Pathological roles of lncRNA HOTAIR in liver cancer: An updated review.

Liver cancer ranks as the sixth most prevalent form of cancer and stands as the fourth leading cause of cancer-related fatalities on a global scale. The two primary types of liver cancer are hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). While ICC originates from the bile ducts, HCC develops from hepatocytes, which are the primary functional cells of the liver.

E3 Ubiquitin Ligases and Their Therapeutic Applications in Cancers: Narrative Review.

E3 ubiquitin ligases are a class of enzymes, essential for maintaining the equilibrium of cells by binding ubiquitin molecules to substrates to mark them for destruction. Since many cancer-related proteins, including both oncogenic and tumor-suppressive ones, are controlled by the ubiquitin-proteasome system, E3 ligases have drawn a great deal of interest as potential targets for the creation of anti-cancer drugs. This is because E3 ligases function as modules that select the substrates that are intended for degradation, giving them the ability to particularly affect proteins that are connected to cancer.

Inhibitors of the mTOR signaling pathway can play an important role in breast cancer immunopathogenesis.

This study explores the critical role of inhibitors targeting the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway in breast cancer research and treatment. The mTOR pathway, a central regulator of cellular processes, has been identified as a crucial factor in the development and progression of breast cancer. The essay explains the complex molecular mechanisms through which mTOR inhibitors, such as rapamycin and its analogs, exert their anticancer effects.

Mesenchymal stem cells and their potential therapeutic benefits and challenges in the treatment and pathogenesis of gastric cancer.

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are acknowledged for their remarkable ability to undergo differentiation into various cell types. In addition, they exhibit anti-tumor characteristics, prompting endeavors to modify MSCs for employment in cancer therapies. On the contrary, it is imperative to recognize that MSCs have been extensively linked to pathways that facilitate the advancement of tumors.

Toxin-derived peptides: An unconventional approach to alleviating cerebral stroke burden and neurobehavioral impairments.

Cerebral stroke is a pressing global health concern, ranking as the second leading cause of mortality and resulting in persistent neurobehavioral impairments. Cerebral strokes, triggered by various embolic events, initiate complex signaling pathways involving neuroexcitotoxicity, ionic imbalances, inflammation, oxidative stress, acidosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to programmed cell death. Currently, the FDA has approved tissue plasminogen activator as a relatively benign intervention for cerebral stroke, leaving a significant treatment gap.

Application of mesenchymal stem cells derived from the umbilical cord or Wharton's jelly and their extracellular vesicles in the treatment of various diseases.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) originating from the umbilical cord (UC) or Wharton's jelly (WJ) have attracted substantial interest due to their potential to augment therapeutic approaches for a wide range of disorders. These cells demonstrate a wide range of capabilities in the process of differentiating into a multitude of cell types. Additionally, they possess a significant capacity for proliferation and are conveniently accessible.

Valsartan: An Angiotensin Receptor Blocker Modulates BDNF Expression and Provides Neuroprotection Against Cerebral Ischemic Reperfusion Injury.

AT1 receptor blockers (ARBs) are commonly used drugs to treat cardiovascular disease and hypertension, but research on their impact on brain disorders is unattainable. Valsartan (VAL) is a drug that specifically blocks AT1 receptor. Despite the previous evidence for VAL to provide neuroprotection in case of ischemic reperfusion injury, evaluation of their potential in mitigating mitochondrial dysfunction that causes neuronal cell death and neurobehavioral impairment remains unknown.

Understanding role of pesticides in development of Parkinson's disease: Insights from Drosophila and rodent models.

Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative illness linked to ageing, marked by the gradual decline of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain. The exact aetiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) remains uncertain, with genetic predisposition and environmental variables playing significant roles in the disease's frequency. Epidemiological data indicates a possible connection between pesticide exposure and brain degeneration.

GLP-1/Sigma/RAGE receptors: An evolving picture of Alzheimer's disease pathology and treatment.

According to the facts and figures 2023stated that 6.7 million Americans over the age of 65 have Alzheimer's disease (AD). The scenario of AD has reached up to the maximum, of 4.

Reduced expression of miR-221 is associated with the pro-apoptotic pathways in spermatozoa of oligospermia men.

Oligospermia and asthenozoospermia, both frequent, can lead to male infertility. Oligospermia might be viewed as a milder form of azoospermia because the same mutations that produce azoospermia in some individuals also create oligospermia in other individuals. In this, we looked at different characteristics of oligospermia men, counting the level of apoptosis and a few related apoptotic and oxidative stress components, and compared them to solid controls.

miR-199a-3p suppresses neuroinflammation by directly targeting MyD88 in a mouse model of bone cancer pain.

Aims: Pain is a profoundly debilitating symptom in cancer patients, leading to disability, immobility, and a marked decline in their quality of life. This study aimed to investigate the potential roles of miR-199a-3p in a murine model of bone cancer pain induced by tumor cell implantation in the medullary cavity of the femur.

Materials And Methods: We assessed pain-related behaviors, including the paw withdrawal mechanical threshold (PWMT) and the number of spontaneous flinches (NSF).

Unravelling of molecular biomarkers in synaptic plasticity of Alzheimer's disease: Critical role of the restoration of neuronal circuits.

Learning and memory storage are the fundamental activities of the brain. Aberrant expression of synaptic molecular markers has been linked to memory impairment in AD. Aging is one of the risk factors linked to gradual memory loss.

Caenorhabditis elegans: A transgenic model for studying age-associated neurodegenerative diseases.

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are a heterogeneous group of aging-associated ailments characterized by interrupting cellular proteostasic machinery and the misfolding of distinct proteins to form toxic aggregates in neurons. Neurodegenerative diseases, which include Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington's disease (HD), and others, are becoming an increasing threat to human health worldwide. The degeneration and death of certain specific groups of neurons are the hallmarks of these diseases.

Age-related pathophysiological alterations in molecular stress markers and key modulators of hypoxia.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by an adverse cellular environment and pathological alterations in distinct brain regions. The development is triggered or facilitated by a condition such as hypoxia or ischemia, or inflammation and is associated with disruptions of fundamental cellular functions, including metabolic and ion homeostasis. Increasing evidence suggests that hypoxia may affect many pathological aspects of AD, including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, ER stress, amyloidogenic processing of APP, and Aβ accumulation, which may collectively result in neurodegeneration.

The role of in inducing/aggravating IgE-mediated allergic airway disease: extensive computational studies for identification of allergenic proteins.

Respiratory allergies have become a major public health concern and affect one-third of the world's population. Several factors like environmental changes, industrialization, and immunologic interactions are reported to contribute to allergic respiratory diseases. Immunological reactions because of mosquito bite (allergic proteins) have been reported to have a high contribution to IgE-mediated allergic airway disease but they are largely ignored.

Synthesis, anticancer activity, molecular docking and molecular dynamics studies of some pyrazole-chalcone hybrids.

Four new hybrid compounds (-) bearing pyrazole ( and ) and chalcone ( and ) fragments were synthesized and characterized. Compounds were assayed for their ability to inhibit the proliferation of human lung (A549) and colon (Caco-2) cancer cell lines. Besides, toxicity against normal cells was determined using the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).

Protein adduction causes non-mutational inhibition of p53 tumor suppressor.

p53 is a key tumor suppressor that is frequently mutated in human tumors. In this study, we investigated how p53 is regulated in precancerous lesions prior to mutations in the p53 gene. Analyzing esophageal cells in conditions of genotoxic stress that promotes development of esophageal adenocarcinoma, we find that p53 protein is adducted with reactive isolevuglandins (isoLGs), products of lipid peroxidation.

Husk-like Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Induce Apoptosis through ROS Generation in Epidermoid Carcinoma Cells: Effect of Incubation Period on Sol-Gel Synthesis and Anti-Cancerous Properties.

This study effectively reports the influence of experimental incubation period on the sol-gel production of husk-like zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZNPs) and their anti-cancerous abilities. The surface morphology of ZNPs was studied with the help of SEM. With the use of TEM, the diameter range of the ZNPs was estimated to be ~86 and ~231 nm for ZNP and ZNP, prepared by incubating zinc oxide for 2 and 10 weeks, respectively.

Role of melatonin and quercetin as countermeasures to the mitochondrial dysfunction induced by titanium dioxide nanoparticles.

Aim: Due to the growing commercialization of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TNPs), it is necessary to use these particles in a manner that is safe, healthy and environmental friendly. Through reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, it has been discovered that TNPs have a harmful effect on the brain. The aim of this study is to provide valuable insights into the possible mechanisms of TNPs induced mitochondrial dysfunction in brain and its amelioration by nutraceuticals, quercetin (QR) and melatonin (Mel) in in vitro and in vivo conditions.

Anticancer effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles prepared by varying entry time of ion carriers against A431 skin cancer cells .

Although, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZRTs) as an anti-cancer agent have been the subject of numerous studies, none of the reports has investigated the impact of the reaction entry time of ion-carriers on the preparation of ZRTs. Therefore, we synthesized variants of ZRTs by extending the entry time of NaOH (that acts as a carrier of hydroxyl ions) in the reaction mixture. The anti-proliferative action, morphological changes, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and nuclear apoptosis of ZRTs on human A431 skin carcinoma cells were observed.

Effect of Date Palm () Phytochemicals on Aβ Amyloid Formation: An Analysis.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease and the most prevalent form of dementia. The generation of oxygen free radicals and oxidative damage is believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of AD. It has been suggested that date palm, a plant rich in phenolic compounds and flavonoids, can provide an alternative treatment to fight memory loss and cognitive dysfunction due to its potent antioxidant activity.

Efficacy of Patellar Taping and Electromyographic Biofeedback Training at Various Knee Angles on Quadriceps Strength and Functional Performance in Young Adult Male Athletes with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The severity of the articular lesion is the single most essential element in investigating the extent of flexion that is required for activities. However, a prior study found no differences in muscle strength gains of quadriceps muscles at different knee angles in people with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS).

Objective: The effects of patellar taping and electromyographic biofeedback (EMG-BF)-guided isometric quadriceps strengthening at different knee angles (e.

Interaction of Bioactive Compounds of Moringa oleifera Leaves with SARS-CoV-2 Proteins to Combat COVID-19 Pathogenesis: a Phytochemical and In Silico Analysis.

Novel SARS-CoV-2 claimed a large number of human lives. The main proteins for viral entry into host cells are SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein (PDB ID: 6VYB) and spike receptor-binding domain bound with ACE2 (spike RBD-ACE2; PDB ID: 6M0J). Currently, specific therapies are lacking globally.

Nephroprotective effects of polyherbal extract via attenuation of the severity of kidney dysfunction and oxidative damage in the diabetic experimental model.

In view of many complications of diabetes, kidney failure is considered as one of the main complications. The oxidative stress-induced due to persistent hyperglycemic conditions is the major cause of kidney disease. The present study was designed to explore the nephroprotective efficacy of polyherbal (PH) extract in a diabetic model induced by streptozotocin (STZ).

Effect of plyometric training and neuromuscular electrical stimulation assisted strength training on muscular, sprint, and functional performances in collegiate male football players.

Background: The study's objective was to analyze the influence of an 8-week neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) with a plyometric (PT) and strength training (ST) program on muscular, sprint, and functional performances in collegiate male football players.

Methods: Sixty collegiate male football players participated in this randomized controlled trial single-blind study. All the participants were randomly divided into two groups: (1) NMES group (Experimental, = 30) who received NMES assisted ST and (2) sham NMES group (Control, = 30) who received sham NMES assisted ST.