Cardioprotective effect of the quercetin on cardiovascular remodeling and atherosclerosis in rodents fed a high-fat diet: A systematic review.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death globally, estimated at 17.9 million premature deaths. Several risk factors contribute to the development of CVD, including unhealthy diet rich in saturated fat.

Effects of a high-fat diet on the bone structure of Wistar rats: a systematic review.

Context: Saturated fats found in diets known as high-fat, cafeteria, or Western diets appear to have a negative effect on bone structure; however, few studies have focused on investigating this association, and the data available in the literature remain controversial.

Objective: The aim of the current review was to investigate the effects of a high-fat dietary intake on the bone structure of Wistar rats.

Data Sources: A search for articles was carried out in the Pubmed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus databases.

Perinatal and post-weaning exposure to a high-fat diet causes histomorphometric, neuroplastic, and histopathological changes in the rat ileum.

Exposure to a diet with a high saturated fat content can influence the characteristics of the gastrointestinal tract, causing losses in the absorption of nutrients and favoring the appearance of diseases. The objective was to assess the effects of a high-fat diet (HFD) in the perinatal (pregnancy and lactation) and post-weaning period on the histomorphometry, neuroplasticity, and histopathology of the ileum. Wistar rats were divided into four subgroups: Control/Control (CC, = 10) rats fed a control diet (C) throughout the trial period; Control/HFD (CH, = 9) rats fed diet C (perinatal) and HFD after weaning; HFD/Control (HC, = 10) rats fed HFD (perinatal) and diet C (post-weaning); HFD/HFD (HH, = 9) rats fed HFD throughout the experimental period.

Exposure to a high-fat diet during intrauterine life and post-birth causes cardiac histomorphometric changes in rats: A systematic review.

Unlabelled: Cardiac histomorphometric changes are conditions present as an adaptive response to increased cardiovascular demand, such as in obesity or the consumption of a high-fat diet. Epidemiologic studies show an increase in maternal obese individuals, with repercussions on offspring cardiovascular health.

Objective: The goal of this study was to systematically review studies that evaluated cardiac histomorphometric changes in rodents exposed to a high-fat diet.

Potential therapeutic effects of green tea on obese lipid profile - a systematic review.

Green tea, obtained from the plant , is one of the oldest drinks in the world and contains numerous bioactive compounds. Studies have demonstrated the efficacy of green tea in preventing obesity and cardiovascular diseases that may be related to the reduction of lipid levels. This study aimed to evidence, through a systematic review, the therapeutic potential of green tea on the lipid profile in preclinical studies in obese animals and clinical studies in obese individuals.

High-fat diet promotes hypothalamic inflammation in animal models: a systematic review.

Context: Hypothalamic inflammation and dysfunction may be induced by high-fat diets. However, the mechanisms involved in this process have not been fully elucidated.

Objective: To evidence, in animal models, of how a high-fat diet influence the mechanisms involved in hypothalamic inflammation.

Sarcopenia and Mortality in Patients With Chronic Non-dialytic Renal Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: To analyze the results of prospective studies on the presence of sarcopenia and its association with cardiovascular events and mortality in patients with non-dialysis-dependent chronic renal disease.

Methods: This study used the PRISMA protocol for systematic review. The systematic review and meta-analysis protocol was recorded in the prospective record of systematic reviews by PROSPERO International: CRD42019120391.

Perinatal and post-weaning exposure to an obesogenic diet promotes greater expression of nuclear factor-κB and tumor necrosis factor-α in white adipose tissue and hypothalamus of adult rats.

To analyze the effects of exposure to a high-fat diet during the perinatal period and after weaning on white adipose tissue accumulation and gene expression of TNF- α and NF- κB. Wistar female rats were fed with high-fat (H) or control (C) diet during pregnancy and lactation. The offspring were allocated into four groups: Control Control (CC), offspring of mothers GC, fed a control diet after weaning; Control High-fat (CH), offspring of mothers GC, fed a hight-fat diet after weaning; High-fat Control (HC), offspring of mothers GH, fed with control diet after weaning; and High-fat High-fat (HH), offspring of mothers GH, fed a H diet after weaning.

Sarcopenic obesity in community-dwelling older women, determined by different diagnostic methods.

Background: sarcopenic obesity (SO) decreases functional capacity, favors loss of autonomy, and is associated with increased mortality in the elderly. The prevalence of sarcopenic obesity differs according to the chosen diagnostic method and/or the population studied. Objective: to identify sarcopenic obesity in community-dwelling elderly women using different diagnostic methods.

Does a high-fat diet-induced obesity model brown adipose tissue thermogenesis? A systematic review.

Introduction: In this systematic review, we analysed studies that assessed the brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity in the high-fat/cafeteria diet model of obesity in rats.

Material And Methods: Scopus, PubMed, Embase, and ScienceDirect databases were searched from January 2017 to November 2017. Using specific combinations of medical subject heading (MeSH) descriptors, seven papers remained after the inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Reduction of relative handgrip strength and cardiometabolic risk in individuals with HIV/AIDS.

Introduction: Low handgrip strength (HS) is associated with cardiometabolic alterations that have affected people with HIV/AIDS.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study performed in adults receiving antiretroviral treatment. HS was evaluated using a dynamometer and divided by body weight to obtain the relative strength.

Housing Temperature Modulates the Impact of Diet-Induced Rise in Fat Mass on Adipose Tissue Before and During Pregnancy in Rats.

To investigate whether housing temperature influences rat adiposity, and the extent it is modified by diet and/or pregnancy. Housing temperature impacts on brown adipose tissue, that possess a unique uncoupling protein (UCP) 1, which, when activated by reduced ambient temperature, enables rapid heat generation. We, therefore, examined whether the effects of dietary induced rise in fat mass on interscapular brown fat in female rats were dependent on housing temperature, and whether pregnancy further modulates the response.

Factors associated with sarcopenia in institutionalized elderly.

Introduction: The sarcopenia is a negative aspect for the health of the elderly, increased the risk for disease and mortality. Additionally can contributes greatly to functional reducing capacity and quality of life.

Objective: To identify the prevalence and factors associated with sarcopenia in institutionalized elderly.

Association between sarcopenic obesity and cardiovascular risk: where are we?

Introduction: The main changes in the body composition refer to the increase of adipose tissue and/or the decrease of muscular mass, and these changes have effect in many clinical outcomes. Sarcopenic obesity (SO) consists of the presence of excessive adipose tissue and deficit of muscular mass simultaneously. People with SO may have synergistic effect due to obesity and sarcopenia, with increases cardiovascular risk more than obesity itself.

MATERNAL AND POST-WEANING EXPOSURE TO A HIGH FAT DIET PROMOTES VISCERAL OBESITY AND HEPATIC STEATOSIS IN ADULT RATS.

Aim: considering the frequent consumption of fat-rich diets by women of reproductive age, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of maternal consumption of a high-fat diet during the perinatal and/ or post-weaning period on the liver parameters and lipid metabolism of young rats.

Methods: Wistar female rats were fed a high-fat (H) or control (C) diet during pregnancy and lactation. The offspring were allocated to four groups: Control Control (CC, n = 11), offspring fed a control diet after weaning; Control High-fat (CH, n = 10), offspring fed a high-fat diet after weaning; High-fat High-fat (HH, n = 10), offspring of mothers H fed a high-fat diet after weaning; and High-fat Control (HC, n = 9), offspring of mothers H fed with control diet after weaning.

INFLAMMATORY, NUTRITIONAL AND CLINICAL PARAMETERS OF INDIVIDUALS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE UNDERGOING CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT.

Introduction: due to the relevance of inflammation in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD), inflammation should be taken into account in the interpretation of the clinical-nutritional status.

Objective: assess the association between inflammation, nutritional and clinical parameters in patients with CKD.

Materials And Methods: 92 patients with CKD.

Nutritional assessment in surgical oncology patients: a comparative analysis between methods.

Background And Aims: The malnutrition found in oncology patients is the main responsible for the increase in morbimortality and worsening of their quality of life. Currently, the assessment of malnutrition is performed by subjective and objective methods, or the combination of them. Although these methods are routinely applied and their association is very common in clinical practice, there are few studies on the agreement between them.

Hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype: association with metabolic disorders and visceral fat in adults.

Objective: To evaluate the association of Hypertriglyceridemic waist with metabolic disorders and visceral fat in adults.

Methods: Cross-sectional study with 191 individuals of both sexes. Subjects were grouped according to Waist Circumference (WC) ratings (Men: > 90 cm; Women: > 80 cm) and triglycerides (TG) (> 150 mg/dl) in Group 1 (HTW Phenotype): elevated WC and TG; Group 2 (absence of HTW Phenotype): elevated WC and normal TG or normal WC and elevated TG or normal WC and TG.

A perinatal palatable high-fat diet increases food intake and promotes hypercholesterolemia in adult rats.

The main goal of the present study was to evaluate the long-term effects of a perinatal palatable high-fat diet on the food intake and cholesterol profile of adult rats. Male Wistar rats (aged 22 days) were divided into two groups according to their mother's diet during gestation and lactation (C (p), n = 10; pups from control mothers; and HL(p) n = 10; pups from mothers fed a palatable high-fat diet). At the 76th day, pups were housed individually for 14 days, and daily food consumption was determined during a period of 6 days.

Neonatal treatment with fluoxetine reduces depressive behavior induced by forced swim in adult rats.

Serotonin plays a role at the pathophysiology of depression in humans and in experimental models. The present study investigated the depressive behavior and the weigh evolution in adult rats (60 days) treated from the 1st to the 21st postnatal day with fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (10 mg/kg, sc, daily). The depressive behavior was induced by the forced swim test (FST).