Early Prediction of Response of Hepatocellular Carcinoma to Yttrium-90 Radiation Segmentectomy Using a Machine Learning MR Imaging Radiomic Approach.

Purpose: To assess the accuracy of a machine learning (ML) approach based on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging radiomic quantification obtained before treatment and early after treatment for prediction of early hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) response to yttrium-90 transarterial radioembolization (TARE).

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective single-center study of 76 patients with HCC, baseline and early (1-2 months) post-TARE MR images were collected. Semiautomated tumor segmentation facilitated extraction of shape, first-order histogram, and custom signal intensity-based radiomic features, which were then trained (n = 46) using a ML XGBoost model and validated on a separate cohort (n = 30) not used in training to predict treatment response assessed at 4-6 months (based on modified Response and Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors criteria).

Medical Student Attitudes Toward the Use of Peer Physical Exam for Learning Fundoscopy.

 Peer physical examination learning is commonly practiced in medical schools during preclinical curricula and has been shown to improve empathy for patients. While there is literature regarding medical student attitudes toward peer physical exam learning, no studies to date have specifically examined student attitudes toward fundoscopy and dilation of the eyes for the purposes of learning fundoscopy. This study evaluates medical student preferences with regards to learning fundoscopy on peers and explores attitudes toward alternate approaches.

A multi-scale/multi-physics model for the theoretical study of the vascular configuration of retinal capillary plexuses based on OCTA data.

The retinal tissue is highly metabolically active and is responsible for translating the visual stimuli into electrical signals to be delivered to the brain. A complex vascular structure ensures an adequate supply of blood and oxygen, which is essential for the function and survival of the retinal tissue. To date, a complete understanding of the configuration of the retinal vascular structures is still lacking.

Risks and rewards of increasing patient access to medical records in clinical ophthalmology using OpenNotes.

Background: The implementation of OpenNotes and corresponding increase in patient access to medical records requires thorough assessment of the risks and benefits of note-sharing. Ophthalmology notes are unique among medical records in that they extensively utilize non-standardized abbreviations and drawings; they are often indecipherable even to highly-educated clinicians outside of ophthalmology. No studies to date have assessed ophthalmologist perceptions of OpenNotes.

Open Conjunctival Approach for Sub-Tenon's Xen Gel Stent Placement and Bleb Morphology by Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography.

Prcis: Sub-Tenon's implantation of the Xen Gel stent resulted in significant intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering along with a low rate of postoperative bleb needling, and a favorable bleb morphology on anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT).

Purpose: The aim was to assess clinical outcomes and bleb morphology following sub-Tenon's implantation of the Xen Gel Stent.

Methods: The medical records of patients who underwent sub-Tenon's Xen Gel Stent implantation with intraoperative mitomycin-C through an open conjunctival approach were reviewed.

Two-Year Experience With Latanoprostene Bunod in Clinical Practice.

Precis: We retrospectively reviewed records of patients prescribed latanoprostene bunod 0.024% (LBN) to assess its efficacy and safety in a real-world clinical setting. LBN was efficacious in lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) and had a favorable safety profile.

The Effect of Phacoemulsification on Intraocular Pressure in Eyes with Preexisting Glaucoma Drainage Implants.

Purpose: To study the effect of phacoemulsification on intraocular pressure (IOP) control in patients with preexisting glaucoma drainage implants (GDIs).

Design: Retrospective, observational case series.

Participants: A total of 45 patients (51 eyes) with previously placed GDIs who underwent phacoemulsification between January 2013 and March 2018.

Training in and comfort with diagnosis and management of ophthalmic emergencies among emergency medicine physicians in the United States.

Background/objectives: Patients with ophthalmic emergencies often present to emergency rooms. Emergency medicine (EM) physicians should feel comfortable encountering these conditions. We assessed EM physicians' comfort working up, diagnosing, and managing ophthalmic emergencies.

The Efficacy of the After-visit Summary in Medication Recall Among Glaucoma Patients.

Unlabelled: PRéCIS:: To assess the after-visit summary (AVS) as a tool for glaucoma medication recall. Medication recall was associated with level of education and complexity of medication regimen. Receiving an AVS was not associated with better medication recall.

Restrained Dendritic Growth of Adult-Born Granule Cells Innervated by Transplanted Fetal GABAergic Interneurons in Mice with Temporal Lobe Epilepsy.

The dentate gyrus (DG) is a region of the adult rodent brain that undergoes continuous neurogenesis. Seizures and loss or dysfunction of GABAergic synapses onto adult-born dentate granule cells (GCs) alter their dendritic growth and migration, resulting in dysmorphic and hyperexcitable GCs. Additionally, transplants of fetal GABAergic interneurons in the DG of mice with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) result in seizure suppression, but it is unknown whether increasing interneurons with these transplants restores GABAergic innervation to adult-born GCs.

APOE Stabilization by Exercise Prevents Aging Neurovascular Dysfunction and Complement Induction.

Aging is the major risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, but little is known about the processes that lead to age-related decline of brain structures and function. Here we use RNA-seq in combination with high resolution histological analyses to show that aging leads to a significant deterioration of neurovascular structures including basement membrane reduction, pericyte loss, and astrocyte dysfunction. Neurovascular decline was sufficient to cause vascular leakage and correlated strongly with an increase in neuroinflammation including up-regulation of complement component C1QA in microglia/monocytes.