Co-infections of major tick-borne pathogens of dogs in Andhra Pradesh, South India.

Implementing hemoprotozoan control strategies in dogs has become difficult because of the co-infections. A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was carried out for simultaneous detection of the co-infections of , and from dogs (N = 442) in Andhra Pradesh, South India. The co-infection combinations were classified as (i) + + (BEH), (ii) + (BE), (iii) + (BH) and (iv) + (EH) groups.