The effects of cognitive therapy versus 'no intervention' for major depressive disorder.

Background: Major depressive disorder afflicts an estimated 17% of individuals during their lifetimes at tremendous suffering and costs. Cognitive therapy may be an effective treatment option for major depressive disorder, but the effects have only had limited assessment in systematic reviews.

Methods/principal Findings: We used The Cochrane systematic review methodology with meta-analyses and trial sequential analyses of randomized trials comparing the effects of cognitive therapy versus 'no intervention' for major depressive disorder.

Intratumor heterogeneity and chemotherapy-induced changes in EGFR status in non-small cell lung cancer.

Introduction: Biomarker expression is increasingly being used to customize treatment in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The choice of systemic treatment usually depends on biomarker expression in the initial diagnostic biopsy taken before initiation of first-line treatment. Chemotherapy induces DNA damages in the tumor cells, and thus, biomarker expression in the tumor after systemic treatment might not be identical to biomarker expression in the diagnostic biopsy.

Effects of cognitive therapy versus interpersonal psychotherapy in patients with major depressive disorder: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials with meta-analyses and trial sequential analyses.

Background: Major depressive disorder afflicts an estimated 17% of individuals during their lifetime at tremendous suffering and cost. Cognitive therapy and interpersonal psychotherapy are treatment options, but their effects have only been limitedly compared in systematic reviews.

Method: Using Cochrane systematic review methodology we compared the benefits and harm of cognitive therapy versus interpersonal psychotherapy for major depressive disorder.

Exposure to road traffic and railway noise and associations with blood pressure and self-reported hypertension: a cohort study.

Background: Epidemiological studies suggest that long-term exposure to transport noise increases the risk for cardiovascular disorders. The effect of transport noise on blood pressure and hypertension is uncertain.

Methods: In 1993-1997, 57,053 participants aged 50-64 year were enrolled in a population-based cohort study.

Lower muscle endurance in patients with alcoholic liver disease.

Patients with alcoholic liver disease often complain of restricted physical capacity, which could be due to decreased muscle endurance. The aim of this study was to assess the muscular endurance in patients with alcoholic liver disease. In a cross sectional study, 24 patients with alcoholic liver disease and 22 controls were evaluated using isometric dynamometry.

[Exfoliative dermatitis as a side effect of intravenous immunoglobulin treatment].

Three patients with immune-mediated polyneuropathies developed rash, eczema, whole body scaling, vesicles in hands and loss of hair a few days after infusion of large doses of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). The condition was diagnosed as exfoliative dermatitis. Two out of three patients were afterwards treated with low doses of IVIG slowly increased over a year given under the protection of oral steroids.

Temperate bioerosion: ichnodiversity and biodiversity from intertidal to bathyal depths (Azores).

In the temperate Azores carbonate factory, a substantial fraction of the calcareous skeletal components is recycled by a remarkable biodiversity of biota producing bioerosion traces (incipient trace fossils). To study this biodiversity, experimental carbonate substrates were exposed to colonisation by epilithic and endolithic organisms along a bathymetrical gradient from 0 to 500 m depth, during 1 and 2 years of exposure. The overall bioerosion ichnodiversity is very high and comprises 56 ichnotaxa and ichnoforms attributed to cyanobacteria, chlorophytes, fungi, other micro-chemotrophs, macroborers, grazers and epilithic attachment scars.

Principal component and factor analytic models in international sire evaluation.

Background: Interbull is a non-profit organization that provides internationally comparable breeding values for globalized dairy cattle breeding programmes. Due to different trait definitions and models for genetic evaluation between countries, each biological trait is treated as a different trait in each of the participating countries. This yields a genetic covariance matrix of dimension equal to the number of countries which typically involves high genetic correlations between countries.

Seasonal variation of provitamin D2 and vitamin D2 in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.).

Ergosterol (provitamin D(2)) is converted to vitamin D(2) in grass by exposure to UV light. Six varieties of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) were harvested four times during the season, and the contents of vitamin D(2) and ergosterol were analyzed by a sensitive and selective liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method.

Normalized muscle strength, aerobic capacity, and walking performance in chronic stroke: a population-based study on the potential for endurance and resistance training.

Objectives: To assess muscle strength, aerobic capacity, and walking performance compared with normative values in chronic hemiparetic stroke patients and, thereby, to investigate the potential for endurance and resistance training. Second, to study the relations between muscle strength, aerobic capacity, and walking performance using normalized test values.

Design: Population-based, cross-sectional study.

[Haemolytic anaemia as a complication to intravenous infusion of human immunoglobulin].

A 85-year-old female treated for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy had three episodes of anaemia one week following treatment with large doses (2g/kg body weight) of immunoglobulin (Ig). At the final episode, she presented with haemolytic anaemia with fatigue, jaundice and loss of appetite. During the next two months anaemia was recognized in two additional cases.

The effects of cognitive therapy versus 'treatment as usual' in patients with major depressive disorder.

Background: Major depressive disorder afflicts an estimated 17% of individuals during their lifetimes at tremendous suffering and costs. Cognitive therapy may be an effective treatment option for major depressive disorder, but the effects have only had limited assessment in systematic reviews.

Methods/principal Findings: Cochrane systematic review methodology, with meta-analyses and trial sequential analyses of randomized trials, are comparing the effects of cognitive therapy versus 'treatment as usual' for major depressive disorder.

Distribution of vitamins A (retinol) and E (α-tocopherol) in polar bear kidney: Implications for biomarker studies.

Vitamins A and E content of inner organs, among these the kidneys, are increasingly being used as an indicator of adverse effects caused to the organism by e.g. environmental contaminants.

Principal component approach in variance component estimation for international sire evaluation.

Background: The dairy cattle breeding industry is a highly globalized business, which needs internationally comparable and reliable breeding values of sires. The international Bull Evaluation Service, Interbull, was established in 1983 to respond to this need. Currently, Interbull performs multiple-trait across country evaluations (MACE) for several traits and breeds in dairy cattle and provides international breeding values to its member countries.

The effect of interpersonal psychotherapy and other psychodynamic therapies versus 'treatment as usual' in patients with major depressive disorder.

Background: Major depressive disorder afflicts an estimated 17% of individuals during their lifetimes at tremendous suffering and costs. Interpersonal psychotherapy and other psychodynamic therapies may be effective interventions for major depressive disorder, but the effects have only had limited assessment in systematic reviews.

Methods/principal Findings: Cochrane systematic review methodology with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis of randomized trials comparing the effect of psychodynamic therapies versus 'treatment as usual' for major depressive disorder.

Udder health and female fertility traits are favourably correlated and support each other in multi-trait evaluations.

Genetic parameters were estimated for protein yield (PY), clinical mastitis (CM), somatic cell score, number of inseminations (NI) and days from calving to first insemination (CFI) in first-parity Swedish Red cows by series of tri-variate linear animal models. The heritability of PY was moderate (0.34 ± 0.

Review on clinical trials of targeted treatments in malignant mesothelioma.

Purpose: Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an aggressive tumor of the serosal surfaces with a poor prognosis. Advances in the understanding of tumor biology have led to the development of several targeted treatments, which have been evaluated in clinical trials. This article is a comprehensive review of all clinical trials evaluating the effect of targeted treatments in MM.

Short communication: Quantifying bias in a single-trait international model ignoring covariances from multiple-trait national models.

The current method in use for international genetic evaluations, called single-trait multiple across-country evaluation (ST-MACE), does not consider residual covariances among traits, making possible only the inclusion of one trait per country in an analysis. The aim of this study was to quantify the effect of bias resulting from treating traits from the same country as nationally independent in an international genetic evaluation. Data from the September 2007 Interbull test evaluation for Holstein female fertility traits were used.

The effect of adding psychodynamic therapy to antidepressants in patients with major depressive disorder. A systematic review of randomized clinical trials with meta-analyses and trial sequential analyses.

Background: Major depressive disorder afflicts an estimated 17% of individuals during their lifetimes at tremendous suffering and costs. Psychodynamic therapy may be a treatment option for depression, but the effects have only been limitedly assessed in systematic reviews.

Method: Using Cochrane systematic review methodology, we compared the benefits and harms of psychodynamic therapy versus 'no intervention' or sham for major depressive disorder.

Contrast enhanced ultrasound in the detection of liver metastases: a prospective multi-centre dose testing study using a perfluorobutane microbubble contrast agent (NC100100).

Objective: To conduct a dose testing analysis of perfluorobutane microbubble (NC100100) contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) to determine the optimal dose for detection of liver metastases in patients with extra-hepatic primary malignancy.

Methods: 157 patients were investigated with conventional US and CEUS. CEUS was performed following intravenous administration of perfluorobutane microbubbles (using one dose of either 0.

Irinotecan and bevacizumab in recurrent glioblastoma multiforme.

Introduction: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common high grade primary brain tumor in adults. Despite significant advances in treatment, the prognosis remains poor. Bevacizumab (BVZ) and irinotecan (CPT-11) are currently being investigated in the treatment of GBM patients.

Hygiene-related and feed-related hoof diseases show different patterns of genetic correlations to clinical mastitis and female fertility.

Hoof diseases are a problem in many dairy herds. To study one aspect of the problem, genetic correlations between 4 hoof diseases, protein yield, clinical mastitis, number of inseminations, and days from calving to first insemination were estimated in first-parity Swedish Red cows using trivariate linear animal models. Occurrence of dermatitis, heel horn erosion, sole hemorrhage, and sole ulcer were reported by hoof trimmers.

Estimation of the dietary requirement for vitamin D in healthy adolescent white girls.

Background: Knowledge gaps have contributed to considerable variation (between 0 and 15 μg/d) in international dietary recommendations for vitamin D in adolescents.

Objective: We aimed to establish the distribution of dietary vitamin D required to maintain serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations above several proposed cutoffs (25, 37.5, 40, and 50 nmol/L) during wintertime in adolescent white girls.

Road traffic noise and stroke: a prospective cohort study.

Aims: Epidemiological studies suggest that long-term exposure to road traffic noise increases the risk of cardiovascular disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between exposure to road traffic noise and risk for stroke, which has not been studied before.

Methods And Results: In a population-based cohort of 57,053 people, we identified 1881 cases of first-ever stroke in a national hospital register between 1993-1997 and 2006.