Catalytic epoxidation of unsaturated fatty acids in palm stearin via in situ peracetic acids mechanism.

Epoxidized vegetable oils present a viable substitute for polymers derived from petroleum. This research focuses on the impact of a process parameter on the epoxidation of palm stearin when zeolite ZSM-5 is used as a catalyst. This study synthesized peracetic acid as the oxidizing agent by combining hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid, adjusting molar ratios relative to palm stearin.

Correction: Unveiling the potential of Cu-Pd/CdS catalysts to supply and rectify electron transfer for H generation from water splitting.

Correction for 'Unveiling the potential of Cu-Pd/CdS catalysts to supply and rectify electron transfer for H generation from water splitting' by Ejaz Hussain , , 2025, , 3436-3450, https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nr03381g.

Hybrid in-situ and ex-situ hydrolysis of catalytic epoxidation neem oil via a peracid mechanism.

The depletion of oil reserves and their price and availability volatility raise researchers' concerns about renewable resources for epoxidized material. This study aims to produce in situ and ex-situ hydrolyzed dihydroxy stearic acid via the epoxidation of neem oil. Epoxidized neem oil was synthesized using in situ-generated performic acid.

GC-MS Analysis, Neuropharmacological, and Antidiarrheal Activities of the Acetone Extract of Najas gracillima Seaweed: In Vivo and In Silico Study.

Najas gracillima, a marine seaweed found in North America and Asia, was investigated for its neuropharmacological and antidiarrheal properties. Acetone extracts of N. gracillima (ANG) were analyzed using both in vivo and in silico methods.

Unveiling the potential of Cu-Pd/CdS catalysts to supply and rectify electron transfer for H generation from water splitting.

As a future fuel, obtaining hydrogen from water could be a game changer for the renewable energy sector, because it has the potential to be used as an alternative to fossil fuels. The current project has been designed to develop catalysts that can produce hydrogen from water on irradiation by sunlight. For this purpose, CdS, Cu/CdS, Pd/CdS, and Cu-Pd/CdS catalysts were successfully synthesised and utilized for hydrogen generation.

Role of mordants in natural fabric dyeing and their environmental impacts.

The textile industry is undergoing a transformative shift towards sustainability, driven by mounting environmental concerns and consumer demand for eco-friendly products. This review article explores the use of mordants in textile dyeing processes, encompassing both traditional metal mordants and emerging bio-mordants. Metal mordants, commonly used in textile dyeing, present environmental challenges due to their toxic nature.

Harnessing mixed-phase MoS for efficient room-temperature ammonia sensing.

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS), a notable two-dimensional (2D) material, has attracted considerable interest for its potential applications in gas sensing, despite its typically insulating characteristics, which have limited its practical use. In this study, we present the use of mixed phase MoS (1T@2H-MoS) to overcome sensing limitations of MoS material by enhancing its conductivity and demonstrating its high-performance characteristics for sensing ammonia (NH) at room temperature (20 °C). The 1T@2H-MoS was synthesized a hydrothermal process, and the coexistence of two different phases (the 1T and 2H phases) was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman spectroscopy.

Filling the Gaps: Vitamin D Status in Diffuse Hair Fall Among Pakistanis.

Introduction: Hair loss can happen for various reasons, including emotional stress, physical strain, certain medical issues, and nutritional gaps. When it comes to nutrition, a lack of vitamin D3 could be linked to diffuse hair loss.

Objectives: The aim was to look for the frequency of vitamin D3 deficiency with diffuse hair fall, especially in the Pakistani population.

Molecular connectomics reveals a glucagon-like peptide 1-sensitive neural circuit for satiety.

Liraglutide and other glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are effective weight loss drugs, but how they suppress appetite remains unclear. One potential mechanism is by activating neurons that inhibit the hunger-promoting Agouti-related peptide (AgRP) neurons of the arcuate hypothalamus (Arc). To identify these afferents, we developed a method combining rabies-based connectomics with single-nucleus transcriptomics.

Molecular Organization of Autonomic, Respiratory, and Spinally-Projecting Neurons in the Mouse Ventrolateral Medulla.

The ventrolateral medulla (VLM) is a crucial region in the brain for visceral and somatic control, serving as a significant source of synaptic input to the spinal cord. Experimental studies have shown that gene expression in individual VLM neurons is predictive of their function. However, the molecular and cellular organization of the VLM has remained uncertain.

The effect of exercise rehabilitation with exergames combined with ice therapy in the treatment of obese patients with gout: protocol for a clinical trial.

Background: Gout remains a leading cause of inflammatory arthritis worldwide, and the main risk factor for gout is persistent hyperuricemia. The clinical management of gout is mostly drug-based, and other treatment options are often ignored. This research proposal will explore whether exergames combined with ice therapy can help patients with gout to lose weight, relieve pain, improve the range of movement, improve quality of life, decrease uric acid level, decrease kinesiophobia and improve mental health of patients with gout.

Integration of transcriptomics, metabolomics, and hormone analysis revealed the formation of lesion spots inhibited by GA and CTK was related to cell death and disease resistance in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

Background: Wheat is one of the important grain crops in the world. The formation of lesion spots related to cell death is involved in disease resistance, whereas the regulatory pathway of lesion spot production and resistance mechanism to pathogens in wheat is largely unknown.

Results: In this study, a pair of NILs (NIL-Lm5 and NIL-Lm5) was constructed from the BCF population by the wheat lesion mimic mutant MC21 and its wild genotype Chuannong 16.

Dorsal motor vagal neurons can elicit bradycardia and reduce anxiety-like behavior.

Cardiovagal neurons (CVNs) innervate cardiac ganglia through the vagus nerve to control cardiac function. Although the cardioinhibitory role of CVNs in nucleus ambiguus (CVN) is well established, the nature and functionality of CVNs in dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (CVN) is less clear. We therefore aimed to characterize CVN anatomically, physiologically, and functionally.

Enhancement of antibacterial and UV protection properties of blended wool/acrylic and silk fabrics by dyeing with the extract of leaves and metal salts.

In response to the heightened awareness of infectious diseases and the growing emphasis on personal protection in daily life, the utilization of natural bioresources for textile fabric dyeing has garnered substantial research attention. This is particularly due to their ability to confer antibacterial and UV protection properties to fabrics. In this study, the dyeing properties of Linn extract, alone and mordanted, were evaluated on blended wool/acrylic and silk fabrics, along with an assessment of their antibacterial and UV protection characteristics.

Preference of the patient's family for family-centred care in a paediatric hospital.

Objective: To explore the dimensions of family-centred care preferred by families of paediatric inpatients in a public healthcare setting.

Methods: The qualitative study was conducted at the National Institute of Child Health, Karachi, from October 2021 to August 2022, and comprised family members of the hospitalised children. Data was collected through three focus group discussions that were guided by a semi-structured questionnaire.

Molecular Disambiguation of Heart Rate Control by the Nucleus Ambiguus.

The nucleus ambiguus (nAmb) provides parasympathetic control of cardiorespiratory functions as well as motor control of the upper airways and striated esophagus. A subset of nAmb neurons innervates the heart through the vagus nerve to control cardiac function at rest and during key autonomic reflexes such as the mammalian diving reflex. These cardiovagal nAmb neurons may be molecularly and anatomically distinct, but how they differ from other nAmb neurons in the adult brain remains unclear.

Terminal-coupling induced critical eigenspectrum transition in closed non-Hermitian loops.

A hallmark feature of non-Hermitian (NH) systems is the non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE), in which the eigenenergy spectra of the system under open boundary conditions (OBC) and periodic boundary conditions (PBC) differ markedly from each other. In particular, the critical NHSE occurs in systems consisting of multiple non-Hermitian chains coupled in parallel where even an infinitesimally small inter-chain coupling can cause the thermodynamic-limit eigenenergy spectrum of the system to deviate significantly from the OBC spectra of the individual component chains. We overturn the conventional wisdom that multiple chains are required for such critical transitions by showing that such a critical effect can also be induced in a single finite-length non-Hermitian chain where its two ends are connected together by a weak terminal coupling to form a closed loop.

The influence of meaningful work on the mental health of SME employees in the COVID-19 era: can coping strategies mediate the relationship?

Background: Stress, depression, and anxiety are prevalent issues among SME employees during the COVID-19 pandemic. Even while having meaningful work that expressively contributes to individual growth has been related to improving mental health, employees' work may also need to adopt coping strategies to increase outcomes. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between meaningful work (positive meaning, meaning-making, and greater good motivations) and mental health, as well as coping strategies (problem-focused and emotion-focused) as a mediator of this relationship.

Dorsal Motor Vagal Neurons Can Elicit Bradycardia and Reduce Anxiety-Like Behavior.

Cardiovagal neurons (CVNs) innervate cardiac ganglia through the vagus nerve to control cardiac function. Although the cardioinhibitory role of CVNs in nucleus ambiguus (CVN) is well established, the nature and functionality of CVNs in dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (CVN) is less clear. We therefore aimed to characterize CVN anatomically, physiologically, and functionally.

COVID 19 infection clinical features in pediatric patients in Southwestern Iran: a cross-sectional, multi-center study.

With the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the impact of recent coronavirus, especially in children, cannot be ignored. In this study, we evaluated the SARS-CoV-2 infection rates and associated features in children less than 18 years of age in "Fars" and "Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad", provinces, Iran. 5943 children who were suspected cases to SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled in this study.

Molecular Connectomics Reveals a Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Sensitive Neural Circuit for Satiety.

Liraglutide and other agonists of the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1RAs) are effective weight loss drugs, but how they suppress appetite remains unclear. One potential mechanism is by activating neurons which inhibit hunger-promoting Agouti-related peptide (AgRP) neurons of the arcuate hypothalamus (Arc). To identify these afferents, we developed a method combining rabies-based connectomics with single-nuclei transcriptomics.

Sustainable approach for catalytic green epoxidation of oleic acid with applied ion exchange resin.

Epoxides were primarily derived from petroleum-based sources. However, there has been limited research on optimizing the process parameters for epoxidized palm oil-derived oleic acid, resulting in its underutilization. Therefore, this study aimed to optimize the catalytic epoxidation of palm oleic acid concerning the oxirane content by applying ion exchange resin as a catalyst.