Neoadjuvant Pembrolizumab in Stage I-III Deficient Mismatch Repair Colon Cancer: A Clinical Trial.

Objective: This clinical trial investigated the safety and efficacy of single-cycle pembrolizumab in patients with localized deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) colon cancer.

Background: Neoadjuvant immunotherapy has induced remarkable rates of pathological complete response in patients with dMMR colon cancer. However, the optimal length and type of treatment are yet to be determined.

The SaVe project - Sarcopenia and Vertigo in aging patients with colorectal cancer: A study protocol for three randomized controlled trials.

Introduction: Older patients with cancer range from fit to frail with various comorbidities and resilience to chemotherapy. Besides nausea and fatigue, a significant number of patients experience dizziness and impaired walking balance after chemotherapy, which can have great impact on their functional ability and health related quality of life. Symptoms are easily overlooked and therefore often underreported and managed, which is why symptoms could end up as long-lasting side effects.

Therapy with pembrolizumab in treatment-naïve patients with nonmetastatic, mismatch repair deficient colorectal cancer.

Therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) is effective in patients with metastatic mismatch-repair deficient (dMMR) colorectal cancer (CRC); however, data on treatment with neoadjuvant ICI in patients with locally advanced CRC are limited. From March 2019 to June 2020, five Danish oncological centers treated 10 patients with a treatment-naïve dMMR CRC with preoperative pembrolizumab, 9 with a nonmetastatic, unresectable colon cancer and 1 with a locally advanced rectum cancer. All 10 patients were evaluated regularly at a multidisciplinary team (MDT) meeting, and they all had a radical resection after a median of 8 cycles (range 2-13) of pembrolizumab.

The circulating soluble form of the CD40 costimulatory immune checkpoint receptor and liver metastasis risk in rectal cancer.

Background: In colorectal cancer, the inflamed tumour microenvironment with its angiogenic activities is immune- tolerant and incites progression to liver metastasis. We hypothesised that angiogenic and inflammatory factors in serum samples from patients with non-metastatic rectal cancer could inform on liver metastasis risk.

Methods: We measured 84 angiogenic and inflammatory markers in serum sampled at the time of diagnosis within the population-based cohort of 122 stage I-III patients.

Cetuximab plus irinotecan administered biweekly with reduced infusion time to heavily pretreated patients with metastatic colorectal cancer and related RAS and BRAF mutation status.

Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is treated with cetuximab 250 mg/m administered weekly over 1 hour or biweekly (q2w) over 3.5 hours when combined with irinotecan. This prospective study investigated cetuximab 500 mg/m plus irinotecan 180 mg/m administered q2w over 1.

Prognostic and predictive value of circulating DNA for hepatic arterial infusion of chemotherapy for patients with colorectal cancer liver metastases.

Hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) of chemotherapy is an experimental treatment option for patients with colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRCLM). The current study aimed to investigate the predictive and prognostic value of cell free DNA (cfDNA) in patients with CRCLM receiving HAI with oxaliplatin and systemic capecitabine. Plasma samples from 62 patients were investigated who were included into a single arm phase II study investigating HAI treatment for patients with CRCLM.

Hepatic pinworm infestation misdiagnosed as a liver metastasis in a patient with colonic adenocarcinoma.

An extra-intestinal infestation of (pinworm) is uncommon. We present a case of hepatic infestation of pinworm in a 57-year-old woman, misdiagnosed as a colorectal adenocarcinoma metastasis. The route of migration from the intestine to the liver is not well established but the most plausible route seems to be hematogenous.

Sex-related differences in primary metastatic site in rectal cancer; associated with hemodynamic factors?

Background And Purpose: We investigated how features relating to pelvic cavity anatomy and tumor hemodynamic factors may influence systemic failure in rectal cancer.

Materials And Methods: Rectal cancer patients (207 women, 343 men), who had been prospectively enrolled onto six cohorts and given curative-intent therapy, were analyzed for the first metastatic event. In one of the cohorts, the diameter of the inferior mesenteric vein (IMV) was assessed on diagnostic abdominal computed tomography images (n = 113).

Cell-free DNA and preoperative chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer: a systematic review.

Background: Preoperative chemoradiotherapy is the standard of care for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer, yet valid circulating biomarkers are lacking. We aimed at systematically reviewing the literature of cell-free DNA and locally advanced rectal cancer.

Methods: A systematic literature search was performed.

Systemic immune response induced by oxaliplatin-based neoadjuvant therapy favours survival without metastatic progression in high-risk rectal cancer.

Background: Systemic failure remains a challenge in rectal cancer. We investigated the possible systemic anti-tumour immune activity invoked within oxaliplatin-based neoadjuvant therapy.

Methods: In two high-risk patient cohorts, we assessed the circulating levels of the fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3L), a factor reflecting both therapy-induced myelosuppression and activation of tumour antigen-presenting dendritic cells, at baseline and following induction chemotherapy and sequential chemoradiotherapy, both modalities containing oxaliplatin.

Capecitabine and Oxaliplatin Before, During, and After Radiotherapy for High-Risk Rectal Cancer.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of capecitabine and oxaliplatin before, during, and after radiotherapy for high-risk rectal cancer.

Patients And Methods: Patients with rectum cancer T4 or T3 involving the mesorectal fascia was included in a prospective phase 2 trial. Liver or lung metastases were accepted if the surgeons found them resectable.

Circulating microRNAs as Prognostic and Predictive Biomarkers in Patients with Colorectal Cancer.

MiRNAs are suggested as promising cancer biomarkers. They are stable and extractable from a variety of clinical tissue specimens (fresh frozen or formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue) and a variety of body fluids (e.g.

Clinical utility of KRAS status in circulating plasma DNA compared to archival tumour tissue from patients with metastatic colorectal cancer treated with anti-epidermal growth factor receptor therapy.

Background: Circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in plasma is a mixture of DNA from malignant and normal cells, and can be used as a liquid biopsy to detect and quantify tumour specific mutations e.g. KRAS.

CT versus FDG-PET/CT response evaluation in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer treated with irinotecan and cetuximab.

We compared morphologic computed tomography (CT)-based to metabolic fluoro-deoxy-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/CT-based response evaluation in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer and correlated the findings with survival and KRAS status. From 2006 to 2009, patients were included in a phase II trial and treated with cetuximab and irinotecan every second week. They underwent FDG-PET/CT examination at baseline and after every fourth treatment cycle.

miR-345 in metastatic colorectal cancer: a non-invasive biomarker for clinical outcome in non-KRAS mutant patients treated with 3rd line cetuximab and irinotecan.

Introduction: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have important regulatory functions in cellular processes and have shown promising potential as prognostic markers for disease outcome in patients with cancer. The aim of the present study was to find miRNA expression profiles in whole blood that were prognostic for overall survival (OS) in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) treated with cetuximab and irinotecan.

Methods: From 138 patients with mCRC in 3rd line therapy with cetuximab and irinotecan in a prospective phase II study, 738 pretreatment miRNAs were isolated and profiled from whole blood using the TaqMan MicroRNA Array v2.

Metabolomic NMR fingerprinting to identify and predict survival of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.

Earlier detection of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) might improve their treatment and survival outcomes. In this study, we used proton nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)H-NMR) to profile the serum metabolome in patients with mCRC and determine whether a disease signature may exist that is strong enough to predict overall survival (OS). In 153 patients with mCRC and 139 healthy subjects from three Danish hospitals, we profiled two independent sets of serum samples in a prospective phase II study.

Normal secretion and action of the gut incretin hormones glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide in young men with low birth weight.

Context: Low birth weight (LBW) is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. An impaired incretin effect was reported previously in type 2 diabetic patients.

Objective: We studied the secretion and action of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) in young LBW men (n = 24) and matched normal birth weight controls (NBW) (n = 25).