform for detecting serovar Typhi ( Typhi) is crucial for early-stage diagnosis of typhoid to avert and control the outbreaks of this pathogen, which threaten global public health. This study presents a proof-of-concept for our developed label-free electrochemical DNA biosensor system for Typhi detection, which employs a printed circuit board gold electrode (PCBGE), integrated with a portable potentiostat reader. Initially, the functionalized DNA biosensor and target detection were characterized using cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods using a benchtop potentiostat.

Enhanced Sweat Biosensing with Thread-Embedded Microfluidic Devices.

BACKGROUND This study explored the integration of conductive threads into a microfluidic compact disc (CD), developed using the xurographic method, for a potential sweat biosensing platform. MATERIAL AND METHODS The microfluidic CD platform, fabricated using the xurographic method with PVC films, included venting channels and conductive threads linked to copper electrodes. With distinct microfluidic sets for load and metering, flow control, and measurement, the CD's operation involved spinning for sequential liquid movement.

Analysis of Covarine Particle in Toothpaste Through Microfluidic Simulation, Experimental Validation, and Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy.

Covarine, copper phthalocyanine, a novel tooth whitening ingredient, has been incorporated into various toothpaste formulations using diverse technologies such as larger flakes, two-phase pastes, and microbeads. In this study, we investigated the behavior of covarine microbeads (200 μm) in Colgate advanced white toothpaste when mixed with artificial and real saliva. Our analysis utilized a custom-designed microfluidic mixer with 400 μm wide channels arranged in serpentine patterns, featuring a Y-shaped design for saliva and toothpaste flow.

Neuroendocrine carcinoma of tonsil presented with axillary lymph node metastasis: Management dilemma.

High-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) of the tonsil is rare and has a poor prognosis. The usual presentation is a neck mass with locoregional cervical lymphadenopathy. An axillary lymphadenopathy as a primary presentation of NEC of the tonsils is uncommon and challenging to treat.

A novel microfluidic compact disc to investigate electrochemical property changes between artificial and real salivary samples mixed with mouthwashes using electrical impedance analysis.

Diagnosing oral diseases at an early stage may lead to better preventive treatments, thus reducing treatment burden and costs. This paper introduces a systematic design of a microfluidic compact disc (CD) consisting of six unique chambers that run simultaneously from sample loading, holding, mixing and analysis. In this study, the electrochemical property changes between real saliva and artificial saliva mixed with three different types of mouthwashes (i.

Comparing the appropriateness of antimicrobial prescribing among medical patients in two tertiary hospitals in Malaysia.

Introduction: Malaysia is an upper-middle-income country with national antimicrobial stewardship programs in place. However, hospitals in this country are faced with a high incidence of multidrug-resistant organisms and high usage of broad-spectrum antibiotics. Therefore, this study aimed to use a standardized audit tool to assess clinical appropriateness, guideline compliance, and prescribing patterns of antimicrobial use among medical patients in two tertiary hospitals in Malaysia to benchmark practice.

Role of Nanomaterials in the Fabrication of bioNEMS/MEMS for Biomedical Applications and towards Pioneering Food Waste Utilisation.

bioNEMS/MEMS has emerged as an innovative technology for the miniaturisation of biomedical devices with high precision and rapid processing since its first R&D breakthrough in the 1980s. To date, several organic including food waste derived nanomaterials and inorganic nanomaterials (e.g.

Different Preparation Method of Nanocellulose from Macaranga gigantea and Its Preliminary Study on Packaging Film Potential.

Nanocellulose is a versatile cellulosic nanomaterial that can be used in many application areas. Applying different preparation strategies leads to different types of nanocellulose. In this study, nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) and nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) were prepared from lesser known wood species, viz.

Monkeypox in Pregnancy: Susceptibility, Maternal and Fetal Outcomes, and One Health Concept.

An overlooked endemic zoonosis in Africa, monkeypox infection, which has spread to multiple non-endemic countries since early May 2022, was declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern by the World Health Organization on July 23, 2022. As of August 8, 2022, over 28,000 confirmed and probable monkeypox cases were reported globally, including 6 deaths from the African continent and 4 deaths from the non-endemic regions. Although the current outbreak mostly belongs to the West African clade, which has a lower-case fatality ratio of <1%, there is limited data among immune-weakened individuals infected with monkeypox.

Protocol methodology for permission release in the construction of a written corpus.

Copyright issues or permission releases for written data remain vague and difficult to comprehend. Overall, the construction of a corpus involves a multitude of mediums, namely books, periodicals, published materials and non-published materials. Problems arise when a chosen medium involves published materials that are protected under copyright acts.

Recent Mitigation Strategies on Membrane Fouling for Oily Wastewater Treatment.

The discharge of massive amounts of oily wastewater has become one of the major concerns among the scientific community. Membrane filtration has been one of the most used methods of treating oily wastewater due to its stability, convenience handling, and durability. However, the continuous occurrence of membrane fouling aggravates the membrane's performance efficiency.

G-quadruplex microspheres-based optical RNA biosensor for arthropod-borne virus pathogen detection: A proof-of-concept with dengue serotype 2.

Dengue virus (DENV) is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus and that the detection of viral RNA itself is highly desirable, which can be achieved by using RNA biosensor diagnostic method. Herein, acrylic micropolymer-based optical RNA biosensor was developed by binding anionic copper(II) phthalocyanine (CPC) planar aromatic ligand to the G-quadruplex DNA probe via end-stacking with π-system of the guanine (G) quartet, and a blue coloration was developed on the G-quadruplex microspheres. Hybridization of G-quadruplex DNA probe with target DENV serotype 2 (DENV2) RNA unfolded the G-quadruplex, and rendering release of the CPC planar optical label, causing discoloration of the G-quadruplex microbiosensor.

Fabrication and application of composite adsorbents made by one-pot electrochemical exfoliation of graphite in surfactant ionic liquid/nanocellulose mixtures.

Previously, surfactant-assisted exfoliated graphene oxide (sEGO) formed with the triple-chain surfactant TC14 (sodium 1,4-bis(neopentyloxy)-3-(neopentylcarbonyl)-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate) was applied in wastewater treatment. The extent of dye-removal and the adsorption capacity of the sEGO formed with this triple-chain surfactant outperformed those of two other systems, namely, the di-chain version of TC14 (AOT14; sodium 1,2-bis-(2,2-dimethyl-propoxycarbonyl)-ethanesulfonate) and the single-chain surfactant sodium -dodecylsulfate. In the present study, to further optimise the surfactant chemical structure, the sodium ion of TC14 was substituted with 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium (BMIM) generating surfactant ionic liquids (SAILs; 1-butyl-3-imidazolium 1,4-bis(neopentyloxy)-3-(neopentyloxycarbonyl)-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate), hereafter denoted as BMIM-TC14.

A Review on the Development of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles-Based Biosensor as a Detection Strategy of Emerging and Pathogenic RNA Virus.

The emergence of highly pathogenic and deadly human coronaviruses, namely SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV within the past two decades and currently SARS-CoV-2, have resulted in millions of human death across the world. In addition, other human viral diseases, such as mosquito borne-viral diseases and blood-borne viruses, also contribute to a higher risk of death in severe cases. To date, there is no specific drug or medicine available to cure these human viral diseases.

Influence of coal ash on the concrete properties and its performance under sulphate and chloride conditions.

This study investigated the influence of coal bottom ash (CBA) on the concrete properties and evaluate the effects of combined exposure of sulphate and chloride conditions on the concrete containing CBA. During concrete mixing, cement was replaced with CBA by 10% of cement weight. Initially, concrete samples were kept in normal water for 28 days.

Point Prevalence Survey of Antimicrobial Use in a Malaysian Tertiary Care University Hospital.

Antimicrobial resistance remains a significant public health issue, and to a greater extent, caused by the misuse of antimicrobials. Monitoring and benchmarking antimicrobial use is critical for the antimicrobial stewardship team to enhance prudent use of antimicrobial and curb antimicrobial resistance in healthcare settings. Employing a comprehensive and established tool, this study investigated the trends and compliance of antimicrobial prescribing in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Malaysia to identify potential target areas for quality improvement.

Optically Transparent and Toughened Poly(methyl methacrylate) Composite Films with Acylated Cellulose Nanofibers.

In this work, nanocomposites of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) with cellulose nanofiber (CNF) were prepared by a solution casting technique. CNF was modified by propionic anhydride (PA) to form surface-propionylated CNF (CNFp) to improve its compatibility with the PMMA matrix. CNF, CNFp, and acetylated CNF were compared with respect to their influence as fillers in PMMA composite films by ultraviolet-visible transmittance, haze values, tensile strength testing, and water contact angle measurement.

Effects of Acid-Anhydride-Modified Cellulose Nanofiber on Poly(Lactic Acid) Composite Films.

In this study, we investigated the effect of the addition of cellulose nanofiber (CNF) fillers on the performance of poly(lactic acid) (PLA). Modification of the hydroxyl group of cellulose to the acyl group by acid anhydrides changed the compatibility of the CNF with PLA. CNF was modified by acetic anhydride, propionic anhydride, and butyric anhydride to form surface-modified acetylated CNF (CNFa), propionylated CNF (CNFp), and butyrylated CNF (CNFb), respectively, to improve the compatibility with the PLA matrix.

Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in low- and middle-income countries: a scattered picture.

Data on comprehensive population-based surveillance of antimicrobial resistance is lacking. In low- and middle-income countries, the challenges are high due to weak laboratory capacity, poor health systems governance, lack of health information systems, and limited resources. Developing countries struggle with political and social dilemma, and bear a high health and economic burden of communicable diseases.

Knowledge, attitude, perception of Muslim parents towards vaccination in Malaysia.

Malaysia is a predominant Muslim country and the recent surge in vaccine-preventable disease enticed us to conduct a survey to measure the Knowledge, Attitude and Perception of Muslim parents toward vaccination process. The data were collected under four segments such as demography, Knowledge, Attitude and Perception. The questionnaire had high internal consistency (0.

Lipid-based Nanocarriers for Cancer and Tumor Treatment.

Cancer and tumor have been major reasons for numerous deaths in this century across the world. Many strategies have been designed to treat, diagnose, or prevent cancer. The success of chemotherapy largely depends on drug targeting.

Highly branched triple-chain surfactant-mediated electrochemical exfoliation of graphite to obtain graphene oxide: colloidal behaviour and application in water treatment.

The generation of surfactant-assisted exfoliated graphene oxide (sEGO) by electrochemical exfoliation is influenced by the presence of surfactants, and in particular the hydrophobic tail molecular-architecture. Increasing surfactant chain branching may improve the affinity for the graphite surfaces to provide enhanced intersheet separation and stabilisation of exfoliated sheets. The resulting sEGO composites can be readily used to remove of a model pollutant, the dye, methylene blue (MB), from aqueous solutions by providing abundant sites for dye adsorption.