Circulating low density neutrophils are associated with resistance to anti-PD1 immunotherapy in squamous head and neck cancer.

Background: Identification of predictive biomarkers to Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in head and neck cancer (HNSCC) is an unmet need.

Methods: This was a prospective observational study including 25 patients with HNSCC treated with immunotherapy or chemotherapy after a prior platinum-based regimen. Low density neutrophils (LDNs) and serum markers were analyzed.

Cytokines and Lymphoid Populations as Potential Biomarkers in Locally and Borderline Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma.

Despite its relative low incidence, PDAC is one of the most aggressive and lethal types of cancer, being currently the seventh leading cause of cancer death worldwide, with a 5-year survival rate of 10.8%. Taking into consideration the necessity to improve the prognosis of these patients, this research has been focused on the discovery of new biomarkers.

Deciphering CHFR Role in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Checkpoint with forkhead-associated and ring finger domains () has been proposed as a predictive and prognosis biomarker for different tumor types, but its role in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains unknown. The aim of this study was two-pronged: to review the role of in PDAC and evaluating as a potential predictive biomarker in this disease. For this purpose, we first explored the CHFR messenger (m)RNA expression and promoter methylation through the TCGA database.

Effect of vitamin E administered to men in infertile couples on sperm and assisted reproduction outcomes: a double-blind randomized study.

Objective: To evaluate the influence on sperm parameters and in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes of the administration of 400 mg/day of vitamin E for 3 months to men from infertile couples who are undergoing IVF.

Design: Double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study.

Setting: Human reproduction unit of a university hospital.

Usefulness of an immunohistochemical score in advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors treated with CAPTEM or everolimus.

Background: Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors are rare neoplasms for which few predictive and/or prognostic biomarkers have been validated. Our previous work suggested the potential of the combined expression of N-myc downstream-regulated gen-1 (NDRG-1), O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) and Pleckstrin homology-like domain family A member 3 (PHLDA-3) as prognostic factors for relapse and survival.

Methods: In this new multicenter study we evaluated immunohistochemistry expression in 76 patients with advanced PanNET who were treated with capecitabine-temozolomide or everolimus.

Methyltransferase inhibitors restore SATB1 protective activity against cutaneous T cell lymphoma in mice.

Cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) has a poorly understood etiology and no known cure. Using conditional knockout mice, we found that ablation of the genomic organizer special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 1 (Satb1) caused malignant transformation of mature, skin-homing, Notch-activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells into progressively fatal lymphoma. Mechanistically, Satb1 restrained Stat5 phosphorylation and the expression of skin-homing chemokine receptors in mature T cells.

Omics Approaches in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, which represents 80% of pancreatic cancers, is mainly diagnosed when treatment with curative intent is not possible. Consequently, the overall five-year survival rate is extremely dismal-around 5% to 7%. In addition, pancreatic cancer is expected to become the second leading cause of cancer-related death by 2030.

Frontline Science: Microbiota reconstitution restores intestinal integrity after cisplatin therapy.

Due to their cytotoxic activities, many anticancer drugs cause extensive damage to the intestinal mucosa and have antibiotic activities. Here, we show that cisplatin induces significant changes in the repertoire of intestinal commensal bacteria that exacerbate mucosal damage. Restoration of the microbiota through fecal-pellet gavage drives healing of cisplatin-induced intestinal damage.

Changes in the expression of cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors during differentiation of immortalized fibroblasts into adipocytes.

The mechanisms implicated in the differentiation of fibroblastic precursors into adipocytes can be analyzed in vitro using cell models, such as the 3T3-L1 cell line. Since cell differentiation involves an exit from the cell cycle, it is likely that molecules that inhibit proliferation participate in the control of adipogenesis. This study was aimed at determining the role, if any, of several cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)-inhibitors and the transcription factor C/EBPα in the process of adipocyte differentitation.

SATB1 Expression Governs Epigenetic Repression of PD-1 in Tumor-Reactive T Cells.

Despite the importance of programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) in inhibiting T cell effector activity, the mechanisms regulating its expression remain poorly defined. We found that the chromatin organizer special AT-rich sequence-binding protein-1 (Satb1) restrains PD-1 expression induced upon T cell activation by recruiting a nucleosome remodeling deacetylase (NuRD) complex to Pdcd1 regulatory regions. Satb1 deficienct T cells exhibited a 40-fold increase in PD-1 expression.