A systematic review on the imaging findings in auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder.

Purpose: The present systematic review examined imaging findings in the Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder (ANSD) population.

Methods: Electronic databases such as Pub Med, Google Scholar, J Gate, and Science Direct were used to conduct a literature search. The articles retrieved through the literature search were assessed in two stages.

Test and retest reliability of objective screening tests in neonatal hearing screening program in developing countries.

Background: Our study aimed to assess the reliability of screening tests in healthy newborns across diverse hospital environments and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) infants hospitalized for over 5 days, particularly within the framework of hearing screening in developing countries.

Method: The study comprised 100 neonates in each group: G1 (healthy infants in government general wards), G2 (healthy infants in private special wards), and G3 (infants in NICU for over 5 days). Intra-session (within 5 min) and inter-session (within a month) otoacoustic emissions (OAE) and automated auditory brainstem responses (AABR) recordings were conducted and the reliability of each test was evaluated across sessions and groups.

Estimation of the Risk of Hearing Loss in Neonates with Hyperbilirubinemia in the Mysuru District Using Double Stage Double Screening Method.

The study aimed to assess the risk of hearing loss in full-term neonates with hyperbilirubinemia, examining the relationship between bilirubin levels, onset age of hyperbilirubinemia, and hearing impairment. Additionally, it investigated whether hearing loss was transient or late-onset, using a cost-effective double-screening method. The study included 160 full-term neonates aged 0-1 month.

Central Auditory Processing Abilities in Children with Non-Syndromic Cleft Lip and Palate: An Electrophysiological Study.

Background: The present study compared the central auditory processing abilities using electrophysiological tests in children with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (NSCLP) and their age-matched control group.

Method: Thirty children aged 7 to 15 years were recruited for the study. Participants were divided into 2 groups.

Central Auditory Processing Abilities in Children with Non-Syndromic Cleft Lip/and Palate-a Behavioural Study.

The present study aimed to assess the central auditory processing abilities and working memory in children with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (NSCLP) and to compare with the developed normative and craniofacially normal peers. Sixteen NSCLP children aged 7 to 12 years and fifteen craniofacially normal peers were recruited in this study. Speech perception in noise Kannada (SPIN-K), gap detection threshold (GDT), dichotic consonant-vowel (DCV), and masking level difference (MLD) tests were administered to assess various central auditory processing abilities.

Two-year Prevalence of Central Auditory Processing Disorders in Children.

Introduction: Central auditory processing disorder (CAPD) refers to difficulties in processing audible signals not attributable to impaired hearing sensitivity or mental impairment. The demographic characteristics of pediatric CAPD and its prevalence are still debatable. Due to varied definitions and differences in the diagnostic criteria for CAPD, the approximate prevalence measure varies from 0.

Comparison of listening efforts in typically developing children and children with central auditory processing disorders.

Objectives: The study's main objective was to compare Listening Effort (LE) in children with central auditory processing disorder [(C)APD] and typically developing children in quiet and at -2 and -6 dB SNR conditions. And to determine the relationship between LE and auditory processing abilities in children with (C)APD.

Methods: The study included 30 children (15 typically developing children and 15 diagnosed with (C)APD) aged 10-12 years.

The Relationship Between Auditory and Cognitive Processing Abilities in Children With Specific Learning Disorders.

Purpose: Specific learning disorder (SLD) refers to a pattern of learning difficulties characterized by problems with reading, writing, or mathematics that are not solely due to intellectual disabilities, sensory deficits, or other neurological or medical conditions. It is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects the processing and organizing of information. Auditory and cognitive processing is affected in most children with SLD, although to a varying degree.

A Survey on Screening and Diagnostic Criteria of Auditory Processing Disorders in India.

The current study aimed to determine the criteria used for screening and diagnosing cases with central auditory processing disorders (CAPD) in India. A cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey design was used in the present study. A questionnaire was developed to determine the criteria used for screening and diagnosing CAPD across clinics in India.

Effect of Age on Speech Perception in Noise Abilities Across Different Stimulus.

Various factors influence speech perception in noise (SPIN): age, hearing loss, cognition, background noise, stimulus redundancy, type of stimulus used, and signal-to-noise ratio. The effect of age on SPIN with different stimuli is yet to be validated in the literature. This study aims to study the effect of age on SPIN results across different stimuli.

Comparison of a Free-Field and a Closed-Field Sound Source Identification Paradigms in Assessing Spatial Acuity in Adults With Normal Hearing Sensitivity.

Background And Objectives: Traditional sound field localization setups in a free-field environment closely represent real-world situations. However, they are costly and sophisticated, and it is difficult to replicate similar setups in every clinic. Hence, a cost-effective, portable, and less sophisticated virtual setup will be more feasible for assessing spatial acuity in the clinical setting.

Test-Retest Reliability of Virtual Acoustic Space Identification Test in School-Going Children.

Purpose: The virtual acoustic space identification (VASI) test was designed to assess spatial-hearing acuity by simulating sound location perception in a closed field (under headphones). The utility of this tool in children can be asserted only if the test results are consistent across measurement sessions, which is evaluated in this study using test-retest reliability assessments.

Method: The VASI test assessed the spatial abilities of 40 typically developing school-aged children aged 7-13 years ( = 10.

Age differences in binaural and working memory abilities in school-going children.

Objectives: Binaural hearing is the interplay of acoustic cues (interaural time differences: ITD, interaural level differences: ILD, and spectral cues) and cognitive abilities (e.g., working memory, attention).

Effect of Age and Hearing Loss on Auditory Processing Skills.

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of age and hearing loss on auditory processing abilities. For this purpose, auditory processing abilities were compared among young and older adults with normal hearing sensitivity and older adults with and without hearing loss. The study comprised 20 normal-hearing young adults (18-25 years), 20 older adults with normal hearing sensitivity (50-70 years), and 20 older adults with mild to moderate sensorineural hearing impairment (50-70 years).

Implementing Social Risk Screening and Referral to Resources in the NICU.

Objective: Social risk screening is recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics, but this practice is underutilized in NICUs. To address this gap in social care, we aimed to increase rates of: (1) systematic social risk screening and (2) connection with community resources, each to ≥50% over a 14-month period.

Methods: We conducted a quality improvement initiative from November 2020 to January 2022.

Selective Unilateral Inner Hair Cell Injury: A Case Report.

Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is known to be associated with lesions at various sites, including outer hair cell (OHC) and inner hair cell (IHC) injury, as well as auditory dyssynchrony or vestibulocochlear nerve tumors. Therefore, it is important to establish the differential diagnosis of SNHL, which however is particularly challenging in patients with unilateral SNHL. The test battery approach is effective for accurate diagnosis in such cases.

Effect of Use of N-95 Mask on Aided Speech Identification Scores in Older Adults with Hearing Loss.

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of use of N-95 masks on aided speech identification scores (SIS) in older adults with hearing loss. A total of 35 older adults in the age range of 60 years to 79 years (mean age of 64.97 years) participated in the present study.

Relationship Between Peripheral and Central Auditory Abilities and Iron Deficiency Anemia in Adolescent Girls.

Purpose: This study evaluated the peripheral hearing and central auditory processing abilities in Indian adolescent girls with iron deficiency anemia (IDA).

Method: The participants consisted of 75 adolescent girls with IDA, 50 adolescent girls without IDA, and 50 adolescent boys without IDA. Participants underwent a test battery to evaluate auditory processing and peripheral hearing assessment.

Maturation of speech perception in noise abilities during adolescence.

Background: Speech perception encompasses the perception of spectro-temporal cues. These cues include temporal envelope, temporal fine structure, and spectral shape of the signal. Extraction of these cues is essential for speech perception and, most importantly, for perceiving speech in the presence of noise (SPIN).

The association between pre-tonsillectomy education and postoperative emergency department returns: A retrospective cohort pilot study.

Introduction: Tonsillectomy is the most common pediatric surgery in Canada. Post-tonsillectomy 30-day Emergency Department (ED) visit rates are higher than other pediatric day surgeries. To date, there have been no studies assessing whether additional preoperative education directed by Child Life Specialists impacts preventable ED visits.

Relationship between temporal processing and phonological awareness in children with speech sound disorders.

Temporal processing ability contributes to the identification of small phonetic elements that is important for speech perception. Difficulty in these interferes with normal speech perception and phoneme recognition. The present study aimed to assess the temporal and phonological processing abilities in children with speech sound disorders (SSD).

Efficacy of SGLT2 Inhibitors as the Fifth Drug in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Asian Indians not Controlled with at least 4 Oral Antidiabetic Drugs.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of SGLT2 inhibitors as an add-on therapy along with stricter lifestyle modification in Asian Indian type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with inadequate glycemic control despite receiving an optimum dose of at least 4 oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs).

Methodology: A retrospective analysis of data of 808 T2DM patients being treated with an SGLT2 inhibitor (Dapagliflozin, Empagliflozin or Canagliflozin) as an add-on drug in patients with inadequate glycemic control despite receiving optimum doses of at least any four OADs(metformin, sulphonylureas, pioglitazone, DPP4 Inhibitors, alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors) and who preferred not to initiate insulin.

Results: The average age of the patients included was 51.

Endocervical trophoblast for interrogating the fetal genome and assessing pregnancy health at five weeks.

Prenatal testing for fetal genetic traits and risk of obstetrical complications is essential for maternal-fetal healthcare. The migration of extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cells from the placenta into the reproductive tract and accumulation in the cervix offers an exciting avenue for prenatal testing and monitoring placental function. These cells are obtained with a cervical cytobrush, a routine relatively safe clinical procedure during pregnancy, according to published studies and our own observations.