Early signs of atherosclerosis in diabetic children on intensive insulin treatment: a population-based study.

Objective: To evaluate early stages of atherosclerosis and predisposing factors in type 1 diabetic children and adolescents compared with age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects.

Research Design And Methods: All children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes, aged 8-18 years in Health Region South-East in Norway were invited to participate in the study (n = 800). A total of 40% (n = 314) agreed to participate and were compared with 118 age-matched healthy control subjects.

The establishment of a new national network leads to quality improvement in childhood diabetes: implementation of the ISPAD Guidelines.

Aims: To investigate whether implementation of International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD) Guidelines and the establishment of a system for nationwide anonymous comparison, between treatment centres, of quality indicators for childhood diabetes could lead to improvement in diabetes care.

Methods: Children and adolescents with type-1 diabetes in Norway are treated at the public hospitals. Data were collected prospectively yearly according to standardized written instructions.

LV systolic impairment in patients with asymptomatic coronary heart disease and type 1 diabetes is related to coronary atherosclerosis, glycaemic control and advanced glycation endproducts.

Aims: To evaluate whether heart failure in type 1 diabetes is linked to poor glycaemic control, coronary atherosclerosis or advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs).

Methods: Twenty six patients with type 1 diabetes (mean duration 32+/-5 years), and 16 age matched controls were recruited. Mean HbA(1c) through 18 years (HbA(1c)18), serum levels of AGEs and coronary atherosclerotic burden (CAB) were determined by IVUS.

Intracoronary ultrasound examinations reveal significantly more advanced coronary atherosclerosis in people with type 1 diabetes than in age- and sex-matched non-diabetic controls.

Aims/hypothesis: The extent of coronary atherosclerosis is significantly more advanced in symptomatic type 1 diabetes patients than in symptomatic non-diabetic patients. Whether this difference exists between asymptomatic individuals with diabetes and controls is not documented. In vivo imaging techniques allow quantification of the difference at a preclinical stage.

Strong association between time watching television and blood glucose control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

Objective: To examine the relationship between blood glucose control and the time spent watching television in Norwegian children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in a population-based study.

Research Design And Methods: A total of 538 children and adolescents from 9 hospitals in the eastern part of Norway participated in the study; 70% of eligible subjects participated. The time spent watching television and time using a computer was recorded separately by interview together with clinical data.

Eighteen years of fair glycemic control preserves cardiac autonomic function in type 1 diabetes.

Objective: To study the association between 18 years of mean HbA(1c) and cardiac autonomic function in type 1 diabetic patients having used intensive insulin treatment.

Research Design And Methods: A total of 39 patients with type 1 diabetes were followed during 18 years, and HbA(1c) was measured yearly. At 18 years follow-up heart rate variability (HRV) measurements were used to assess cardiac autonomic function.

Optimal blood glucose control during 18 years preserves peripheral nerve function in patients with 30 years' duration of type 1 diabetes.

Objective: To assess the association between 18 years of mean HbA(1c) and nerve conduction parameters of the lower limb in patients with type 1 diabetes of 30 years' duration.

Research Design And Methods: HbA(1c) has been examined prospectively since 1982 in a group of 39 patients with type 1 diabetes. Mean age at baseline was 25 years (range 18-40) with 12 years' disease duration.