HypoxyStat, a small-molecule form of hypoxia therapy that increases oxygen-hemoglobin affinity.

We have previously demonstrated that chronic inhaled hypoxia is remarkably therapeutic in the premier animal model of mitochondrial Leigh syndrome, the Ndufs4 knockout (KO) mouse. Subsequent work has extended this finding to additional mitochondrial diseases and more common conditions. However, challenges inherent to gas-based therapies have hindered the rapid translation of our findings to the clinic.

Isolation and Annotation of Phage AWGoat.

AWGoat, a lytic bacteriophage that infects was isolated from a goat pen in Charlotte, NC. Its genome is 65,496 bp long, with a GC content of 67.1%.

sTREM2 in discordant CSF Aβ and p-tau181.

Introduction: Little is known about the factors underpinning discordant cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid beta (Aβ) versus p-tau181/Aβ or CSF Aβ versus Aβ positron emission tomography (PET).

Methods: We stratified 570 non-demented Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) participants by Aβ PET and further by CSF Aβ or p-tau181/Aβ. We used analysis of covariance testing adjusting for covariates, followed by Tukey post hoc pairwise comparisons, to compare CSF soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-2 (sTREM2) across four participant groups: CSF+ with CSF- , CSF- with CSF+ , and concordant CSF/CSF.

The group A pathogenicity island RD2: virulence role and barriers to conjugative transfer.

Serotype M28 isolates of the bacterial pathogen the group A (GAS; ), but not isolates of other serotypes, have a nonrandom association with cases of puerperal sepsis, a life-threatening infection that can occur in women following childbirth. In prior studies, we established that RD2, a pathogenicity island present in all M28 GAS isolates but mostly absent from other serotypes, is a factor in the M28-puerperal sepsis association. Here, we identified a significant reduction in the RD2 conjugation frequency in inter-serotype conjugation assays relative to intra-serotype assays.

The single-molecule accessibility landscape of newly replicated mammalian chromatin.

We present replication-aware single-molecule accessibility mapping (RASAM), a method to nondestructively measure replication status and protein-DNA interactions on chromatin genome-wide. Using RASAM, we uncover a genome-wide state of single-molecule "hyperaccessibility" post-replication that resolves over several hours. Combining RASAM with cellular models for rapid protein degradation, we demonstrate that histone chaperone CAF-1 reduces nascent chromatin accessibility by filling single-molecular "gaps" and generating closely spaced dinucleosomes on replicated DNA.

Influences of role models and other factors on physical activity amongst 6 to 16 years overweight and obese students.

Background: Physical activity is an essential aspect of living a healthy lifestyle, which offers a myriad of benefits for both the body and the mind. Nonetheless, a family history of obesity can pose significant challenges to achieving and maintaining a healthy weight, which is further exacerbated by the academic stress. Individuals who have a role model that prioritizes physical activity are more likely to develop positive and healthy habits in their lives.

Endometrial decidualization status modulates endometrial microvascular complexity and trophoblast outgrowth in gelatin methacryloyl hydrogels.

The endometrium undergoes rapid cycles of vascular growth, remodeling, and breakdown during the menstrual cycle and pregnancy. Decidualization is an endometrial differentiation process driven by steroidal sex hormones that is critical for blastocyst-uterine interfacing and blastocyst implantation. Certain pregnancy disorders may be linked to decidualization processes.

Air pollution and its effects on lung health in never-smoker youth of Delhi NCR versus Pauri Garhwal: a comparative cross-sectional study.

Background: Ambient air pollution is a major factor that can affect lung growth and reduce lung capacity. This study aims at drawing parallel between respiratory discomfort and lung function between youth of Delhi-National Capital Region (NCR) where air pollution level is poor and hazardous as compared to that of Pauri Garhwal (Uttarakhand) where air pollution level is low via a comparative cross-sectional study.

Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study conducted among 354 never-smoker subjects (177 from NCR and 177 from Pauri) between the ages of 15 and 29 years.

tRNA anticodon cleavage by target-activated CRISPR-Cas13a effector.

Type VI CRISPR-Cas systems are among the few CRISPR varieties that target exclusively RNA. The CRISPR RNA-guided, sequence-specific binding of target RNAs, such as phage transcripts, activates the type VI effector, Cas13. Once activated, Cas13 causes collateral RNA cleavage, which induces bacterial cell dormancy, thus protecting the host population from the phage spread.

Cytotoxic effect of dental luting cement on human gingival mesenchymal stem cell and evaluation of cytokines and growth factor release - An in vitro study.

Aim: In routine dental care, various dental luting cements are utilized to cement the dental prosthesis. Thus, the aim of the current study was to assess the Cytotoxic effect of three different dental luting cements on human gingival mesenchymal stem cell and evaluation of cytokines and growth factors release.

Settings And Design: Cytotoxicity of glass ionomer cement (GIC), resin modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) and resin cement (RC) on the human gingival mesenchymal stem cells (HGMSCs) was evaluated.

Deep Learning-Derived Myocardial Strain.

Background: Echocardiographic strain measurements require extensive operator experience and have significant intervendor variability. Creating an automated, open-source, vendor-agnostic method to retrospectively measure global longitudinal strain (GLS) from standard echocardiography B-mode images would greatly improve post hoc research applications and may streamline patient analyses.

Objectives: This study was seeking to develop an automated deep learning strain (DLS) analysis pipeline and validate its performance across multiple applications and populations.

Combinatorial Microgels for 3D ECM Screening and Heterogeneous Microenvironmental Culture of Primary Human Hepatic Stellate Cells.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease affects 30% of the United States population and its progression can lead to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and increased risks for cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. NASH is characterized by a highly heterogeneous liver microenvironment created by the fibrotic activity of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). While HSCs have been widely studied in 2D, further advancements in physiologically relevant 3D culture platforms for the in vitro modeling of these heterogeneous environments are needed.

Cell Chirality of Micropatterned Endometrial Microvascular Endothelial Cells.

Chirality is an intrinsic cellular property that describes cell polarization biases along the left-right axis, apicobasal axis, or front-rear axes. Cell chirality plays a significant role in the arrangement of organs in the body as well as in the orientation of organelles, cytoskeletons, and cells. Vascular networks within the endometrium, the mucosal inner lining of the uterus, commonly display spiral architectures that rapidly form across the menstrual cycle.

Fission yeast spindle dynamics and chromosome segregation fidelity show distinct thermosensitivity.

Cellular processes rely on proteins with temperature-dependent stability and activity. While thermosensitivity in biological networks is well-explored, the effect of temperature on complex mechanochemical assemblies, like the spindle, is rarely studied. We examined fission yeast spindle dynamics and chromosome segregation from 15⁰C to 40⁰C.

[NH(CH)NH]SnX (X = Br, I): Dion-Jacobson type 2-D perovskites with short interlayer spacing.

Two-dimensional tin(II) halide perovskites stand as an environmentally benign alternative to Pb(II) halide perovskites. However, they are often challenging to make due to the oxidation of Sn(II) ion to more stable Sn(IV) ion. Here we report hybrid tin bromide and iodide perovskites: (1,4-BDA)Sn(IV)Br and (1,4-BDA)Sn(II)X (where X = Br, I; 1,4-BDA = 1,4-diammoniumbutane) with 0D and 2D structures, respectively.

Cell Chirality of Micropatterned Endometrial Microvascular Endothelial Cells.

Chirality is an intrinsic cellular property that describes cell polarization biases along the left-right axis, apicobasal axis, or front-rear axes. Cell chirality plays a significant role in the arrangement of organs in the body as well as the orientation of organelles, cytoskeletons, and cells. Vascular networks within the endometrium, the mucosal inner lining of the uterus, commonly display spiral architectures that rapidly form across the menstrual cycle.

Acute Psychotic Episode Precipitated by Opioid Withdrawal in a Case of Bipolar I Disorder.

Psychosis is a state of mind where an individual loses touch with reality and cannot differentiate between their perceptions and the real world. They experience one or more of the following: delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech or catatonic behavior. While it can have a sporadic onset, drug-induced psychosis is also very common.

Comparative Evaluation of Efficacy of Ketoprofen and Diclofenac Transdermal Patches with Oral Diclofenac Tablet on Postoperative Endodontic Pain- A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Purpose: Evaluate the efficacy of transdermal patches containing ketoprofen and diclofenac sodium compared to oral diclofenac tablets in reducing post-endodontic pain after single-visit root canal therapy for teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis.

Methods: A total of 78 eligible participants with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis and preoperative VAS scores of 4 or above were enrolled after obtaining ethical approval (SVIEC/ON/DENT/SRP/22064) and CTRI registration (CTRI/2022/07/044231). Exclusion criteria included pregnancy, lactation, fractured/cracked teeth, developmental anomalies, tooth pathology, or ongoing analgesic/NSAID use.

ET-traps: Potential therapeutics for preeclampsia.

Elevated endothelin-1 (ET-1) has been implicated in several diseases including preeclampsia, where it causes the induction of hypertension, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, microvascular dysfunction and tissue damage in different organs. ET-traps are Fc-fusion proteins with a design based on the physiological receptors of ET-1. This paper discusses the potential use of ET-traps as a therapeutic for preeclampsia.

The Promising Success of Project Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes (ECHO) Diabetes: Case Series.

Background: In the United States, there are over 37 million people with diabetes but only 8000 endocrinologists. Therefore, many people with diabetes receive care exclusively from primary care providers (PCPs). To democratize knowledge regarding insulin-requiring diabetes through tele-education, Stanford University and the University of Florida developed Project Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes (ECHO) Diabetes.

Prolongation of mitosis is associated with enhanced endogenous DNA damage in fission yeast.

Mitosis is usually shorter than other phases of the cell cycle and maintains a consistent duration despite variations in cell size and spindle size. This suggests the existence of a compensatory mechanism that ensures a short duration, possibly as a protective measure against irreversible damage, such as DNA damage. To explore the link between prolonged mitosis and DNA damage, we develop a microscopy-based assay utilizing Rad52-GFP as a marker for mitotic DNA damage.