Impact of very low carbohydrate ketogenic diets on cardiovascular risk factors among patients with type 2 diabetes; GRADE-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials.

Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the impact of VLCKD on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with T2DM.

Methods: Until March 2024, extensive searches were conducted on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and other relevant databases. The purpose was to identify clinical trials examining the impact of VLCKD on glycemic control, lipid profile, and blood pressure.

Fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) rs9939609 (A/T) polymorphism and food preference in obese people with low-calorie intake and non-obese individuals with high-calorie intake.

The purpose of this study was to assess the connection between FTO rs9939609 (A/T) polymorphism and food preference. The study included 77 participants, 36 of whom were obese and had a low-calorie intake, and 41 non-obese participants with a high-calorie intake. Using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), the researchers calculated sweet and fatty food propensity scores.

Biomarker-based validation of a food frequency questionnaire for the assessment of omega-3 fatty acid status in a healthy Iranian population.

There is no valid instrument to assess n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) intake in Iran. This study aims to develop a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) that estimates the intake of n-3 PUFA and validate it in a healthy Iranian population based on the n-3 PUFA content of red blood cells (RBCs) and a 3-day food record (FR). A healthy population (n = 221) was recruited between February and July 2021.

Effect of a comprehensive nutrition education program on nutritional behavior and food security of female-headed households who receive welfare support in Zanjan Province, Iran.

Background: In recent years, the food security and dietary quality of many Iranian families have deteriorated due to unprecedented inflation. Nutrition education programs can be an effective and inexpensive method to improve food quality and security. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of a comprehensive nutrition education program for low-income women who are heads of households and are covered by the Zanjan province's welfare.

Effects of decaffeinated green coffee extract supplementation on anthropometric indices, blood glucose, leptin, adiponectin and neuropeptide Y (NPY) in breast cancer survivors: a randomized clinical trial.

: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of decaffeinated green coffee extract (DGCE) supplementation on anthropometric indices, blood glucose, leptin, adiponectin, and neuropeptide Y (NPY) in breast cancer survivors with obesity. : A total of 44 breast cancer survivors with obesity aged between 18 and 70 years and with a mean body mass index (BMI) of 31.62 ± 4.

Validating dietary assessment tools with energy expenditure measurement methods: Is this accurate?

Having an accurate dietary assessment tool is a necessity for most nutritional studies. As a result, many validation studies have been carried out to assess the validity of commonly used dietary assessment tools. Since based on the energy balance equation, among individuals with a stable weight, Energy Intake (EI) is equal to Energy Expenditure (EE) and there are precise methods for measurement of EE (e.

The protective effects of dietary intake of flavonoids and its subclasses on metabolic syndrome incidence.

This study aimed to evaluate the association between the intake of total flavonoids and flavonoid subclasses and metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk and to assess the modulating effects of lifestyle factors on these associations. A total of 1915 participants from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study were followed-up during 2006-2008 and 2016-2018. Their dietary intake was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire at baseline and within three-year intervals afterward.

The Effects of the Re-imposition of US Sanctions on Food Security in Iran.

Background: Following the re-imposition of US sanctions against Iran in 2018, unprecedented inflation has occurred in Iran's food market that will undoubtedly affect the food security of the Iranian people. The present study aims to determine the effects of the sanctions on food prices and food security of Iranian households.

Methods: Interrupted time series (ITS) analysis was applied to assess the effects of sanctions on the average retail price of food products in Iran.

Circulating Irisin Levels and Redox Status Markers in Patients with Gastric Cancer: A Case-Control Study.

Objective: Irisin, mostly known as an exercise-induced fat browning myokine, has been recently detected in several cancer cells, and its potential for being utilized as a biomarker for early diagnosis of some cancers, such as Gastric cancer (GC), is the subject of speculation. The present study aims to compare serum irisin levels in GC patients and healthy controls and assess the interrelation between irisin and oxidative stress markers.

Methods: In this case-control study, 22 newly diagnosed GC patients and 29 healthy controls were recruited based on the inclusion criteria.

Habitual dietary intake of flavonoids and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: Golestan cohort study.

Background And Objectives: Flavonoids are the most important group of polyphenols with well-known beneficial effects on health. However; the association of intake of total flavonoid or their subclasses with all-cause or cause-specific mortality is not fully understood. The present study aims to evaluate the association between intake of total flavonoid, flavonoid subclasses, and total and cause-specific mortality in a developing country.

Does the association between patterns of fruit and vegetables and metabolic syndrome incidence vary according to lifestyle factors and socioeconomic status?

Background And Aims: The aim of this study is to investigate the association between the identified patterns of fruits and vegetables and metabolic syndrome (MetS) incidence, and to investigate whether lifestyle factors and socioeconomic status modify the effect of the patterns on MetS risk.

Methods And Results: We prospectively studied 1915 participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study, who were aged 19-74 years and followed up for dietary assessment using a validated, semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. After adjustment for confounding factors, total vegetable intake was inversely related to the risk of MetS.

Curcumin mediated down-regulation of α β integrin and up-regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) in Erlotinib resistant SW480 colon cancer cells.

Erlotinib is a potent, selective, and orally active inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor, but the development of erlotinib resistance during chemotherapy can lead to treatment failure. To shed light on the erlotinib-resistant pathway, this study investigated the effect of combination therapy using curcumin- and erlotinib-loaded nanoparticles on the expression of α β integrin and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) in an erlotinib-resistant SW480 colon cancer cell line. An erlotinib-resistant SW480 colon cancer cell line was produced by long-term exposure to erlotinib.

Investigating the Antiangiogenic, Anti-drug Resistance and Apoptotic Effects of Soy Isoflavone Extract Alone or in Combination with Docetaxel on Murine 4T1 Breast Tumor Model.

Background: One major concern in the treatment of cancer patients during chemotherapy is drug resistance. Here we investigated the effects of soy isoflavone extracts alone or in combination with Docetaxel on the drug resistance, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and tumor volume in mouse 4T1 breast tumor model.

Methods: Sixty female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: control, dietary soy isoflavone extract [Iso, 100 mg/kg diet (0.

Effect of Curcumin Supplementation During Radiotherapy on Oxidative Status of Patients with Prostate Cancer: A Double Blinded, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study.

Curcumin is an antioxidant agent with both radiosensitizing and radioprotective properties. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of curcumin supplementation on oxidative status of patients with prostate cancer who undergo radiotherapy. Forty patients treated with radiotherapy for prostate cancer were randomized to the curcumin (CG, n = 20) or placebo group (PG, n = 20).

Effect of nanocomposite packaging containing ZnO on growth of Bacillus subtilis and Enterobacter aerogenes.

Recent advances in nanotechnology have opened new windows in active food packaging. Nano-sized ZnO is an inexpensive material with potential antimicrobial properties. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the antibacterial effect of low density Polyethylene (LDPE) containing ZnO nanoparticles on Bacillus subtilis and Enterobacter aerogenes.

Beyond androgen deprivation: ancillary integrative strategies for targeting the androgen receptor addiction of prostate cancer.

The large majority of clinical prostate cancers remain dependent on androgen receptor (AR) activity for proliferation even as they lose their responsiveness to androgen deprivation or antagonism. AR activity can be maintained in these circumstances by increased AR synthesis--often reflecting increased NF-κB activation; upregulation of signaling pathways that promote AR activity in the absence of androgens; and by emergence of AR mutations or splice variants lacking the ligand-binding domain, which render the AR constitutively active. Drugs targeting the N-terminal transactivating domain of the AR, some of which are now in preclinical development, can be expected to inhibit the activity not only of unmutated ARs but also of the mutant forms and splice variants selected for by androgen deprivation.

Type 2 diabetes: a protective factor for prostate cancer? An overview of proposed mechanisms.

Diabetes mellitus and prostate cancer are 2 of the most important public health concerns, especially in the elderly population. Although diabetes has been recognized as a potent risk factor for many types of cancers, there is a large amount of evidence that shows that it has a protective role against prostate cancer. The underlying cause of this protective role is not fully understood, however, some mechanisms have been proposed in this area.

Dietary polyphenols and metabolic syndrome among Iranian adults.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between total polyphenol intake, its subclasses (including flavonoids, phenolic acids, stilbenes and lignans), and the metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Methods: This population-based cross-sectional study was conducted on a representative of 2618 adults, aged 19 to 84 years. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food-frequency questionnaire and intakes of total polyphenol and four main subclasses of polyphenol including flavonoids, phenolic acids, stilbenes and lignans were determined.

Nutritional status of Iranian women with rheumatoid arthritis: an assessment of dietary intake and disease activity.

Background: Long-standing chronic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis are known to be associated with impairment of nutritional status to some degree. The present study aimed to assess nutritional status of women with rheumatoid arthritis and compare their ingestion of certain micronutrients with dietary reference intakes.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 90 eligible women were recruited.

Nutritional status among postmenopausal osteoporotic women in North West of Iran.

Background: Osteoporosis is a multifactorial disease and one of the most important modifiable factors in the development and maintenance of bone mass is nutrition.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the nutritional status among osteoporotic postmenopausal women in north west of Iran and compare intake of several nutrients important in terms of bone health with the standard values (DRIs).

Design: Bone mineral density of the left proximal femur, the lumbar spine and total hip were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.