Asymmetrical analysis of economic complexity and economic freedom on environment in South Asia: A NARDL approach.

The environment has become a growing concern for many countries, as pollution and other environmental degradation can harm human health, economic growth, and overall well-being. This paper probes into the asymmetrical implications of economic complexity and freedom on ecological quality in four South Asian countries from 1995 to 2019. Using Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag methodology approach, our findings indicate that carbon dioxide (CO) emissions are intensified by economic freedom both in the long and short term, while negative and positive shocks to economic complexity increase CO emissions in the long term.

Assessing the spillover effects of research and development and renewable energy on CO emissions: international evidence.

The primary motivation of this paper is the lack of consensus on the impact of renewable energy (RE) and research and development (R&D) expenditure on COemissions in the literature. Current literature has mostly ignored the spillover effect of R&D on COemissions by increasing the intensity effect of technology, leading to biased results. Further, little is known about the impact of previous epidemics on COemissions.

A systematic review of geographic information systems based methods and criteria used for electric vehicle charging station site selection.

Many studies have incorporated particular models with various methods and algorithms to resolve the site selection problem for electric vehicle charging stations (EVCS). This paper systematically reviews research that evaluates geographic information systems (GIS) based EVCS location techniques and the variables used for decision making. We classify and characterize those techniques and variables to determine important linkages within the literature.

Regional and spatial impacts of external and internal conflicts on ecological footprint: the case of Middle East and Africa.

The economic and environmental structures of countries are greatly impacted by domestic and foreign conflicts. To promote sustainable development, it is crucial to understand the spatial impact of these conflicts on the ecological footprint of a region. With a focus on Middle Eastern and African countries, this paper investigates the impact of such conflicts on their environments, taking into consideration the unique spatial features of their ecological footprints.

Assessing the environmental efficiency of OECD countries through the lens of ecological footprint indices.

Environmental efficiency plays a crucial role in achieving sustainable economic development. This study aims to enhance the current understanding of dynamic environmental efficiency by using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) in conjunction with the ecological footprint index. This study evaluates 27 OECD countries' environmental performance from 2000 to 2017, employing net capital stock, labor force, and energy consumption as inputs, ecological footprint as undesirable output, and GDP as desirable output.

Assessing economic growth-energy consumption-CO nexus by climate zone: international evidence.

The energy economics literature lacks a consensus on the short- and long-term linkages along with the Granger causality direction between economic growth and energy consumption. This paper examines the relationships between economic growth, fossil fuel and renewable energy consumption, CO emissions, temperature, and population in 56 countries from 1990 to 2019. We contribute to the literature by uniquely grouping countries by climate zone (i.

Assessing the spatial effects of economic freedom on forest-products, grazing-land, and cropland footprints: The case of Asia-Pacific countries.

The literature has shown that economic freedom yields higher economic growth. However, the nexus between economic freedom and the environment in a world of spatial dependency is unclear. Using data from a panel of seventeen Asia-Pacific countries from 2000 to 2017, we investigate the direct and spillover effects of economic freedom (as measured by the annual indexes developed by the Heritage Foundation) and other variables on the ecological footprint of three land-cover types: cropland, forest products, and grazing land.

Regional Effects of Maternal Mortality Determinants in Africa and the Middle East: How About Political Risks of Conflicts?

Background: As per the United Nations Women data, the maternal mortality rate in war-affected countries is critical and more than 800 million people live in war-affected countries (ICRC). External and internal conflicts such as foreign pressure, war and cross-border, civil disorder, terrorism, and civil war, are characteristics of Middle Eastern and African countries. Therefore considering the rapid increment of political risks and internal and external conflicts in Africa and the Middle East during the last decade, and considering warfare as a key contributor to maternal mortality; This paper seeks to evaluate the factors that have caused significant rates of maternal mortality in Middle Eastern and African countries by emphasizing the contributions of a number of political risk aspects as Civil Disorder Index, Terrorism Index, Civil War Index, Foreign Pressures Index, Cross-Border Conflict Index, War Index along with other socio-economic factors.