THE PREVALENCE OF MYOPIA IN SCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN IN SLOVAKIA AND THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC.

Aims: The aim of the authors' study was to determine the prevalence of myopia and premyopia in children and adolescents attending primary school in a village in the north of Slovakia in the period before and after the peak of the Covid-19 pandemic.

Material And Methods: Changes in the spherical equivalent and axial length of the eyes were measured in 2019 and 2022 in a group of 47 children and adolescents within the age range of 7-12 years at the time of first measurement. In all the individuals, refraction was measured using an automatic keratorefractometer without the use of cycloplegic eye drops, and axial length was measured with an optical biometer.

Reference Values for Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Young Male Slovak Athletes.

Background: The reference values of young athletes for cardiopulmonary exercise testing are lacking. Expert opinions encourage production of local values specific for certain population.

Patients And Methods: The study population consisted of 136 healthy male caucasian athletic children and adolescents coming from one specific football school in northern Slovakia.

Young and exhausted.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS), also known as myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME), is a complicated disease characterized by extreme fatigue of at least six months duration. It is necessary to rule out the organic cause of CFS in the pediatric patient in order not to overlook the preventable or the treatable condition. In our case report we present a case of a patient with a surprising origin OF CFS/ME diagnosed by cardiopulmonary exercise testing.

Bone metabolism in cow milk allergic children.

Children with cow milk allergy are suspected to develop calcium metabolism disturbances. We observed increased markers of bone turnover in these children. Children with cow milk allergy are more prone to develop the disturbances of the bone mineralization even in the first year of life.

Reproducibility of food atopy patch tests over time in the general child population.

Background: The atopy patch test (APT) is no longer an experimental method; it is increasingly being used as a standard diagnostic tool for the characterization of patients with aeroallergen- and food-triggered disorders. Some technical aspects of this test still remain to be answered. We aimed to study the reproducibility of this test over time in the general child population.

Food allergens and respiratory symptoms.

Food allergy may be clinically expressed by a variety of respiratory symptoms, which can be provoked either by IgE- or cellular mediated reactions. Among the diagnostic procedures, newly introduced atopy patch test seems to be important for diagnosis of cellular, delayed immune reactions. We studied the prevalence of positive atopy patch tests with food and inhalant allergens and the correlation between the positivity of atopy patch tests and questionnaire derived atopic and nonatopic espiratory symptoms and diseases in an unselected children population.

Results of the first studies of occurence of ochratoxin A in human milk in Slovakia.

Unlabelled: Authors bring the work the purpose of which is to offer information about quality of human milk from the viewpoint of possible contamination with mycotoxin Ochratoxin A from the fist analyses in Slovakia. One of its main toxic effect is nephrotoxicity, immunotoxicity, neurotoxicity, teratogenity and carcinogenity.

Material And Procedure: 76 samples of human milk from locality Martin and the corresponding zone were analysed by technique of High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) in conditions as mentioned below.

[Evaluation of blood flow in the renal artery and intraparenchymal arteries in neonates using color doppler sonography].

The authors examined 25 kidneys in 14 healthy neonates in order to evaluate the resistive index (RI) calculated from the maximal systolic and end-diastolic rate of blood flow in the renal artery and some intraparenchymatous arteries. They revealed a significant drop of all absolute rates of blood flow in arteries in the direction to the renal periphery. Consistent with rather few data in the literature, they assessed a normal RI value of intraparenchymatous arteries in healthy neonates (0.

[Carbocysteine in the treatment of recurrent bronchitis in infants].

In a group of 51 children aged 6-24 months the therapeutic effectiveness of the mucolytic preparation carbocysteine was tested and compared with the effect of Ipeca syrup. The effect was evaluated by means of a point score comprising changes of the clinical picture of the disease and the use of other laboratory examinations. The results of the examination revealed the more favourable effect of carbocysteine, as compared with a mixture of Ipeca syrup in the treatment of acute relapsing bronchitis in infants.