Quantification of daily workload, energy expenditure, and sleep of US Marine recruits throughout a 10-week boot camp.

Background: During periods of high-volume vigorous exercise, United States Marine Corps recruits often experience musculoskeletal injuries. While the program of instruction (POI) for basic training is a defined training volume, the total workload of boot camp, including movements around the base, is unknown.

Objective: The present study aimed to quantify the daily total workload, energy expenditure, and sleep during basic recruit training at Marine Corps Recruit Depot (MCRD) San Diego.

Efficacy of closed cell wet-suit at various depths and gas mixtures for thermoprotection during military training dives.

To evaluate a closed-cell wet-suit for thermal protective capability during extreme cold water exposure at various depths. Thirteen (n = 13) elite military divers who were tasked with cold-water training, participated in this study. To mimic various depths, the Ocean Simulation Facility (OSF) at the Navy Experimental Diving Unit (NEDU) was pressurized to simulate dive depths of 30, 50, and 75fsw.

Don't Shoot Me: Potential Consequences of Force-on-Force Training Modulate the Human Stress Response.

Jensen, AE, Bernards, JR, Hamilton, JA, Markwald, RR, Kelly, KR, and Biggs, AT. Do not shoot me: potential consequences of force-on-force training modulate the human stress response. J Strength Cond Res 37(9): 1761-1769, 2023-Close-quarters combat (CQC) engagements trigger the "fight-or-flight" response, activating the sympathetic nervous system and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in response to perceived threats.

Characterization of Female US Marine Recruits: Workload, Caloric Expenditure, Fitness, Injury Rates, and Menstrual Cycle Disruption during Bootcamp.

Basic training is centered on developing the physical and tactical skills essential to train a recruit into a Marine. The abrupt increase in activity and energy expenditure in young recruits may contribute to high rates of musculoskeletal injuries, to which females are more susceptible. To date, the total workload of United State Marine Corps (USMC) bootcamp is unknown and should include movement around the military base (e.

Prolonged Extreme Cold Water Diving and the Acute Stress Response During Military Dive Training.

Cold water exposure poses a unique physiological challenge to the human body. Normally, water submersion increases activation of parasympathetic tone to induce bradycardia in order to compensate for hemodynamic shifts and reduce oxygen consumption by peripheral tissues. However, elevated stress, such as that which may occur due to prolonged cold exposure, may shift the sympatho-vagal balance towards sympathetic activation which may potentially negate the dive reflex and impact thermoregulation.

Thermoregulatory and Metabolic Demands of Naval Special Warfare Divers During a 6-h Cold-Water Training Dive.

Extreme environmental conditions induce changes in metabolic rate and substrate use due to thermoregulation. Cold-water full-body submersion for extended periods of time is inevitable for training and missions carried out by Naval Special Warfare divers. Anthropometric, physiologic, and metabolic data have been reported from partial immersion in cold water in non-thermally protected men; data is limited in thermally protected divers in extremely cold water.

The Benefit of Mental Skills Training on Performance and Stress Response in Military Personnel.

Mental skills training (MST) has been suggested to reduce stress in civilian and athletic populations, however, whether these techniques and practices transfer to a military population are unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate two MST programs against a baseline condition, training-as-usual (TAU), during an intense, active-duty, military training environment. Two hundred and three Marines enrolled in the United States Marine Corps' Basic Reconnaissance Course participated in this effort ( = 203; age = 22.

Skeletal Muscle Fiber Adaptations Following Resistance Training Using Repetition Maximums or Relative Intensity.

The purpose of the study was to compare the physiological responses of skeletal muscle to a resistance training (RT) program using repetition maximum (RM) or relative intensity (RI). Fifteen well-trained males underwent RT 3 d·wk for 10 weeks in either an RM group ( = 8) or RI group ( = 7). The RM group achieved a relative maximum each day, while the RI group trained based on percentages.

Current Research and Statistical Practices in Sport Science and a Need for Change.

Current research ideologies in sport science allow for the possibility of investigators producing statistically significant results to help fit the outcome into a predetermined theory. Additionally, under the current Neyman-Pearson statistical structure, some argue that null hypothesis significant testing (NHST) under the frequentist approach is flawed, regardless. For example, a p-value is unable to measure the probability that the studied hypothesis is true, unable to measure the size of an effect or the importance of a result, and unable to provide a good measure of evidence regarding a model or hypothesis.

Divergent Performance Outcomes Following Resistance Training Using Repetition Maximums or Relative Intensity.

Purpose: To compare repetition maximum (RM) to relative intensity using sets and repetitions (RISR) resistance training on measures of training load, vertical jump, and force production in well-trained lifters.

Methods: Fifteen well-trained (isometric peak force = 4403.61 [664.