Structural and functional analysis of stress-inducible genes and their promoters selected from young oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) under salt stress.

Background: Soil salinity is a problem in more than 100 countries across all continents. It is one of the abiotic stress that threatens agriculture the most, negatively affecting crops and reducing productivity. Transcriptomics is a technology applied to characterize the transcriptome in a cell, tissue, or organism at a given time via RNA-Seq, also known as full-transcriptome shotgun sequencing.

Network Analysis Reveals Different Cellulose Degradation Strategies Across Strains Associated With XYR1 and CRE1.

whose gene expression is tightly controlled by the transcription factors (TFs) XYR1 and CRE1, is a potential candidate for hydrolytic enzyme production. Here, we performed a network analysis of IOC-3844 and CBMAI-0179 to explore how the regulation of these TFs varies between these strains. In addition, we explored the evolutionary relationships of XYR1 and CRE1 protein sequences among spp.

Trends in biological data integration for the selection of enzymes and transcription factors related to cellulose and hemicellulose degradation in fungi.

Fungi are key players in biotechnological applications. Although several studies focusing on fungal diversity and genetics have been performed, many details of fungal biology remain unknown, including how cellulolytic enzymes are modulated within these organisms to allow changes in main plant cell wall compounds, cellulose and hemicellulose, and subsequent biomass conversion. With the advent and consolidation of DNA/RNA sequencing technology, different types of information can be generated at the genomic, structural and functional levels, including the gene expression profiles and regulatory mechanisms of these organisms, during degradation-induced conditions.

The synergistic actions of hydrolytic genes reveal the mechanism of Trichoderma harzianum for cellulose degradation.

Bioprospecting genes and proteins related to plant biomass degradation is an attractive approach for the identification of target genes for biotechnological purposes, especially those with potential applications in the biorefinery industry that can enhance second-generation ethanol production technology. Trichoderma harzianum is a potential candidate for cellulolytic enzyme prospection and production. Herein, the enzymatic activities, transcriptome, exoproteome, and coexpression networks of the T.

"Integrative genomic analysis of the bioprospection of regulators and accessory enzymes associated with cellulose degradation in a filamentous fungus (Trichoderma harzianum)".

Background: Unveiling fungal genome structure and function reveals the potential biotechnological use of fungi. Trichoderma harzianum is a powerful CAZyme-producing fungus. We studied the genomic regions in T.

Aspergillus fumigatus G-Protein Coupled Receptors GprM and GprJ Are Important for the Regulation of the Cell Wall Integrity Pathway, Secondary Metabolite Production, and Virulence.

G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are extracellular signaling receptors that sense environmental cues. Fungi sense their environment primarily through GPCR-mediated signaling pathways, which, in turn, regulate fungal development, metabolism, virulence, and mycotoxin biosynthesis. is an important human pathogen that causes aspergillosis, a heterogeneous group of diseases that present a wide range of clinical manifestations.

The Aspergillus fumigatus transcription factor RglT is important for gliotoxin biosynthesis and self-protection, and virulence.

Aspergillus fumigatus is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that secretes an array of immune-modulatory molecules, including secondary metabolites (SMs), which contribute to enhancing fungal fitness and growth within the mammalian host. Gliotoxin (GT) is a SM that interferes with the function and recruitment of innate immune cells, which are essential for eliminating A. fumigatus during invasive infections.

Aspergillus fumigatus Transcription Factors Involved in the Caspofungin Paradoxical Effect.

is the leading cause of pulmonary fungal diseases. Azoles have been used for many years as the main antifungal agents to treat and prevent invasive aspergillosis. However, in the last 10 years there have been several reports of azole resistance in and new strategies are needed to combat invasive aspergillosis.

Characterization of novel small RNAs (sRNAs) contributing to the desiccation response of serovar Typhimurium.

Noncoding RNA (ncRNA) modulation of gene expression has now been ubiquitously observed across all domains of life. An increasingly apparent role of ncRNAs is to coordinate changes in gene expressions in response to environmental stress. , a common food-born pathogen, is known for its striking ability to survive, adapt, and thrive in various unfavourable environments which makes it a particularly difficult pathogen to eliminate as well as an interesting model in which to study ncRNA contributions to cellular stress response.

An engineered GH1 β-glucosidase displays enhanced glucose tolerance and increased sugar release from lignocellulosic materials.

β-glucosidases play a critical role among the enzymes in enzymatic cocktails designed for plant biomass deconstruction. By catalysing the breakdown of β-1, 4-glycosidic linkages, β-glucosidases produce free fermentable glucose and alleviate the inhibition of other cellulases by cellobiose during saccharification. Despite this benefit, most characterised fungal β-glucosidases show weak activity at high glucose concentrations, limiting enzymatic hydrolysis of plant biomass in industrial settings.

Carbohydrate-active enzymes in Trichoderma harzianum: a bioinformatic analysis bioprospecting for key enzymes for the biofuels industry.

Background: Trichoderma harzianum is used in biotechnology applications due to its ability to produce powerful enzymes for the conversion of lignocellulosic substrates into soluble sugars. Active enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism are defined as carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes), and the most abundant family in the CAZy database is the glycoside hydrolases. The enzymes of this family play a fundamental role in the decomposition of plant biomass.

Production of a recombinant swollenin from Trichoderma harzianum in Escherichia coli and its potential synergistic role in biomass degradation.

Background: Fungal swollenins (SWOs) constitute a class of accessory proteins that are homologous to canonical plant expansins. Expansins and expansin-related proteins are well known for acting in the deagglomeration of cellulose structure by loosening macrofibrils. Consequently, SWOs can increase the accessibility and efficiency of the other enzymes involved in the saccharification of cellulosic substrates.